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Draghi Urges 'Growth Pact'
Keywords:
European Central Bank president, Mario Draghi, addressing the European Parliament in Brussels on April 25, 2012, supported both sides in the issues facing the eurozone, calling for continued vigilance on structural reforms to improve competitiveness of countries in the eurozone such as Spain and Italy, and at the same time saying it was imperative to generate economic growth. He told the European parliament: "The uncertainty about the present situation is very, very, high... Any exit strategy is premature given the current economic situation." Saying that the fiscal compact had been negotiated recently to control spending, yet what Europe needed was also a growth compact- "but my most present thought right now is to have a growth compact." He emphasized that it was now upto governments and banks to pick up the ball. The ECB's achievement was buying time with its 3 year loans to banks in Spain and Italy and other EU countries in Dec. 2011-March 2012, which he described as no ordinary achievement. Francois Hollande and Angela Merkel seized on Draghi's comments to show they were doing the right thing. Merkel conceded that growth was needed, saying sustainable initatives would be good for Europe, that what Germany was opposing was simply stimulus spending that would increase debt without the structural reforms to improve competitiveness. Hollande for his part said he would call for eurozone bonds to pay for industrial and infrastructure projects, and a financial transactions tax.
Angela Merkel's handling of the financial crises in eurozone countries
04/29/2010
The German response to the debt crisis in the eurozone and the events in 2011-2012.
Grouped Articles
As Greek Drama Plays Out, Where Is Europe?
New York Times 04/29/2010
Germany Clears Rescue for Greece
New York Times 05/03/2010
Economist 05/13/2010
Germans Respond to Merkel's 'Motherly' Side
Wall Street Journal 08/23/2013
Merkel Wins Big in German Election
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Germany's Surplus Isn't the Problem
Wall Street Journal 11/11/2013
Economic growth and GDP growth in eurozone countries 2010-2015
01/11/2010
Quarterly EU growth reports from Eurostat, the European statistics agency, and other national statistics agencies.
Grouped Articles
Eurozone GDP Shows Meager Expansion
Wall Street Journal 11/15/2014
Greek Economy Returns to Growth
Wall Street Journal 11/15/2014
OECD Leading Indicators Point to Eurozone Revival
Wall Street Journal 02/09/2015
Eurozone Growth Exceeds Expectations
New York Times 02/13/2015
In Europe, Even the German Powerhouse Is Losing Steam
New York Times 11/18/2011
In euro zone crisis, Germany is the reluctant savior - The Washington Post
Washington Post 12/04/2011
The Wall Street Journal's editorials on solutions to the Eurozone financial crisis- 2011-2012
07/13/2011
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Wall Street Journal 10/08/2011
Merkel Urges Party to Help Save Euro
Wall Street Journal 11/14/2011
Europe's Currency Road to Nowhere
Wall Street Journal 11/29/2011
In euro zone crisis, Germany is the reluctant savior - The Washington Post
Washington Post 12/04/2011
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
The EU Summit, December 9, 2011
12/09/2011
The German position not to allow large scale bond buying by the ECB remained unchanged. The focus continued on getting debt brakes and fiscal discipline rules set for the eurozone members. The ECB's Mario Draghi opposes central banks of Europe sending money to the IMF which would be used to support EU countries with debt problems. The ECB lowered interest rates by 0.25% for the eurozone, bringing interest rates to 1%, and reversing earlier ECB policies under Trichet that increased rates. In addition the ECB will provide unlimited funding to European commercial banks for longer maturities of 3 years, instead of the current 1 year maturity.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 12/09/2011
British Prime Minister Cameron’s veto of E.U. pact splinters his coalition - The Washington Post
Washington Post 12/11/2011
Legal Uncertainty Imperils EU Agreement
Wall Street Journal 12/14/2011
Leaders Grow Further Apart on Solutions
Wall Street Journal 12/15/2011
The Euro Zone's Double Failure
Wall Street Journal 12/15/2011
Euro Treaty to Require Only 9 Nations for Ratification
New York Times 12/16/2011
Austerity measures facing European countries in 2011-2013
11/13/2011
Grouped Articles
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
New York Times 11/03/2013
The 'Silent Austerity' in Banking
Wall Street Journal 01/21/2014
How Righteousness Killed the World Economy
New York Times 10/12/2014
New York Times 11/30/2014
Austerity in Europe Brings Bitterness Unknown in Postwar Era
New York Times 11/13/2011
The focus on competitiveness by economists, credit ratings agencies, and European leaders as austerity measures alone won't work
02/05/2011
Mario Monti focusses on the need for investing in the economy in an interview with German newspaper Die Welt during a January 2011 visit to Berlin. S&P economists and Nobel winner Stiglitz also emphasize this after a downgrade of France's credit rating- the need for improved competitiveness for the economies of France, Spain Portugal and Italy.
Grouped Articles
New York Times 09/25/2011
Wall Street Journal 05/29/2013
The Next First (and Only) 100 Days
New York Times 12/10/2011
A Proud Nation Ponders How to Halt Its Slow Decline
New York Times 08/24/2013
After a Recession in Portugal, the Tiny Green Fruits of Success
New York Times 08/28/2013
France Says It Will Miss Budget Deficit Targets
Wall Street Journal 09/12/2013
The 2010 austerity budget and the European financial crisis affecting Spain.
05/13/2010
The contagion effect affecting Spain after Greece and Portugal similar to the manner in which the Asian financial crisis spread during a prior decade.
Grouped Articles
New Spanish Budget Free of Austerity Measures
New York Times 09/27/2013
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
Spain is simply shifting the problem
Wall Street Journal 05/14/2010
Amid Europe's challenges, citizens face lifestyle shifts
Wall Street Journal 05/14/2010
French Cracks Are Showing in Euro-Zone Core
Wall Street Journal 05/13/2010
Wall Street Journal 05/13/2010
Why government fiscal discipline alone will not establish a sound financial framework for the Euro currency- the example of Spain
03/03/2010
Spain kept its deficits below the 3% mandated under EU treaties, till recently. Asset bubbles sustained because of bad lending by a country's banks and easy acess to credit from outside the country, are two problems not addressed by tighter budget controls in the revised rules being set after the Dec. 9 EU Summit. Spain's debt problem is to recapitalize these failing banks and debt of regional governments. Spain relied too much on a construction boom for growth, with productivity stalled. Ireland improved competitiveness and attracted foreign investment. This too unraveled in the face of an asset bubble from speculative lending by its banks.
Grouped Articles
New York Times 09/25/2011
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Spain's Example Shows Limits of EU Targets
Wall Street Journal 12/09/2011
The Euro Zone's Double Failure
Wall Street Journal 12/15/2011
Exit strategy dilemma for economic policymakers in the U.S. and Europe after fiscal stimulus and loose monetary policy.
11/05/2009
Grouped Articles
Once Again, the Fed Shies Away From the Exit Door
Wall Street Journal 07/11/2013
Economist 11/05/2009
Economist 11/13/2009
Why a Fed Rate Hike May Be Delayed
BusinessWeek 04/28/2011
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
John B. Taylor: Monetary Policy and the Next Crisis
Wall Street Journal 07/04/2012
Ratification of Europe's Fiscal Treaty following the EU Summit of Dec. 9, 2011
12/16/2011
Approval of the fiscal compact agreed to at the European Union summit of December 9, 2011 sets a low threshold, with it going into effect if 12 of 27 countries approve it.
Grouped Articles
Euro Treaty to Require Only 9 Nations for Ratification
New York Times 12/16/2011
Germany's Merkel to Need Opposition Help in Approving EU Fiscal Pact
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2012
Europe Needs the Bond Vigilantes
Wall Street Journal 04/05/2012
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
In test for Europe, Ireland votes on fiscal treaty - The Washington Post
Washington Post 05/31/2012
Germany May Compromise on Joint Debt
Wall Street Journal 06/28/2012
Efforts by the government of prime minister Mario Monti to open up guilds and professional sectors
01/20/2012
Efforts by the Monti government to issue more taxi licenses, pharmacy licenses and introduce competition in professional and other sectors protected from competition.
Grouped Articles
Italy Plans New Measures to Liberalize Economy
New York Times 01/20/2012
Mario Monti and Italy's Generational Crisis | Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs 02/14/2012
Wall Street Journal 03/27/2012
Italy's Labor Reforms Are Serious and Will Be Effective
Wall Street Journal 04/07/2012
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
Monti's Mounting Italian Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/11/2012
Actions taken by Spain's government of Mariano Rajoy to improve the competitiveness of the economy- 2012-2014
02/08/2012
Grouped Articles
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Departing EADS Chief Urges Europe to Recommit to Industry
New York Times 04/12/2012
Spain Plans to Burn Its Bridges to Keep Vacationers on the Job
Wall Street Journal 02/08/2012
Spain Approves Changes to Labor Policy
New York Times 02/10/2012
Germany's Inflated Fear of Inflation
Wall Street Journal 02/14/2012
The Rest of Europe vs. Germany
New York Times 02/16/2012
Improvements in current account deficits of Ireland, Portugal and Spain and the Rebalancing moves in the European Union
09/25/2011
The sharp decline in imports and the improvement in exports in Ireland and Spain is providing a ray of hope for the needed rebalancing of economies in Europe. This would not put the entire burden of the rebalancing on falling wages. Greece is an exception because of falling imports and exports as a result of the widespread economic dislocation.
Grouped Articles
New York Times 09/25/2011
Ireland Makes Moody's Less Blue
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Portugal's Shoemakers Bet on Quality
Wall Street Journal 03/08/2014
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Portugal on Road to Recovery Post-Bailout, But Scars Remain
Wall Street Journal 07/20/2015
Spain- debt, credit ratings, and borrowing costs 2011-2014
01/04/2011
Bond yields for Spanish government bonds in 2011-2014.
Grouped Articles
Return of Long-Term Bond Buyers Seen as Crucial to Europe
New York Times 06/29/2012
A Warning Light to Alert the I.M.F.
New York Times 09/21/2011
Europe Bonds May Offer More Value
Wall Street Journal 08/23/2013
New Spanish Budget Free of Austerity Measures
New York Times 09/27/2013
Netherlands Loses Triple-A Rating, Spain Outlook Raised
Wall Street Journal 11/30/2013
Bonds of Italy, Spain Narrow Gap With U.S., German Yields
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2014
Spain's efforts to control regional spending
07/22/2010
Spain is a highly decentralized country with the central government in Madrid able to exercize little control on spending by the regions. The eurozone crisis and the higher than expected 8% deficit in Spain for 2011 is changing attitudes in the regions and in Madrid. The clause inserted in the constitution in 2011 with Germany's insistence for a balanced budget gives Madrid power to restrain spending. An agreement was reached with regional governments including Catalonia for new legislation on spending controls. Valencia was downgraded along with Spain in the recent downgrade of Spain's credit rating.
Grouped Articles
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Madrid to Curb Spending by Powerful Regions
Wall Street Journal 01/18/2012
Spain's economy 2010-2013
07/22/2010
Grouped Articles
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Spanish Job Market May Be Turning Around
Wall Street Journal 01/24/2014
New York Times 07/28/2011
Italy Seeks to Tackle Youth Jobless Problem
Wall Street Journal 08/22/2011
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain's economic growth
07/22/2010
Grouped Articles
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Spanish Job Market May Be Turning Around
Wall Street Journal 01/24/2014
In Europe, Even the German Powerhouse Is Losing Steam
New York Times 11/18/2011
Spain's Budget Cuts Trigger Downturn
Wall Street Journal 01/31/2012
Spain Spells Out Latest Plan to Bolster Health of Lenders
Wall Street Journal 02/03/2012
Unemployment in Spain 2010-2014
01/01/2010
Grouped Articles
The Next First (and Only) 100 Days
New York Times 12/10/2011
Spanish Jobless Rate Has First Drop in Two Years
Wall Street Journal 07/25/2013
Spanish Job Market May Be Turning Around
Wall Street Journal 01/24/2014
Spain’s Unemployment Declines in 2014
Wall Street Journal 01/05/2015
In Spain, a Soaring Jobless Rate for Young Workers
New York Times 01/01/2010
Spain is simply shifting the problem
Wall Street Journal 05/14/2010
Italy's Mario Draghi, as the new president of the ECB
04/20/2011
Grouped Articles
ECB Moves Markets, Not Economy
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
Bonds of Italy, Spain Narrow Gap With U.S., German Yields
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2014
Italian Gains Support in Central Bank Race
Wall Street Journal 04/20/2011
Paris Backs Italy's Draghi as Europe's Central Banker
Wall Street Journal 04/27/2011
German Paper Finds Draghi Not So Bad After All
New York Times 04/29/2011
Trichet to Leave a Difficult Legacy at Central Bank
New York Times 05/31/2011
An account of the events and the role of key players in the eurozone crisis of 2011-2012
05/13/2010
Grouped Articles
Economist 05/13/2010
Dithering at the Top Turned EU Crisis to Global Threat
Wall Street Journal 12/29/2011
Deepening Crisis Over Euro Pits Leader Against Leader
Wall Street Journal 12/30/2011
European Leaders Agree to New Budget Discipline Measures
New York Times 01/30/2012
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
E.C.B. Sees a Healing Euro Zone but Warns of Risks
New York Times 12/14/2012
The twin problems of lack of growth under austerity plans and overvalued currencies of Italy, Greece, Spain and Portugal
06/24/2011
The twin problems of lack of growth and overvalued currencies under the solutions of austerity plans without debt reduction and a single euro currency create impossible odds for a resolution of the eurozone financial crisis. Germany's insistence on tough austerity measures, European banks delaying restructuring of bad loans similar to the U.S. Brady plan, failure of politicians in Italy and Greece to take early action, and small steps by policymakers, are compounding the effects of the eurozone crisis.
Grouped Articles
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
New York Times 11/03/2013
Germany's Surplus Isn't the Problem
Wall Street Journal 11/11/2013
The 'Silent Austerity' in Banking
Wall Street Journal 01/21/2014
Italy Central Banker Is Open to 'Bad Bank'
Wall Street Journal 02/10/2014
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
The ECB's Long Term Financing Operation Dec. 2011- March 2012
11/10/2011
The ECB's newly created Long Term Financing Operation enables European banks to meet their financing needs by borrowing from the European Central Bank at low rates of 1% for three years. Mid size banks in Spain buy government bonds of Spain and use the bonds as collateral at the ECB to access this lowcost funding. This has helped bring down rates at a recent auction of Spain's bonds from 5.1% to 1.7%. Italian banks also participated in the same way. 523 European banks borrowed 489 billion euros on Dec. 21, 2011, under this newly created financing operation of the ECB. This provides European banks financing as they are shutoff from normal financing by selling unsecured bonds to private and institutional lenders. This helps banks in the eurozone meet financial needs in 2012 without reducing lending to businesses and consumers.
Grouped Articles
German Court to Weigh Bond Buying by E.C.B.
New York Times 06/10/2013
E.C.B. Plots Strategy for Staving Off Deflation
New York Times 05/26/2014
Euro-Zone Banks Tap Big ECB Loans
Wall Street Journal 12/21/2011
Staring Into the ECB's Mini Bazooka
Wall Street Journal 12/21/2011
A Central Bank Doing What Central Banks Do
New York Times 12/21/2011
European Banks Rush to Grasp Lifeline
Wall Street Journal 12/22/2011
New fiscal and budget controls in the Eurozone - 2012-2013
03/03/2010
Budget discipline measures for the eurozone taken at the Jan 30, 2012 summit and at other EU meetings.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
Economist 05/13/2010
Euro-Zone Budget Controls Proposed
Wall Street Journal 11/22/2011
In euro zone crisis, Germany is the reluctant savior - The Washington Post
Washington Post 12/04/2011
European Leaders Agree to New Budget Discipline Measures
New York Times 01/30/2012
Europe Needs the Bond Vigilantes
Wall Street Journal 04/05/2012
Italy, Spain and austerity measures- 2011-2013
08/08/2011
Analysts point to the austerity measures adopted by Italy and Spain much earlier than other countries in the eurozone. The risk now is cutting into muscle as growth for 2011 is expected to be below 1% in both countries. Italy say analysts is actually in surplus when the interest on debt is excluded.
Grouped Articles
Italy Urged to Resist a Relapse in Spending
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
New York Times 11/03/2013
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
European Finance Ministers Support Investment Program
New York Times 09/14/2014
The IMF comes out on Spain's side in 2012 saying deficit reduction should have taken into account the weaker economic outlook
09/27/2011
The IMF in April 2012 says cuts in Spain may be too severe and cautioned that austerity measures could push Europe into recession.
Grouped Articles
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
The 'Silent Austerity' in Banking
Wall Street Journal 01/21/2014
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
How Mario Draghi, ECB president, sees the problems in the eurozone and policy direction in 2012-2015
01/11/2010
A wide ranging interview with Mario Draghi by Wall Street Journal reporters Blackstone, Karnitschnig and Thomson, which gives insights on how Draghi sees solutions to the crisis in the eurozone and future policy. Draghi favors good fiscal consolidation which combines freeing up labor markets and structural changes for Italy, Spain and other southern countries, with spending reductions, and capital investment in the future as opposed to tax increases for current spending and lack of capital investment for future growth. He points out that with excessive debt to GDP ratios there is no alternative to this right kind of fiscal consolidation. The fiscal consolidation gives the structural changes time to be put in place..
Grouped Articles
ECB Moves Markets, Not Economy
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
The Man Whoâll Do Triage on Europeâs Banks
New York Times 10/20/2013
ECB Struggles With Low-Altitude Flying
Wall Street Journal 11/10/2013
Euro Strengthens as Fears Fade
Wall Street Journal 01/12/2013
Bonds of Italy, Spain Narrow Gap With U.S., German Yields
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2014
E.C.B. Plots Strategy for Staving Off Deflation
New York Times 05/26/2014
What does Germany want from the Euro and the European Union? The Euro issue facing Germany in 2011-2015
03/03/2010
German political leaders do not want a "transfer union." At the same time they want to keep the European Union, just as much as Chancellor Kohl and Chancellor Adenauer. Merkel, Schroeder, Schauble and other leaders agree on the need for the European Union. The question is how to bring fiscal discipline to the EU, even if this means redesigning the structure of the EU. The vision of a united Europe persists.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
Germany's Surplus Isn't the Problem
Wall Street Journal 11/11/2013
New York Times 05/22/2014
Greek Crisis Shows How Germany’s Power Polarizes Europe
Wall Street Journal 07/07/2015
Economist 08/08/2015
Charlemagne: Germany’s euro question
Economist 09/10/2011
France's Finance Minister Lagarde on the discipline and coordination needed for the euro to work.
03/03/2010
This discipline and tight fiscal coordination would be imposed on eurozone countries as part of the effort to make the euro experiment work. Lagarde is interviewed by Carney and Jolis of the WSJ.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
Charlie Rose Talks to Christine Lagarde
BusinessWeek 04/28/2010
Toward a United States of Europe
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
Wall Street Journal 12/20/2010
Wall Street Journal 01/14/2011
Europeâs Odd Couple: Sarkozy and Merkel
New York Times 01/13/2011
Mario Monti, prime minister of Italy, and his letter to the Journal defending labor reforms
04/07/2012
Grouped Articles
Italy's Labor Reforms Are Serious and Will Be Effective
Wall Street Journal 04/07/2012
Europe's Reform Pact Means Little
Wall Street Journal 04/15/2012
Wall Street Journal 04/26/2012
Monti's Mounting Italian Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/11/2012
Why Monti, despite Merkel, could prove the euro’s best hope - The Washington Post
Washington Post 06/24/2012
Wall Street Journal 06/26/2012
Actions taken by the Italian government of Mario Monti to improve competitiveness in 2011-2013
01/19/2012
Grouped Articles
From Taxis to Tolls, Italy Seeks Competition Push
Wall Street Journal 01/19/2012
Germany's Inflated Fear of Inflation
Wall Street Journal 02/14/2012
The Rest of Europe vs. Germany
New York Times 02/16/2012
Mario Monti and Italy's Generational Crisis | Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs 02/14/2012
Wall Street Journal 03/27/2012
Italy's Labor Reforms Are Serious and Will Be Effective
Wall Street Journal 04/07/2012
Deficits as a percentage of GDP for Spain, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and Greece 2011-2013
04/30/2010
Grouped Articles
Italy Urged to Resist a Relapse in Spending
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
Portugal Plans Cuts in Spending
Wall Street Journal 05/30/2013
A Warning Light to Alert the I.M.F.
New York Times 09/21/2011
The Next Global Problem: Portugal
New York Times 04/30/2010
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Mario Draghi, head of the ECB, and the eurozone crisis with Italian bond yields approaching 8% in Dec. 2011
11/10/2011
Draghi addresses the issue of large scale purchases of bonds of Italy and Spain to ease pressure on bond yields, by leaving open the possibility of action if the EU countries take the necessary steps for a strict budgetary framework.
Grouped Articles
Return of Long-Term Bond Buyers Seen as Crucial to Europe
New York Times 06/29/2012
German Court to Weigh Bond Buying by E.C.B.
New York Times 06/10/2013
Europe Bonds May Offer More Value
Wall Street Journal 08/23/2013
Euro Strengthens as Fears Fade
Wall Street Journal 01/12/2013
Bonds of Italy, Spain Narrow Gap With U.S., German Yields
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2014
As Bond Markets Twist, Investors Shout
Wall Street Journal 06/10/2014
S&P and sovereign eurozone debt credit ratings
06/24/2011
S&P debt ratings for France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Netherlands and other Eurozone countries.
Grouped Articles
S.&P. Downgrade Deals Blow to French Government
New York Times 11/08/2013
Social-Security Woes Vex France's Hollande
Wall Street Journal 11/11/2013
New York Times 11/10/2013
Netherlands Loses Triple-A Rating, Spain Outlook Raised
Wall Street Journal 11/30/2013
What Crisis? Big Ratings Firms Stronger Than Ever
Wall Street Journal 03/10/2016
S.&P. Warns Euro Zone of Ratings Downgrades
New York Times 12/05/2011
Spain under the new administration of Mariano Rajoy in 2012-2018
11/16/2011
The Partido Popular under Mariano Rajoy is expected to win a large majority in Spain's general elections in 2012.
Grouped Articles
Spain's Rajoy Rejects Calls to Quit Over Text Messages
Wall Street Journal 07/16/2013
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Election Is Unlikely to Cure Spain's Pain
Wall Street Journal 11/16/2011
Spanish Vote Heralds More Austerity
Wall Street Journal 11/18/2011
Spain’s conservatives declare victory in election - The Washington Post
Washington Post 11/20/2011
Conservatives Ride Crisis to Victory in Spanish Vote
Wall Street Journal 11/21/2011
The 2012 austerity budget in Spain under prime minister Mariano Rajoy
03/30/2012
Grouped Articles
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
New Spanish Budget Free of Austerity Measures
New York Times 09/27/2013
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
How Righteousness Killed the World Economy
New York Times 10/12/2014
The debt of regional governments in Spain.
07/22/2010
With $200 billion in debt, local governments from Catalonia to Valencia, are facing more spending cuts in 2010. The local governments are looking at raising $57 billion in debt markets in 2010, the highest of any local governments in Europe except Germany.
Grouped Articles
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spanish Towns Struggle Under Crushing Debts
Wall Street Journal 10/04/2010
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
European Union Plans System for National Debt Crises
New York Times 10/29/2010
The euro crisis: Spreading from Ireland to Iberia
Economist 11/27/2010
Spain to Open Books in Bid to Calm Investors
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
Spain's cleanup of bad bank assets under prime minister Rajoy in 2012-2013
09/28/2011
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spain Weighing a Fast, Costly Cleanup of Banks
Wall Street Journal 12/07/2011
Why European Banks Are Sacrificing Growth
BusinessWeek 12/15/2011
Spain's Rajoy Takes Aim at Deficit
Wall Street Journal 12/20/2011
A Central Bank Doing What Central Banks Do
New York Times 12/21/2011
A younger generation of leaders takes over at the European Central Bank under Mario Draghi
01/12/2012
Grouped Articles
The Man Whoâll Do Triage on Europeâs Banks
New York Times 10/20/2013
European Central Bank Head, Draghi, Has New Powers
New York Times 07/02/2012
A New Generation Tackles the Euro Crisis
Wall Street Journal 01/12/2012
ECB's Chief Warns Situation Is 'Very Grave'
Wall Street Journal 01/17/2012
Wall Street Journal 02/24/2012
Q&A: ECB President Mario Draghi
Wall Street Journal 02/23/2012
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