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Spanish Woes Cast Rescue in New Light
Keywords:
Spain's prime minister Mariano Rajoy repeats his request that the $125 billion from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), the eurozone rescue fund, be sent directly to recapitalize Spanish banks, instead of being sent to the Spanish government. Capital markets did not respond positively to the aid announcement and Spain's 10 year bonds yields were close to 7%, one point higher than before the aid announcement. Rajoy told the other leaders at the G-20 summit in Los Cabos, Mexico, that it is necessary "to break the link between risk in the banking sector and the sovereign risk," according to a Spanish official. The European Commission and some EU governments support this, but Germany remains opposed to such a move. Spain paid higher rates on 3.04 billion euros in short term debt financed on June 19, 2012. Spain plans to sell 2 billion euros of two, three and five year bonds on June 21. Part of the problem for investors is the lack of clear accounting and transparency of the total debt of regional governments in Spain, and bad loans at banks, which it is feared could be much larger than the $125 billion in rescue funds from the EFSF. This is a result of the housing and asset bubble in Spain of the last two decades since joining the EU. The $125 billion would take Spanish debt to GDP ratios to 90%, which is lower than Italy's but comes at a time of unemployment at over 25% and a declining GDP, increasing investor uncertainty.
Rescue of Spain's banks with a $125 billion committment from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF)
02/25/2010
EU finance ministers persuaded Spain to borrow from the EFSF and place the money in a special fund intended to recapitalize its banks. The IMF will provide some oversight over the banks but no conditions or oversight will be imposed on Spain only on its banking system as a compromise. Problems in the banking system arise from a housing bubble in Spain and failing cajas savings banks. Spain has already committed to adhering to fiscal deficit targets on a longer term basis with the EU. This makes it a rescue of the banks more than a bailout of the kind deisgned for Greece, Ireland and Portugal.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 08/08/2011
A Warning Light to Alert the I.M.F.
New York Times 09/21/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain requests bailout help - The Washington Post
Washington Post 06/10/2012
Short term actions to save the euro taken at the Brussels negotiations on June 28, 2012
01/11/2012
Short term steps Germany agreed to when pushed hard by Italy, Spain and France, include the critical actions to let the European rescue funds to directly buy Italian and Spanish bonds on private markets to drive down bond yields, and provide direct aid to Italian and Spanish banks. The two steps were vital to restore market confidence and necessary if the European project was to be saved. The marathon negotiation stetched for 14 hours with brinksmanship, and were described by prime minister Monti of Italy as "hard and tense" but worth it.
Grouped Articles
Italy's Monti Hopes Summit Win Plays at Home
Wall Street Journal 06/29/2012
Global Markets Soar on European Breakthrough
New York Times 06/29/2012
Return of Long-Term Bond Buyers Seen as Crucial to Europe
New York Times 06/29/2012
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Italy Leader, Monti, Tells Germany Austerity Isn't Enough
New York Times 01/11/2012
Euro Strengthens as Fears Fade
Wall Street Journal 01/12/2013
Spain's banking officials, lack of prudent oversight over the banks and bad loans from the real estate bubble
02/22/2011
Jaime Caruana, Rodrigo Rato and Vinals are senior Spanish banking officials who worked for the central bank and at the IMF. Caruana is head of the Bank of International Settlements in Bases (BIS), and Vinal heads a department at the IMF. Rato resigned from Bankia bank after its takeover by the government. Experts say they failed to exercize proper oversight of Spain's banking system and in their positions at the IMF failed to draw early attention to the problems.
Grouped Articles
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Rodrigo Rato Resigns as Executive Chairman of Bankia
New York Times 05/07/2012
Spanish Officials Hailed Banks as the Crisis Built
New York Times 06/26/2012
Spanish Woes Cast Rescue in New Light
Wall Street Journal 06/20/2012
Bankia management
07/01/2011
Grouped Articles
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Rodrigo Rato Resigns as Executive Chairman of Bankia
New York Times 05/07/2012
Spain Readies New Push to Shore Up Banks
Wall Street Journal 05/08/2012
Spain Tries to Calm Fears About Ailing Lender
New York Times 05/17/2012
Europeâs Worst Fear: Spain and Greece Spiral Down Together
New York Times 05/20/2012
Spain's banks
07/09/2010
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Loan Growth Suffers at Spanish Banks
Wall Street Journal 11/13/2015
Spain to Approve Cajas Regulatory Overhaul
Wall Street Journal 07/09/2010
Crisis Awaits Worldâs Banks as Trillions Come Due
New York Times 07/11/2010
The European Banking Agenda in 2012-2014- deposit insurance and powers of banking supervision transferred to a European supervisory authority
03/03/2010
On the agenda during discussions in June between the EC, ECB and the German government, is deposit insurance for eurozone banks, and a supervisory financial authority for eurozone banks (Single Resolution Mechanism) within the EC with powers transferred from sovereign states to the the supervisory banking authority. These issues take priority because of fears of bank runs on banks in Greece, Spain and other countries. France is pushing for a new Eurozone Architecture that will form the basis of the euro currency.
Grouped Articles
ECB Hits the Road for Star Supervisors
Wall Street Journal 06/26/2013
European Union Offers Berlin Compromise on Bank Proposal
New York Times 07/12/2013
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
The Man Whoâll Do Triage on Europeâs Banks
New York Times 10/20/2013
ECB Nominates French Regulator for Euro-Zone Post
Wall Street Journal 11/23/2013
ECB Nominates New Banking Regulator
New York Times 11/20/2013
Spain's troubled banks- Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo
03/11/2011
Grouped Articles
Spain Faces Short Buyers List For Troubled Caja
Wall Street Journal 09/07/2011
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Criticism of Spainâs Central Bank Grows
New York Times 10/20/2011
Spain Weighing a Fast, Costly Cleanup of Banks
Wall Street Journal 12/07/2011
The Real Threat Facing Spanish Lenders
BusinessWeek 11/23/2011
Spain’s banks: Horns of a dilemma
Economist 01/07/2012
The impact of the housing bubble related banking crisis on small and medium sized business in Spain
02/25/2010
About 60% of the economy and 80% of the jobs in Spain are with small and medium sized business. The consolidation of banks is leading to loss of local contact. The need to build capital reserves to cover bad loan losses means banks are calling in loans to these businesses. This is happening in smaller towns and cities across Spain, and will worsen the already high 25% unemplyment rate. The credit squeeze is hurting the recovery.
Grouped Articles
Europe’s credit crunch: Mend the money machine
Economist 05/16/2013
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
For Some in Europe, High Lending Rates Hamper Recovery
New York Times 05/12/2014
E.C.B. Plots Strategy for Staving Off Deflation
New York Times 05/26/2014
Spanish Loan Data Suggests Modest Recovery
Wall Street Journal 10/25/2014
In Spain, Banks Find Dry Lending Landscape
Wall Street Journal 12/04/2014
The debt of regional governments in Spain.
07/22/2010
With $200 billion in debt, local governments from Catalonia to Valencia, are facing more spending cuts in 2010. The local governments are looking at raising $57 billion in debt markets in 2010, the highest of any local governments in Europe except Germany.
Grouped Articles
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spanish Towns Struggle Under Crushing Debts
Wall Street Journal 10/04/2010
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
European Union Plans System for National Debt Crises
New York Times 10/29/2010
The euro crisis: Spreading from Ireland to Iberia
Economist 11/27/2010
Spain to Open Books in Bid to Calm Investors
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
Why government fiscal discipline alone will not establish a sound financial framework for the Euro currency- the example of Spain
03/03/2010
Spain kept its deficits below the 3% mandated under EU treaties, till recently. Asset bubbles sustained because of bad lending by a country's banks and easy acess to credit from outside the country, are two problems not addressed by tighter budget controls in the revised rules being set after the Dec. 9 EU Summit. Spain's debt problem is to recapitalize these failing banks and debt of regional governments. Spain relied too much on a construction boom for growth, with productivity stalled. Ireland improved competitiveness and attracted foreign investment. This too unraveled in the face of an asset bubble from speculative lending by its banks.
Grouped Articles
New York Times 09/25/2011
Wall Street Journal 03/03/2010
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Spain's Example Shows Limits of EU Targets
Wall Street Journal 12/09/2011
The Euro Zone's Double Failure
Wall Street Journal 12/15/2011
A detailed account of the unfolding crisis at Bankia bank in Spain during 2011-2014
04/01/2009
An account of the key players and the ufolding of critical events in the IPO offering for Bankia, and the unraveling of the bank in the months that followed, as the Spanish regulators and government failed to get a handle on problems and instead put their hope on an improving economy. On May 3, Mario Draghi warned about the problems at Bankia in Barcelona. On May 4, the heads of Spain's largest banks BBVA, Banco Santander and Caixa, told the government it had to takeover Bankia, setting in process the events leading upto the acceptance of $125 billion in EU aid to recapitalize Spain's banking system. Bankia was put together from seven failing cajas savings banks. The problems related to the housing bubble are seen throughout the cajas savings banks.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain's Bankia bank
10/02/2010
The consolidation of a number of Spanish savings banks under government direction led to the creation of Bankia, Spain's third largest bank. Efforts to recapitalize these banks which have large accumulated large debt from the real estate boom is part of the Spanish government's effort to tackle the debt crisis facing Spain. Rodrigo Rato, a former finance minister and managing director of the IMF, heads Bankia and the effort to restore confidence in Spain's banking system.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Launches Privatization of Bankia
Wall Street Journal 02/28/2014
A Former IMF Leader Tackles IPO Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/08/2011
Initial public offering planned for Spain's Bankia bank
03/11/2011
Efforts to recapitalize Spain's savings banks.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Launches Privatization of Bankia
Wall Street Journal 02/28/2014
A Former IMF Leader Tackles IPO Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/08/2011
In Spanish, Bankia Starts Wooing IPO Investors
Wall Street Journal 07/01/2011
The IMF's position for direct aid to troubled banks in Spain
06/20/2012
The troubled banks in Spain are the Caixa banks in Catulunya and in Galicia, and the Bank of Valencia, and Bankia bank. The IMF favors direct aid, and sees the approach of sending rescue aid to Spain as not working to restore confidence in 2012.
Grouped Articles
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spanish Aid Plan Is Flawed, Says IMF
Wall Street Journal 06/22/2012
Spanish Woes Cast Rescue in New Light
Wall Street Journal 06/20/2012
Wall Street Journal 07/11/2012
Spain Needs $76 Billion to Recapitalize Its Banks, Audit Finds
New York Times 09/28/2012
Wall Street Journal 10/18/2012
Spain's banks and housing construction in 2011-2012
02/25/2010
Continued construction in housing suported by Spanish banks in 2011-2012. This is happening when a huge inventory of residential units estimated by some analysts at over 1 million remains unsold. It could further dampen home prices.
Grouped Articles
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spanish Banks Try to Build Their Way Out of Home Glut
Wall Street Journal 01/11/2012
Spain Spells Out Latest Plan to Bolster Health of Lenders
Wall Street Journal 02/03/2012
Wall Street Journal 02/08/2012
The urgency for recapitalization of European banks in 2011-2015
07/13/2011
EU banks face potential losses of 300 billion euros from troubled EU countries. 120 billion euros from Italy, Spain and Belgium, 60 billion euros from Greece, 20 billion euros from Ireland and Portugal, and $100 billion euros from other banking exposure, accordig to the IMF. IMF managing director, Christine Lagarde, has pointed to the urgent need for recapitalization of European banks,urgently because restricted lending by EU banks in the absence of recapitalization could further damage the economies of EU countries.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Bank of Italy Inspecting Top Lenders' Books
Wall Street Journal 07/30/2013
Central Bank Details Somber State of Europe’s Banking System
New York Times 10/13/2014
Wall Street Journal 07/04/2015
The Banker Who Is No Longer Welcome in Restaurants
Wall Street Journal 01/27/2016
Italy Agrees on Fund to Support Battered Lenders
Wall Street Journal 04/12/2016
Spain's Cajas savings banks
02/25/2010
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
New York Times 05/17/2013
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's cajas: Thinking outside the box
Economist 07/31/2010
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's efforts to control regional spending
07/22/2010
Spain is a highly decentralized country with the central government in Madrid able to exercize little control on spending by the regions. The eurozone crisis and the higher than expected 8% deficit in Spain for 2011 is changing attitudes in the regions and in Madrid. The clause inserted in the constitution in 2011 with Germany's insistence for a balanced budget gives Madrid power to restrain spending. An agreement was reached with regional governments including Catalonia for new legislation on spending controls. Valencia was downgraded along with Spain in the recent downgrade of Spain's credit rating.
Grouped Articles
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Madrid to Curb Spending by Powerful Regions
Wall Street Journal 01/18/2012
Spain's prime minister Mariano Rajoy's handling of the economic and banking crisis in Spain
09/28/2011
Rajoy's history cautiously embracing politics as Spain emerged from the Franco era, his father's advice to avoid politics after the searing experience of his grandfather in Galicia, the early years in Pontevedra, Galicia, and regional pride in Galicia, are described in Rajoy's book "En Confianza." Regional pride and the European experiment appear to be intertwined, just as Germany would like to see its political entity merged with a European entity, Spain would like to see its political entity merged with the European entity, because of a searing interwar period. Rajoy would genuinely like to see the European experiment go forward as he made the decision to accept EU aid.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spain Plans to Burn Its Bridges to Keep Vacationers on the Job
Wall Street Journal 02/08/2012
Mariano Rajoy of Spain Steps Up in Debt Crisis
New York Times 06/10/2012
EU: Spain Banks Will Be Monitored
Wall Street Journal 06/11/2012
Spain's Handling of Bankia Repeats a Pattern of Denial
Wall Street Journal 06/11/2012
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