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Europe's Banking Blindfolds
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This Wall Street Journal editorial calls for more transparency in disclosing bad debt problems at Spanish and other European banks. It faults recent and upcoming stress tests of EU banks for not being stringent enough and taking into account adverse scenarios. While Spain's central bank says only 20 billion euros are needed to recapitalize the cajas savings banks, other estimates are much higher. Moody's country report says Spain could need upto 120 billion euros to recapitalize its banks. A big problem is European banks exposure in Spain which is over 700 billion euros as of September 2010- Spanish banks have high exposure in Portugal and German banks have high exposure to Spain.
Spain's Cajas savings banks
02/25/2010
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
New York Times 05/17/2013
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's cajas: Thinking outside the box
Economist 07/31/2010
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain and default on residential mortgages
02/25/2010
The housing market and banks in Spain, and the extensive system of mortgage modification in place to mitigate housing losses.
Grouped Articles
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Spain's Banks Boost Books by Refinancing Loans to Homeowners
Wall Street Journal 11/07/2013
Leading the Charge Against Spainâs Mortgage Crisis
New York Times 12/20/2013
Spain Still Suffering Fallout From Housing Bust
Wall Street Journal 05/28/2014
Tumbling Interest Rates in Europe Leaves Some Banks Owing Money on Loans to Borrowers
Wall Street Journal 04/14/2015
Wall Street Journal 12/17/2010
The debt of regional governments in Spain.
07/22/2010
With $200 billion in debt, local governments from Catalonia to Valencia, are facing more spending cuts in 2010. The local governments are looking at raising $57 billion in debt markets in 2010, the highest of any local governments in Europe except Germany.
Grouped Articles
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spanish Towns Struggle Under Crushing Debts
Wall Street Journal 10/04/2010
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
European Union Plans System for National Debt Crises
New York Times 10/29/2010
The euro crisis: Spreading from Ireland to Iberia
Economist 11/27/2010
Spain to Open Books in Bid to Calm Investors
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
John Cochrane and other experts give a no-nonsense view of the bailouts and the financial crises facing Europe
12/02/2010
Insights that the real problem is short term debt financing. The need for the EU to insist on long tem debt financing for governments in Europe. The solution for this crisis is not in bailouts of Greece, Spain, Italy and so on, but to swap the short term debt for debt with longer term maturities, and for bondholders to take a haircut. Similiar to the Brady Plan for Latin America in the late 1980's. The bailout of Ireland in reality not a bailout of Ireland, as a bailout of German and British banks that made risky loans to Irish banks and the Irish government. The U.S. government's debt also tilted to short term debt and problems similar to European problems.
Grouped Articles
EU Dismisses IMF's Criticism On Greek Bailout
Wall Street Journal 06/07/2013
'Contagion' and Other Euro Myths
Wall Street Journal 12/02/2010
As Ireland Flails, Europe Lurches Across the Rubicon
Wall Street Journal 12/27/2010
Running the euro zone: Pact of uncompetitiveness
Economist 02/12/2011
Wall Street Journal 03/11/2011
Europe Needs to Apportion Pain
Wall Street Journal 03/17/2011
Banks and housing foreclosures in Spain
02/25/2010
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Spain's Banks Boost Books by Refinancing Loans to Homeowners
Wall Street Journal 11/07/2013
Leading the Charge Against Spainâs Mortgage Crisis
New York Times 12/20/2013
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Still Suffering Fallout From Housing Bust
Wall Street Journal 05/28/2014
Initial public offering planned for Spain's Bankia bank
03/11/2011
Efforts to recapitalize Spain's savings banks.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Launches Privatization of Bankia
Wall Street Journal 02/28/2014
A Former IMF Leader Tackles IPO Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/08/2011
In Spanish, Bankia Starts Wooing IPO Investors
Wall Street Journal 07/01/2011
Britain, Sweden, Spain and Basel III capital reserve requirements for banks
01/21/2010
Britain, Sweden and Spain oppose the dilution of capital reserve requirements for European banks through a broad definition of what constitutes Tier 1 capital. Germany, France and some other European countries favor a loose definition of Tier 1 capital. The systemic risks of lower reserve requirements and loose definitions of Tier 1 capital in a global banking crisis and the danger to taxpayers.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
The Battle Over Bank Rules at Basel III
BusinessWeek 05/27/2010
Swiss Politicians Push for Stricter Bank Capital Rules
Wall Street Journal 11/04/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/13/2010
Basel Rules Unlikely to Force Capital Raising
Wall Street Journal 09/14/2010
Wall Street Journal 09/14/2010
Spain's Bankia bank
10/02/2010
The consolidation of a number of Spanish savings banks under government direction led to the creation of Bankia, Spain's third largest bank. Efforts to recapitalize these banks which have large accumulated large debt from the real estate boom is part of the Spanish government's effort to tackle the debt crisis facing Spain. Rodrigo Rato, a former finance minister and managing director of the IMF, heads Bankia and the effort to restore confidence in Spain's banking system.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Launches Privatization of Bankia
Wall Street Journal 02/28/2014
A Former IMF Leader Tackles IPO Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/08/2011
Spain's troubled banks- Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo
03/11/2011
Grouped Articles
Spain Faces Short Buyers List For Troubled Caja
Wall Street Journal 09/07/2011
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Criticism of Spainâs Central Bank Grows
New York Times 10/20/2011
Spain Weighing a Fast, Costly Cleanup of Banks
Wall Street Journal 12/07/2011
The Real Threat Facing Spanish Lenders
BusinessWeek 11/23/2011
Spain’s banks: Horns of a dilemma
Economist 01/07/2012
Spain's banks and housing construction in 2011-2012
02/25/2010
Continued construction in housing suported by Spanish banks in 2011-2012. This is happening when a huge inventory of residential units estimated by some analysts at over 1 million remains unsold. It could further dampen home prices.
Grouped Articles
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spanish Banks Try to Build Their Way Out of Home Glut
Wall Street Journal 01/11/2012
Spain Spells Out Latest Plan to Bolster Health of Lenders
Wall Street Journal 02/03/2012
Wall Street Journal 02/08/2012
Spain's banks
07/09/2010
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Loan Growth Suffers at Spanish Banks
Wall Street Journal 11/13/2015
Spain to Approve Cajas Regulatory Overhaul
Wall Street Journal 07/09/2010
Crisis Awaits Worldâs Banks as Trillions Come Due
New York Times 07/11/2010
China's policy of continued support for Spain's sovereign government debt and other European debt
01/04/2011
China is wary of the impact on its largest export market of a fall in the euro as a result of a eurozone crisis in Spain and Portugal. China plans to buy a significant portion of Spain's debt issuance of 200 billion euros in 2011.
Grouped Articles
Japan's Stimulus Generates Ripples
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2013
EU Aims to Seal Deal With Beijing
Wall Street Journal 01/07/2011
Spain Pegs Cajas' Possible Problem Debt
Wall Street Journal 02/22/2011
Wall Street Journal 03/11/2011
Spain Takes Turn in Debt Spotlight
Wall Street Journal 03/25/2011
China Hopes Its Bond Buys Will Help Shore Up Europe
Wall Street Journal 04/22/2011
The lack of reliable data on housing and banking in crisis prone European countries
11/26/2010
The lack of reliable data and lack of transparency in Ireland, Spain, and other crisis prone countries in 2010-2011.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 11/26/2010
Spain to Open Books in Bid to Calm Investors
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
Ghostly Developments Also Haunt Spainâs Banks
New York Times 12/17/2010
Spain Says Its Regions Are Financially Sound
Wall Street Journal 12/21/2010
For Spain, Real-Estate Outlook Appears Bleak
Wall Street Journal 01/05/2011
Spain to Ramp Up Bailout of Banks
Wall Street Journal 01/20/2011
A detailed account of the unfolding crisis at Bankia bank in Spain during 2011-2014
04/01/2009
An account of the key players and the ufolding of critical events in the IPO offering for Bankia, and the unraveling of the bank in the months that followed, as the Spanish regulators and government failed to get a handle on problems and instead put their hope on an improving economy. On May 3, Mario Draghi warned about the problems at Bankia in Barcelona. On May 4, the heads of Spain's largest banks BBVA, Banco Santander and Caixa, told the government it had to takeover Bankia, setting in process the events leading upto the acceptance of $125 billion in EU aid to recapitalize Spain's banking system. Bankia was put together from seven failing cajas savings banks. The problems related to the housing bubble are seen throughout the cajas savings banks.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
German banks exposure to Spain of $139.9 billion in 2012 and Germany's efforts to manage the exposure
03/11/2011
Grouped Articles
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
State of Europe's Banks: Safe and Stressed
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2012
Spain Needs $76 Billion to Recapitalize Its Banks, Audit Finds
New York Times 09/28/2012
Berlin vs. Rome: A Tale of Two Visions
Wall Street Journal 09/30/2012
Spanish Banks Agree to Layoffs and Other Cuts to Receive Rescue Funds in Return
New York Times 11/28/2012
Wall Street Journal 11/29/2012
Reports by consulting firms Oliver Wyman and Roland Berger, and a separate report by audit firms looking into the books of Spanish banks
03/11/2011
Consulting firms estimated 62 billion euros will be needed to recapitalize Spain's banks. This is similiar to figures of Fitch Ratings and the IMF. The consulting firms of Oliver Wyman and Roland Berger used informaton provided by the Bank of Spain and did not look directly into the books of individual banks because of time constraints. The Spanish government is doing a separate detailed audit using audit firms which will examine the books of the 14 largest banks and report by the end of July. Disagreement between Mr. Alumnia, Spain's representative at the EC and the Spanish government about whether some banks should be closed.
Grouped Articles
For Spain, Accusations of Lagging on Reforms
New York Times 06/20/2012
Spanish Aid Plan Is Flawed, Says IMF
Wall Street Journal 06/22/2012
Euro Zone Eases Budget Demand on Spain
Wall Street Journal 07/10/2012
Spanish Official: Slow Reaction to Crisis
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2012
Germany Makes Last Pitch Before Vote
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2012
Auditors Prepare for Spain's 'Bad Bank' Plan
Wall Street Journal 08/02/2012
Rescue of Spain's banks with a $125 billion committment from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF)
02/25/2010
EU finance ministers persuaded Spain to borrow from the EFSF and place the money in a special fund intended to recapitalize its banks. The IMF will provide some oversight over the banks but no conditions or oversight will be imposed on Spain only on its banking system as a compromise. Problems in the banking system arise from a housing bubble in Spain and failing cajas savings banks. Spain has already committed to adhering to fiscal deficit targets on a longer term basis with the EU. This makes it a rescue of the banks more than a bailout of the kind deisgned for Greece, Ireland and Portugal.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 08/08/2011
A Warning Light to Alert the I.M.F.
New York Times 09/21/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain requests bailout help - The Washington Post
Washington Post 06/10/2012
Spain's banking officials, lack of prudent oversight over the banks and bad loans from the real estate bubble
02/22/2011
Jaime Caruana, Rodrigo Rato and Vinals are senior Spanish banking officials who worked for the central bank and at the IMF. Caruana is head of the Bank of International Settlements in Bases (BIS), and Vinal heads a department at the IMF. Rato resigned from Bankia bank after its takeover by the government. Experts say they failed to exercize proper oversight of Spain's banking system and in their positions at the IMF failed to draw early attention to the problems.
Grouped Articles
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Rodrigo Rato Resigns as Executive Chairman of Bankia
New York Times 05/07/2012
Spanish Officials Hailed Banks as the Crisis Built
New York Times 06/26/2012
Spanish Woes Cast Rescue in New Light
Wall Street Journal 06/20/2012
The German parliament's vote in July 2012 on the $125 billion loan committment to Spain's banks
03/11/2011
The need for opposition support to pass the legislation required to provide loans to Spain's savings banks. A committment of $125 billion in loans to Spain's banks was made by the EU. The efforts of the Merkel government to win popular support from a skeptical German public includes videos on YouTube in July 2012. The opposition SPD says it will look at the loan arrangements carefully to make sure this leads to a healthy Spanish banking system with the required changes being made at the banks.
Grouped Articles
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
German Parliament Approves Greek Bailout Negotiations
Wall Street Journal 07/17/2015
Germany Makes Last Pitch Before Vote
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2012
German Parliament Backs Spanish Bank Plan
New York Times 07/19/2012
Spanish Bank's Ex-Leader Defends His Record There
New York Times 07/26/2012
France Raises Taxes in Tough Budget
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2012
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