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EU finance ministers persuaded Spain to borrow from the EFSF and place the money in a special fund intended to recapitalize its banks. The IMF will provide some oversight over the banks but no conditions or oversight will be imposed on Spain only on its banking system as a compromise. Problems in the banking system arise from a housing bubble in Spain and failing cajas savings banks. Spain has already committed to adhering to fiscal deficit targets on a longer term basis with the EU. This makes it a rescue of the banks more than a bailout of the kind deisgned for Greece, Ireland and Portugal.
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 08/08/2011
A Warning Light to Alert the I.M.F.
New York Times 09/21/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain requests bailout help - The Washington Post
Washington Post 06/10/2012
Spain is a highly decentralized country with the central government in Madrid able to exercize little control on spending by the regions. The eurozone crisis and the higher than expected 8% deficit in Spain for 2011 is changing attitudes in the regions and in Madrid. The clause inserted in the constitution in 2011 with Germany's insistence for a balanced budget gives Madrid power to restrain spending. An agreement was reached with regional governments including Catalonia for new legislation on spending controls. Valencia was downgraded along with Spain in the recent downgrade of Spain's credit rating.
Grouped Articles
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Madrid to Curb Spending by Powerful Regions
Wall Street Journal 01/18/2012
With $200 billion in debt, local governments from Catalonia to Valencia, are facing more spending cuts in 2010. The local governments are looking at raising $57 billion in debt markets in 2010, the highest of any local governments in Europe except Germany.
Grouped Articles
Rajoy Appeals to Catalonia to Stick With Spain
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spanish Towns Struggle Under Crushing Debts
Wall Street Journal 10/04/2010
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
European Union Plans System for National Debt Crises
New York Times 10/29/2010
The euro crisis: Spreading from Ireland to Iberia
Economist 11/27/2010
Spain to Open Books in Bid to Calm Investors
Wall Street Journal 12/18/2010
A 27% unemployment rate and GDP declline at annual rate of 3.1% by June 2012 in Castilla-La Mancha create difficult conditions. Cospedal is the senior leader in the Partido Popular after prime minister Mariano Rajoy. She says she wants growth and employment, but her first priority is to have "cleaned up accounts" so that Spain's borrowing costs can be brought down. Lack of credible finances in the regions are a major problem in Spain recognized by all sides, but the drive to reestablish credibility comes at a time of rising unemployment.
Grouped Articles
Europe's Recession Sparks Grass-Roots Political Push
Wall Street Journal 05/21/2013
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
A Spanish Leader Emerges as a Crusader for Austerity
Wall Street Journal 06/25/2012
Spain Delays Plan to Ease Financing for Ailing Regions
Wall Street Journal 06/29/2012
Euro Zone Eases Budget Demand on Spain
Wall Street Journal 07/10/2012
In Spain, a Symbol of Ruin at an Airport to Nowhere
New York Times 07/18/2012
Analysts point to the austerity measures adopted by Italy and Spain much earlier than other countries in the eurozone. The risk now is cutting into muscle as growth for 2011 is expected to be below 1% in both countries. Italy say analysts is actually in surplus when the interest on debt is excluded.
Grouped Articles
Italy Urged to Resist a Relapse in Spending
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
German Election Overturns Political Order
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
New York Times 11/03/2013
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
European Finance Ministers Support Investment Program
New York Times 09/14/2014
An account of the key players and the ufolding of critical events in the IPO offering for Bankia, and the unraveling of the bank in the months that followed, as the Spanish regulators and government failed to get a handle on problems and instead put their hope on an improving economy. On May 3, Mario Draghi warned about the problems at Bankia in Barcelona. On May 4, the heads of Spain's largest banks BBVA, Banco Santander and Caixa, told the government it had to takeover Bankia, setting in process the events leading upto the acceptance of $125 billion in EU aid to recapitalize Spain's banking system. Bankia was put together from seven failing cajas savings banks. The problems related to the housing bubble are seen throughout the cajas savings banks.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
The Pain in Spain Falls Mainly on the Cajas
BusinessWeek 02/25/2010
Economist 05/29/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
EU banks face potential losses of 300 billion euros from troubled EU countries. 120 billion euros from Italy, Spain and Belgium, 60 billion euros from Greece, 20 billion euros from Ireland and Portugal, and $100 billion euros from other banking exposure, accordig to the IMF. IMF managing director, Christine Lagarde, has pointed to the urgent need for recapitalization of European banks,urgently because restricted lending by EU banks in the absence of recapitalization could further damage the economies of EU countries.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Bank of Italy Inspecting Top Lenders' Books
Wall Street Journal 07/30/2013
Central Bank Details Somber State of Europe’s Banking System
New York Times 10/13/2014
Wall Street Journal 07/04/2015
The Banker Who Is No Longer Welcome in Restaurants
Wall Street Journal 01/27/2016
Italy Agrees on Fund to Support Battered Lenders
Wall Street Journal 04/12/2016
The IMF in April 2012 says cuts in Spain may be too severe and cautioned that austerity measures could push Europe into recession.
Grouped Articles
Still Sputtering, Spain Turns Away From Cuts
Wall Street Journal 05/12/2013
Europe to Vote on Tougher Rules for Currency
New York Times 09/27/2011
German Optimism Depends On Spanish Deficits
Wall Street Journal 09/25/2013
The 'Silent Austerity' in Banking
Wall Street Journal 01/21/2014
Euro Zone Deficit Hits Target for First Time Since 2008
New York Times 04/23/2014
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
Grouped Articles
Spain: Budget Woes Hit Regional Governments
BusinessWeek 07/22/2010
Spain's New Tax Crackdown Makes It Personal
Wall Street Journal 02/09/2013
Saying No to Austerity, Spain Unveils Tax Cuts
New York Times 06/20/2014
Spain Braces for Renewed Austerity as Tax Take Hemorrhages
Unknown 07/10/2012
Euro Zone Eases Budget Demand on Spain
Wall Street Journal 07/10/2012
Spanish Bond Rates Inch Higher Amid Fears
New York Times 07/20/2012
A wide ranging interview with Mario Draghi by Wall Street Journal reporters Blackstone, Karnitschnig and Thomson, which gives insights on how Draghi sees solutions to the crisis in the eurozone and future policy. Draghi favors good fiscal consolidation which combines freeing up labor markets and structural changes for Italy, Spain and other southern countries, with spending reductions, and capital investment in the future as opposed to tax increases for current spending and lack of capital investment for future growth. He points out that with excessive debt to GDP ratios there is no alternative to this right kind of fiscal consolidation. The fiscal consolidation gives the structural changes time to be put in place..
Grouped Articles
ECB Moves Markets, Not Economy
Wall Street Journal 05/03/2013
The Man Whoâll Do Triage on Europeâs Banks
New York Times 10/20/2013
ECB Struggles With Low-Altitude Flying
Wall Street Journal 11/10/2013
Euro Strengthens as Fears Fade
Wall Street Journal 01/12/2013
Bonds of Italy, Spain Narrow Gap With U.S., German Yields
Wall Street Journal 04/09/2014
E.C.B. Plots Strategy for Staving Off Deflation
New York Times 05/26/2014
Grouped Articles
Wall Street Journal 09/28/2011
Spain Emerges From Recession but Sees More Austerity Ahead
Wall Street Journal 09/23/2013
Spain Weighing a Fast, Costly Cleanup of Banks
Wall Street Journal 12/07/2011
Why European Banks Are Sacrificing Growth
BusinessWeek 12/15/2011
Spain's Rajoy Takes Aim at Deficit
Wall Street Journal 12/20/2011
A Central Bank Doing What Central Banks Do
New York Times 12/21/2011
The consolidation of a number of Spanish savings banks under government direction led to the creation of Bankia, Spain's third largest bank. Efforts to recapitalize these banks which have large accumulated large debt from the real estate boom is part of the Spanish government's effort to tackle the debt crisis facing Spain. Rodrigo Rato, a former finance minister and managing director of the IMF, heads Bankia and the effort to restore confidence in Spain's banking system.
Grouped Articles
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy's
Wall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Investors in Bankia to Sue Bank of Spain Over Losses
New York Times 05/09/2013
Spain's banks: Two cheers, three tiers
Economist 10/02/2010
Spain's Bankia Returns to Profit
Wall Street Journal 02/04/2014
Spain Launches Privatization of Bankia
Wall Street Journal 02/28/2014
A Former IMF Leader Tackles IPO Challenge
Wall Street Journal 06/08/2011
Consulting firms estimated 62 billion euros will be needed to recapitalize Spain's banks. This is similiar to figures of Fitch Ratings and the IMF. The consulting firms of Oliver Wyman and Roland Berger used informaton provided by the Bank of Spain and did not look directly into the books of individual banks because of time constraints. The Spanish government is doing a separate detailed audit using audit firms which will examine the books of the 14 largest banks and report by the end of July. Disagreement between Mr. Alumnia, Spain's representative at the EC and the Spanish government about whether some banks should be closed.
Grouped Articles
For Spain, Accusations of Lagging on Reforms
New York Times 06/20/2012
Spanish Aid Plan Is Flawed, Says IMF
Wall Street Journal 06/22/2012
Euro Zone Eases Budget Demand on Spain
Wall Street Journal 07/10/2012
Spanish Official: Slow Reaction to Crisis
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2012
Germany Makes Last Pitch Before Vote
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2012
Auditors Prepare for Spain's 'Bad Bank' Plan
Wall Street Journal 08/02/2012
A decline in GDP is leading to lower tax revenues leading to a relaxation of deficit targets. Spain faces an unemployment rate of 27% in 2012
Linked Articles
Euro Zone Eases Budget Demand on Spain
Wall Street Journal 07/10/2012
Spain Braces for Renewed Austerity as Tax Take Hemorrhages
Unknown 07/10/2012
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