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The bond swap of new bonds with long maturities reflecting a writedown of 53.5% for the old bonds with short maturities was finally achieved on March 9, 2012. By this time Greece's economy was shrinking badly and the new bonds were trading at levels that reflected the need for further writedowns only days after the deal. Prof. Cochrane at the University of Chicago and Prof. John Taylor at Stanford say French and German banks exaggerated the effects of contagion from the beginning to delay writedowns for as long as possible. The effects on the eurozone of the delays in tackling the problem early and decisively are negative or slowing growth and is likely to hurt the banks operating in that environment, raising questions about the wisdom of that strategy.
Linked Articles
Wall Street Journal 03/09/2012
Greece Passes Key Debt TestWall Street Journal 03/09/2012
Draghi tells WSJ interviewers what economist Dornbusch once told him- the Europeans were so rich they did not have to work anymore. Draghi and Fornero emphasize the large culture change needed in Italy. Fornero says too often labor, business, and govenment tweaked the rules to benefit one special group, and Italy lost its sense of being a rule bound society.
Linked Articles
Italy Official Seeks Culture Shift in New Law
Wall Street Journal 06/27/2012
Europe's Banker Talks ToughWall Street Journal 02/24/2012
The significant changes underway in labor laws that should increase productivity and competitiveness of Spain and Italy. The need for the culture change that goes with this.
Linked Articles
Italy Official Seeks Culture Shift in New Law
Wall Street Journal 06/27/2012
Spain Approves Changes to Labor PolicyNew York Times 02/10/2012
Monti's actions to address Italy's main problems- insufficient competition, inadequate infrastructure, and too much red tape.
Linked Articles
Italy Plans New Measures to Liberalize Economy
New York Times 01/20/2012
Mario Monti and Italy's Generational Crisis | Foreign AffairsForeign Affairs 02/14/2012
Linked Articles
Italy Leader, Monti, Tells Germany Austerity Isn't Enough
New York Times 01/11/2012
Leaders Grow Further Apart on SolutionsWall Street Journal 12/15/2011
One estimate of tax evasion in Italy cited by Faiola in the Post is $340 billon a year. Greece has a similiar problem. This is one area in which the culture and practices of individual countries have to converge to acceptable norms to make a common currrency viable, something the founders of the euro currency did not take as seriously as needed and account for in a disciplined framework. The political enthusiasm for a union of European countries of EU founders led to ignoring the dangers of not having controls and convergence in place.
Linked Articles
New York Times 12/01/2011
Amid crisis, Italy confronts a culture of tax evasion - The Washington PostWashington Post 11/25/2011
Linked Articles
Berlusconi Both Drew and Divided Italians
New York Times 11/12/2011
Silvio Berlusconi to leave legacy of playboy politician - The Washington PostWashington Post 11/12/2011
Linked Articles
Volcker to Push Back on Banks' Trading
Wall Street Journal 02/13/2012
Volcker Rule Might Just Be Kabuki TheaterWall Street Journal 10/12/2011
Linked Articles
Bundesbank Stresses Divide on Bond Buying
Wall Street Journal 08/02/2012
Banker's Exit Rattles MarketsWall Street Journal 09/10/2011
Linked Articles
Italy Seeks to Spur Growth, Narrowing Gap With Peers
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2011
Spanish Banks More Vulnerable Than Italy'sWall Street Journal 07/13/2011
Mario Cuomo's speech is cited by Matt Bai where he refers to the concern for helping the poor without crushing the middle class and the tone shifting now to helping the middle class without crushing the poor. As Andy Cuomo goes for another term as governor of New York, voters talk about the elder Cuomo and show acceptance but a lack of enthusiasm for the younger Cuomo.
Linked Articles
A Tepid Thumbs Up Is the Best Many Can Muster for Cuomo
New York Times 11/02/2014
Mario Cuomo, Available for Elder Statesman DutyNew York Times 04/07/2011
Linked Articles
Italy Seeks to Spur Growth, Narrowing Gap With Peers
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2011
The Youth Unemployment BombBusinessWeek 02/02/2011
The perceptions of the eurozone crisis of ordinary Germans and of former East German Angela Merkel are colored by the period of reunification of the two Germany's. This was paid for with a"solidarity surcharge" tax paid by Germans amounting to $1.7 trillion and led in its early stages to 4 million unemployed in the eastern part and 20% unemployment. It took over a decade for East Germany to build new modernized industries in the larger cities of the east, but still leaves the rural parts of former East Germany in a neglected state as young peoplemoved out. During this period industry in the west also regained lost global competitiveness, especially in industries such as automobiles and advanced machinery, using wage restraint agreements with unions and increases in productivity. Germans see the need for eurozone countries in the southern part of Europe needing to make similiar sacrifices and see the tax evasion in Italy and Greece as unacceptable. The real estate bubble, the lack of transparency for banks bad loans, and out of control regional spending in Spain is also seen in a similiar light. Greece is seen as the most egregious offendor because of the bad financial accounting that grossly understated the extent of the bad loans. Less publicized in Germany is the role played in the bad loans through poor lending practices of German and French banks and that as experts have pointed out Germany was to some extent bailing out German banks when it was bailing out Greece- till German banks reduced their exposure to Greece in 2011.
Linked Articles
In former East Germany, anxious residents resent paying for Europe’s problems - The Washington Post
Washington Post 06/21/2012
Merkel's Defense of Euro Forged in East GermanyNew York Times 01/30/2011
Finance Minister Luis de Guindos sees Spain loosing either way with spending cuts that worsen high unemployment and lower economic growth leading to a worsening debt to GDP ratio in 2012, and this situation in turn raising its borrowing costs on $86 billion in debt issuance for 2012. He estimates the debt to GDP ratio will increase under the 2012 budget of 27 billion euros in cuts and an economy shrinking by 1.7% in 2012, by 10% from 2011 to 78%. Markets are focussing on debt in Portugal and Spain in 2012, after focussing on Greece and Italy in 2011.
Linked Articles
Spain Faces Risks in Budget Refit
Wall Street Journal 04/03/2012
Spain Struggles to Unite Regional Leaders on CutsNew York Times 03/06/2012
Surprisingly the Syriza government in 6 months in office did not come up with a plan to implement for tax evasion. This was a major issue for the IMF and in Greece's interest, even though it was going contrary to long standing practice in Greece as it was in Italy. Estimates of lost revenue are about $11 billion each year for tax evasion. By comparison the IMF payment due was less than $2 billion on June 30, 2015. Sustainable long term finances make this a major issue in Greece's own interest. Greece has an aging population and the number of retirees are growing in relation to young working people making this an important issue for stable finances under any administration, and regardless of the euro.
Linked Articles
How Greek tax evasion sunk the global economy
Washington Post 07/10/2012
A Hollow Target for Greek DebtWall Street Journal 02/18/2012
Linked Articles
Spain Plans to Burn Its Bridges to Keep Vacationers on the Job
Wall Street Journal 02/08/2012
Italy Official Seeks Culture Shift in New LawWall Street Journal 06/27/2012
The decline in the value of the euro increases the impact of higher oil prices in 2012. It also comes at a bad time.
Linked Articles
Fears of a 2008 Repeat for Oil
Wall Street Journal 03/18/2012
Beware Strait Talking on OilWall Street Journal 01/06/2012
Without economic growth the problems of debt reduction become more difficult to tackle. Austerity measures may lead to shrinking economies in these countries creating larger deficits.
Linked Articles
New York Times 11/28/2011
Europe's Currency Road to NowhereWall Street Journal 11/29/2011
A government of technocrats formed from respected figures in academia, business and the civil service in Italy. It replaces the government of Silvio Berlusconi which had lost credibility inside Italy and with leaders of the European Union.
Linked Articles
Mario Monti, Italyâs New Leader, Faces Uphill Fight
New York Times 11/13/2011
Italyâs Monti Forms New GovernmentNew York Times 11/16/2011
Volcker's letter of comments on the Rule and the interview with Pete Rose. Here he says why this will make financial markets a safer place and why it will lead to healthy financial markets. The financial industry is opposing the Volcker Rule.
Linked Articles
Volcker to Push Back on Banks' Trading
Wall Street Journal 02/13/2012
Charlie Rose Talks to Paul VolckerBusinessWeek 10/27/2011
Linked Articles
Volcker to Push Back on Banks' Trading
Wall Street Journal 02/13/2012
Volcker Rule May Lose Its BiteWall Street Journal 09/22/2011
The lack of funding and powers for the European Fiinancial Stability Facility to deal with future crises. EFSF lacks adequate funding and power to buy bonds of troubled eurozone countries including Italy and Spain. Other issues that remain unresolved A sense that the EU leaders are a step behind each developing crisis and have not wrapped their hands around the whole problem.
Linked Articles
Wall Street Journal 08/08/2011
The Euro Crisis: Big Rescue, Big DoubtsBusinessWeek 07/28/2011
Linked Articles
Italy Seeks to Spur Growth, Narrowing Gap With Peers
Wall Street Journal 07/18/2011
Italy Needs a Growth RenaissanceWall Street Journal 06/24/2011
The Autonomy acquisition charge of $8.8 billion announced by CEO Meg Whitman on Nov. 20, 2012, come at a time of declining sales and margins in its printer and PC businesses. The costly charges on bad acquisitions by H-P is likely to hurt investment in R&D for years.
Linked Articles
Hewlett's Loss: A Folly Unfolds By the Numbers
New York Times 11/20/2012
Chief Reboots H-P After ScandalWall Street Journal 02/18/2011
Linked Articles
The Rise of the Permanent Temp Economy
New York Times 01/26/2013
The Youth Unemployment BombBusinessWeek 02/02/2011
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