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The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

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Applebaum talks to two researchers at the University of Chicago and Princeton, Prof. Sufi and Prof. Mian, on the record of U.S. president Obama and Fed chairman Bernanke in helping homeowners facing foreclosure and underwater borrowers, comparing that record with their record in helping the banks. The issue is relevant as the policy and handling of homeowners had to be part of an overall effective plan for recovery in the U.S. economy, because ultimately without the U.S. consumer any recovery would be weak in the long run- a situation the U.S. faces in early 2014. The response to the issue of irresponsible homeowners borrowing beyond the limit without an equally robust response to irresponsible bank management that allowed wildly excessive leveraging of assets, and successful aggressive lobbying by banks in a shortsighted policy of going through with a wave of foreclosures; besides creating questions of fairness and equitable handling of the problem, also had major ramifications for the future of the U.S. and global economic growth. Here Christina Romer and other administration advisors say Bernanke was right in tackling the problem from the perspective of the banks needing to be recapitalized. Thoughtful advisors looking at the entire problem, Martin Feldstein and Sheila Bair strongly pushed for providing the same help to homeowners without getting caught up in the issue of who was responsible home buyers or the banks, and looking at the interests of the U.S. economy and the U.S. people. Proposals by Feldstein and Bair were equally robust in helping banks as they were in helping homeowners, only the banks understood their interests narrowly and had more access to policymakers in the Bush, as well as the Obama administration, Paulson as well as Geithner. This leaves us with the ultimate irony of the Obama administration pushing for the minimum wage, even to the point of electoral posture, when lasting damage had been inflicted on homeowners from the weaker portions of America's middle class by a policy that went against what two respected financial and economic experts from the Reagan period, Sheila and Bair had strongly advocated. See links and groups on Feldstein and Bair. Applebaum has followed most aspects of this problem closely and continues to provide exceptional reporting including the piece on the thinking of new Fed chairman, Janet Yellen. Private enterprise rules that require management at banks just as for other companies to take responsibility for failures, and be replaced with new management, was largely avoided leading to a fundamental failure in how a free market economy such as the U.S. and western European economies are supposed to function. Rules aggressively pushed by Geithner's mentor Treasury Secretary Rubin for a vigorous cleanup at banks in South Korea during a similiar situation in 1997, were not followed in any way here, also setting wrong precedents for the long run.

Mian and Sufi show negative effects of the lack of a comprehensive plan that included homeowner rescue of the Obama-Bernanke Financial Rescue in 2008-2011

04/15/2009

Professors at Princeton and the University of Chicago have demonstrated through their research that the lack of a comprehensive plan providing siginificant efforts to help homeowners has hurt the U.S. economy in the long run and delayed a recovery. With the middle class already reeling under one trillion dollars of student debt, high unemployment, stagnant wages, and retirees facing interest rates near zero, a weakened middle class was further affected by the lack of strong efforts on the homeowner side to balance aid to banks. This makes a consumer driven recovery that much more difficult and prolongs the pain.

Grouped Articles

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Geithner, Staying on Script

New York Times 05/17/2014

The Ripple Effects of Rising Student Debt

New York Times 05/24/2014

From President Obama, Economic Clarity but Little Courage

Washington Post 04/15/2009

Book Review: 'House of Debt' by Atif Mian and Amir Sufi

Wall Street Journal 05/29/2014

The New Rules of Borrowing for Homes, Autos and College

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2014

Criticism of Bernanke's role at the Federal Reserve

01/02/2009

The difficult renomination and the subsequent 70-30 vote with 30 Senators opposed including Boxer, Feingold, Sanders and others. This follows Ron Paul's criticisms in Congress of the Fed's role- see that link group.

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Martin Feldstein: The Federal Reserve's Policy Dead End

Wall Street Journal 05/09/2013

Bhidé and Phelps: Central Banking Needs Rethinking

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Fed Chairman’s Departure Casts a New Light on the Bush Legacy

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Wanted: A Boring Leader for the Fed

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The Fall of Summers

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What's Needed in the Next Fed Chief

New York Times 09/15/2013

Nobel Prize winner Vernon Smith and researcher Gjerstad on the causes of the global financial crisis of 2008 and why Bernanke got it right

04/06/2009

Grouped Articles

From Bubble to Depression?

Wall Street Journal 04/06/2009

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Years of Fed Missteps Fueled Disillusion With the Economy and Washington

WSJ 08/26/2016

Raghuram Rajan on the risks to the U.S. economy and society before the 2008 financial crisis

01/02/2009

Is Bernanke making the same mistake made by Greenspan by keeping interest rates too low for too long. Would a stronger safety net in the US ease pressures on the US Federal Reserve to do excessive monetary easing and instead allow the Fed to let a more natural rise in employment take place? He isn't ideological and joins John Taylor, George W Bush's economic advisor, and Allan Meltzer of Carnegie-Mellon, in questioning Bernanke's excessive monetary easing. In 2005, Rajan was prescient in questioning the Greenspan Fed's policies and the risks from excessive leveraging in the financial system at the Jackson Hole conference.

Grouped Articles

Mr. Rajan Was Unpopular (But Prescient) at Greenspan Party

Wall Street Journal 01/02/2009

Interest Rates: The Zero Percent Solution

BusinessWeek 08/25/2010

Tom Keene's Econo Chat

BusinessWeek 11/04/2010

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Charting the Economic Fault Lines

BusinessWeek 02/10/2011

Ben Bernanke's '70s Show

Wall Street Journal 02/05/2011

Geithner after the first year of the Obama administration.

01/02/2009

Interview with Al Hunt of Bloomberg. His views and reflections on the crisis and proposals.

Grouped Articles

The Great Consolidation

New York Times 05/16/2010

Charlie Rose Talks to Timothy Geithner

BusinessWeek 07/22/2010

A Stress Test for the Latest Bailout Plan

New York Times 02/14/2009

Obama, Geithner Get Low Grades From Economists

Wall Street Journal 03/11/2009

Geithner's Plan: Loopholes Galore

BusinessWeek 04/01/2009

Book Review: 'Stress Test' by Timothy F. Geithner

Wall Street Journal 05/12/2014

Geithner's close contacts with Goldman, Chase, Citigroup and BlackRock.

01/02/2009

Grouped Articles

The Great Consolidation

New York Times 05/16/2010

A Conflict in Geithner's New Job- Not Exactly

New York Times 11/18/2013

Obama, Geithner Get Low Grades From Economists

Wall Street Journal 03/11/2009

Obama’s Ersatz Capitalism

New York Times 04/01/2009

Geithner's Plan: Loopholes Galore

BusinessWeek 04/01/2009

Book Review: 'Stress Test' by Timothy F. Geithner

Wall Street Journal 05/12/2014

Steve Bartlett of the U.S. Financial Services Roundtable

07/15/2011

Bartlett heads the lobbying efforts to make changes to the Dodd-Frank financial reform legislation.

Grouped Articles

Banks' Lobbyists Help in Drafting Financial Bills

New York Times 05/23/2013

Obama Presses Regulators to Finish Financial Rules

Wall Street Journal 08/20/2013

Volcker Rule to Curb Bank Trading Proves Hard to Write

Wall Street Journal 09/10/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Wall Street Lobbyist Aims to 'Reform the Reform'

New York Times 07/15/2011

A Dodd-Frank Retreat Deserves a Veto

Wall Street Journal 07/20/2011

Financial regulatory reform and lobbying by the U.S. financial industry.

01/02/2009

The extensive influence of lobbyists for the banking industry in the Obama administration The cozy relationship of bankers at Chase and Goldman with Rahm Emmanuel, White House chief of staff, and Geithner, the Treasury Secretary.

Grouped Articles

Banks' Lobbyists Help in Drafting Financial Bills

New York Times 05/23/2013

Wall Street Meets Reality

New York Times 12/27/2011

Trench Warfare: Send In the Deputies

New York Times 04/16/2010

Whose Side Are They On?

New York Times 04/18/2010

The Power Behind the Throne at the Federal Reserve

New York Times 07/31/2013

Obama Presses Regulators to Finish Financial Rules

Wall Street Journal 08/20/2013

Home Affordable Modification program (HAMP) of the Obama Administration

06/12/2009

The large failure of a program launched by the Obama administration to reduce home foreclosures in the U.S. Only $1 billion of the $75 billion estimated for the program when it was launched in 2009 has been spent. Only 680,000 of the 2.7 million homeowners seeking to participate received loan modifications with lower monthly payments.

Grouped Articles

Letting Bankers Walk

New York Times 07/17/2011

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

High Default Rate Seen for Modified Mortgages

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Plunge in Home Sales Stokes Economy Fears

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Mortgage Program Pans Out

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Fannie’s and Freddie’s Foreclosure Oversight Questioned

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The U.S. federal mortgage loan modification program in 2010.

06/12/2009

The dim prospects for mortgage loan modification programs of the Obama administration. Two out of three loan modifications under the federal Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP) program expected to fail, and the failure under HAMP to move quickly by dealing directly with homeowners.

Grouped Articles

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

High Default Rate Seen for Modified Mortgages

Wall Street Journal 06/16/2010

Debt's Deadly Grip

New York Times 08/21/2010

Obama Successes Outweighed by Job Losses

New York Times 10/26/2010

State Attorneys General Take Helm in Mortgage Mess

New York Times 10/29/2010

Failure to stem foreclosures under the Obama administration continues inaction under Bush administration.

08/24/2007

The failure of the Obama administration to break the cycle of foreclosures begetting falling house prices begetting more foreclosures, further weakening the banks and the economy, with strong action. It continues the missteps of the Bush period and may undo much of the good work in other areas such as stimulus, restructuring the auto industry and new priorities. Inaction here is coupled with inaction in relation to insolvent banks and is likely to prove costly.

Grouped Articles

Letting Bankers Walk

New York Times 07/17/2011

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

Fannie’s and Freddie’s Foreclosure Oversight Questioned

New York Times 10/19/2010

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

Foreclosures in the U.S., the homeless and poverty.

01/05/2009

About 10% nationwide and 15% in the midwest of people who are at homeless shelters are there because of foreclosures according to social service agencies.

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

U.S. Poverty Rate Stabilizes

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Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

Upward Mobility Has Not Declined, Study Says

New York Times 01/23/2014

New Data Muddle Debate on Economic Mobility

Wall Street Journal 01/24/2014

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Martin Feldstein and other experts renew their call to stem the decline in house prices with a new policy for homeowners under water - 2010-2012

01/05/2009

The cost would be an estimated $350 billion to cancel some of the mortgage debt of homeowners. Feldstein says this is a necessary step to revive the U.S economy. Letting the forest fire of foreclosures burn itself out would damage the U.S. economy further. Feldstein says this is not an option.

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

As Foreclosures Surge ...

New York Times 05/04/2009

How to Stop the Drop in Home Values

New York Times 10/12/2011

Wealth gap in the U.S. between whites and minorities- devastating impact of the recession of 2008

01/05/2009

Hispanics and blacks counted housing equity as a much bigger part of their assets than whites. The recession and financial crisis of 2008 wiped out fully two thirds of the median net worth of Hispanic families and one half for Black families, with both groups having close to $6000 in total median net worth in 2010, according to data from Pew surveys.The recession has proved to be severe in its impact on minorities, and the election of a black president has done little to improve things- especially considering the dismal record of the Obama administration in helping prevent foreclosures.

Grouped Articles

Racial Wealth Gap Widened During Recession

New York Times 04/28/2013

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

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Obama, Empathy and the Midterms

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The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Economic Recovery Yields Few Benefits for the Voters Democrats Rely On

New York Times 05/19/2014

Geithner Book Reveals Consensus, Not VIsion, During Financial Crisis

New York Times 05/21/2014

The homeowner lending boom pushed by unscruplous elements turns out to be a scourge for minorities.

10/11/2007

HUD Sec. Shaun Donovan calls the subprime lending a scourge for minorities, as foreclosures are hitting the minority neighborhoods the hardest. It may even widen the disparity in incomes between minorities and whites as the middle class black homeowners in places like New York State are losing ground.

Grouped Articles

Racial Wealth Gap Widened During Recession

New York Times 04/28/2013

What would MLK say to President Obama? - The Washington Post

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A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Economic Recovery Yields Few Benefits for the Voters Democrats Rely On

New York Times 05/19/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

The state attorneys general in the U.S. and the subprime lending and foreclosure crises and mortgage settlements.

12/08/2009

Federal regulators and the Bush and Obama administrations failed miserably to help homeowners achieve loan modifications. This with the false belief that putting homeowners out of their homes would actually speed up a recovery, considering the huge scale of foreclosures in the USA , the high unemployment and other problems hitting the economy. Feldstein's consistent arguments for homeowner relief throughout 2008 and 2009- considering the large number of homeowners under water- as the mortgage crisis unfolded, were ignored by the Bush and Obama administrations. See the comparisons to Japan's lost decade, as the lack of recovery in housing adds to problems with job losses. The lawsuits, legal action and mortgage settlements facing banks as they make their way through the mortgage mess.

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

Fannie’s and Freddie’s Foreclosure Oversight Questioned

New York Times 10/19/2010

Banks Keep their Mortgage Litigation Reserves a Secret

New York Times 01/16/2014

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

BP’s Cuts May Wound Portfolio Recovery

Wall Street Journal 02/04/2015

Negative equity and near zero down payments as the major causes of U.S. foreclosures and the housing crisis, more than subprime loans.

01/05/2009

Research showing that negative equity and zero down payments are the biggest cause for surge in U.S. foreclosures.

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

The Bubble Is Back

New York Times 01/05/2014

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

J.P. Morgan Loosens Terms for Jumbo Mortgages

Wall Street Journal 08/05/2015

New Evidence on the Foreclosure Crisis

Wall Street Journal 07/03/2009

One in Four Borrowers Is Under Water

Wall Street Journal 11/24/2009

Rising U.S. Foreclosures take on crisis proportions deepening the economic downturn.

08/24/2007

Foreclosures in 2008 hit 16% up from 6% in 2007, and in an accelerating trend if unemployment hits new highs.

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

Fannie’s and Freddie’s Foreclosure Oversight Questioned

New York Times 10/19/2010

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

As Foreclosures Surge ...

New York Times 05/04/2009

U.S. unemployment and foreclosures- 2011-2012

05/04/2009

Grouped Articles

A Toxic Subprime Mortgage Bond's Legacy Lives On

Wall Street Journal 09/13/2013

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

As Foreclosures Surge ...

New York Times 05/04/2009

Foreclosures: No End in Sight

New York Times 06/02/2009

Questions of fairness- could the U.S. have done more to help homeowners facing foreclosure? (1)

04/04/2009

Considering that Fannie and Freddie had paid back $185 billion of the $186 billion in aid from the U.S. government by 2013 and taxpayers were fully protected, could the U.S. U.S. government have done more to help homeowners as proposed by Sheila Bair, then head of the FDIC, economist Martin Feldstein, and others. What is the right balance between homeowner protection and protecting taxpayers in a properly functioning democracy? Is a Consumer Protection Agency which protects future homeowners a sufficient response, with little to show for millions who faced or went through foreclosure. How does this affect economic recovery as some sections of the population face a longer time to recover and income disparities worsened? What does this say for risks from future crisies and market behaviours?

Grouped Articles

Mortgage Program Pans Out

Wall Street Journal 12/31/2013

Fannie’s and Freddie’s Foreclosure Oversight Questioned

New York Times 10/19/2010

Geithner's Bank Plan Is a Good Start

Wall Street Journal 04/04/2009

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bankrupt Housing Policy

New York Times 05/19/2014

As Foreclosures Surge ...

New York Times 05/04/2009

Sheila Bair at the FDIC lauded for her anticipation and comprehensive approach to the banking and credit crisis.

04/30/2008

Officials at the Bush administration credit Shelia Bair of the FDIC for anticipating the credit and banking crisis way ahead of others and for developing a comprehensive approach to tackle it.

Grouped Articles

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Bair Proposal Seeks Government Loans To Aid Homeowners

Wall Street Journal 04/30/2008

Agency Floats a Proposal to Help With Home Loans

New York Times 05/01/2008

The Housing Abyss

BusinessWeek 06/26/2008

IndyMac Reopens, Halts Foreclosures on Its Loans

Wall Street Journal 07/15/2008

FDIC Presses Bank Regulators To Use Warier Eye

Wall Street Journal 08/19/2008

Edward DeMarco, head of the U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency and underwater mortgage borrowers in the U.S.

08/31/2011

The Federal Housing Finance Agency was formed in 2008 by merging two existing regulatory agencies and given additional powers. Later that year Fannie and Freddie were taken over by the U.S. government. FHFA acts as the independent regulatory agency for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. FHFA's head, Edward DeMarco, sees his mandate as protecting the taxpayer from losses and this leads to reluctance to support steps to help underwater mortgage borrrowers with reduction in payments. Sheila Bair, former head of the FDIC, says she understands its not the FHA's mandate to provide fiscal stimulus, and the Obama administration has been all over the place in its policies for troubled homeowners. The result of the muddled policies of the federal government and agencies is the lack of help for troubled homeowners, and larger headwinds to Fed policies to give the U.S. economy momentum.

Grouped Articles

Big Job: Agency Oversees Half of Nation's Mortgages

Wall Street Journal 05/02/2013

Fannie, Freddie: Can't Live With 'Em, Can't Live Without 'Em

Wall Street Journal 05/04/2013

The Case Against the Bernanke-Obama Financial Rescue

New York Times 05/16/2014

Federal Housing Administration in the Black for First Time Since 2011

Wall Street Journal 11/18/2014

An Accidental Housing Chief Embraces the Power of 'No'

Wall Street Journal 08/31/2011

Big Banks Face Suits on Mortgage Bond Losses

Wall Street Journal 09/03/2011


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