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Hon Hai to Raise Workers' Pay
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Hon Hai has about 800,000 workers. About 400,000 are employed in the southern industrial town of Shenzhen. After a number of worker suicides (13 people have committed or attempted to commit suicide in 2010 so far), the company has announced that it will give 20% raise to its workers. Workers at one plant in Longhua are paid 900 yuan or $132, the legal minimum wage in Guangdong province, though many workers work overtime at 1.5 times the standard rate. The company is secretive about its activities and uses the trade name of Foxconn. It makes personal computers and other products for Apple, HP and other companies. The company uses a military style discipline and it is reported that there is excessive stress in working conditions.
Apple and working conditions at factories of suppliers in China 2010-2014
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Changes in China's factories in 2010-2013. Changing manufacturing.
01/05/2008
Conditions at Hon Hai and a strike at Honda are part of a changing picture of worker dissatisfaction with wages and discipline at Chinese factories. The period of low prices and worker discipline of the kind that prevailed for several decades of industrialization appears to be closing. The Chinese government is also having second thoughts as America and Europe are no longer the growing markets they used to be, and as it weighs a policy shift to domestic consumption.
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The situation in Guangdong province, Shenzen and other export focussed regions in China- 2008-2014
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The rise of a manufacturing sector based on low wages, migrant workers, lax pollution controls, and export demand, is hit by the decline in demand from the U.S. and Europe with slow economic growth and deficits, worker discontent and rising wages, and stricter environmental enforcement. Growth in the manufacturing secotr in Guangndong provice is estimated at 3.5% for 2012, half the overall growth rate in the province and many manufacturers from Taiwan are closing down older plants that can't compete. Experts in China call for a new type of industrialization baded on technology, R&D and worker training that can compete in the new situation of a resurgence of manufacturing industry in the U.S. and Europe.
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Andy Grove brushes off talk of sending technologies and jobs much needed at home to China, with the talk he hears of "a China strategy." He doesn't see how an America with high paying jobs and mass of unemployed could work. He says American companies have failed to scale up, the way Intel did in the seventies. For every Apple employee there are 10 employees in China working on Mac's, Iphones, and Ipads. The idea of manufacturing as not important is misguided and he would like to see America rebuild its industrial base.
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China's migrant workers.
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The situation for migrant workers before and after the crisis, and after stimulus efforts.
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Workers at Hon Hai, Honda, and other companies in China struggle for higher wages.
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Apple products at manufacturing plants in China and at retail stores in the U.S.- low worker pay and lack of future prospects
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The high margins for Apple achieved through a combination of keeping costs low- even at the risk of providing poor wage and working conditions for the majority of employees employed in the retail stores in the U.S. and in supplier Foxconn plants in China- and by a grasp for innovation and technology. The paradox of a well deserved image for pioneering in technological innovation and the indifference to working conditions and prospects for employees who add value in manufacturing and customer interface. This model of growth is a recent development, put in place after 1997. In 1995-1997 Apple was nearing collapse under Michael Spindler and Gil Amelio, as documented by WSJ technology reporter Jim Carlton in his book- "Apple- The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania, and Business Blunders." Steve Jobs returned as CEO in 1997 and set the future course and this model in place emphasizing design, his ability to grasp technologies that would appeal to customers, and hired Tim Cook to set up the manufacturing which had high rate of defects and higher costs. The model was as full of paradoxes, of genius combined with mediocre behavioursas the man Steve Jobs. Tim Cook has responded to criticism in 2012 by having the Fair Labor association audit Foxconn plants in China. Foxconn increased wages in 2012, shifted plants to the interior of China, and increased use of robotics.
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