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As Romney Advances, Private Equity Becomes Part of the Debate
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The risks to the Romney campaign in the U.S. Republican primaries after his work at Bain Capital comes under scrutiny. In the 1994 Senate election in Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy defeated Romney by focussing on the loss of jobs at companies acquired by Bain Capital. Kennedy's television advertising showed employees at Ampad who lost their jobs after a takeover by Bain Capital. A study by Stephen Davis of the University of Chicago, John Haltiwinger of the University of Maryland, Jos Lerner of Harvard, Ron Jarmin and John Miranda of the Census Bureau; looks at 3,200 buyouts between 1982 and 2005. It shows private equity firms shrinking the number of employees by about 6% more than other firms in the first 5 years. It also shows the firms largely offsetting the job losses through the firms that succeed and are expanded with new employees. This study does not look at a longer time frame. A recent examination of buyouts by Bain Capital over an eight year period by the Wall Street Journal gives a better picture because some of the firms went into bankruptcy during the 8-10 year time frame. Many of the jobs added are in the retail sector with lower wage levels- at Sports Authority, Staples, Toys R' Us, and Michael's for Bain Capital.
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Bain Capital originanted the the merging of management consulting with private equity, for consulting firms to take equity ownership in companies seeking a turnaround. The practice of loading the company with debt, and taking out capital for the investors through a sequence of policy actions, even if this led the company to bankruptcy, became the hallmark of this kind of investing. In most cases this led to large layoffs, was adverse to building human talent in the company, as it was designed solely around generating large and early payoffs for investors. Goldman Sachs was the private equity partner for Bain Capital in the Dade company investment.
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