LyrArc Article Gist
Li Keqiang, China's new premier, entered Peking University in 1978 by excelling in merit exams. Li and a fellow student, Yang Baikui, translated the English book "The Due Process of Law" by British jurist Lord Denning. Professor Gong Xiangrui, brought the book to China and educated his students in the ideas of constitutional law and western liberalism. Yang says Li learned English on his own and meticulously carried a stack of notecards with English on one side and Chinese translation on the other. Li would study the cards while waiting for a bus or in the line at the school cafeteria. Li has political discusions with students from that time, some of whom joined the pro-democracy demonstrations of 1989. He is the son of a mid level county official from Anhui province and moved in the party ranks through diligent effort. Li's doctoral thesis is in economcs and he is expected to focus on economic changes, with Xi Jinping, the new president, taking the lead in making changes to the political system. Fellow students from Li's days at Peking University say the difference between them and Li is the pace of democratization, with Li looking at it as a longer process. Recent articles by Li Keqiang on economic change show his emphasis on urbanization as a way to improve agricultural conditions with a smaller number of farmers improving producitvity in agriculture, and the importance of creating a better social safety net for people in China....

LyrArc Article Gist
The shadow economy is about 24% of Greece's economy, according to a study at the University of Chicago. Unreported income is $28 billion or 15% of GDP. The Greek government of Antonis Samaras is taking new steps to tackle this problem. New regulations allow customers to go without paying if service providers refuse to give a receipt for the transaction. Restaurants will be required to post the regulation in their menus. Doctors, lawyers and other service providers will have to follow the new rules.

LyrArc Article Gist
A history of the founding of fashion retailer Inditex in the town of La Coruna, Galicia, Spain. The very low profile of the company in the small city of La Coruna and the reticence to talk about its success of the company's founder and its senior managers.

LyrArc Article Gist
Groupon, the online coupon service, showed a net loss of $2.98 million for the third quarter of 2012. Revenue growth from gross billings increased by only 5% in the third quarter with slow growth in Europe. Shares of Groupon closed on Nov. 8, 2012 at $3.92, down from the $20 IPO price of Nov. 2011.

LyrArc Article Gist
McDonald's has its first drop in same store sales since 2003, with a 1.8% decline for Oct. 2012. McDonald's faces more frugal consumers who are eating out less often, increasing competition from Burger King, Wendy's and other food stores. McDonald's also face difficult conditions in the eurozone with 40% of sales revenue and profits coming fom Europe.

LyrArc Article Gist
Hispanics are moving inland from California and other states bordering Mexico in search of new opportunities in midwestern states. There is a large increase in Hispanic population of states in the midwest- in Iowa, Nebraska, Minnesota, Indiana and Illinois. Population of Hispanics has grown in the midwestern states of the U.S. by 49%, much higher than the 4% overall population growth between 2000 and 2010, according to the census. The population climbed sharply in Iowa, by 82% in the decade, making Hispanics 5% of the state population. Cities such as Ottumwa, southeast of Des Moines, have seen revival in the economy as Hispanics moved into the town and revived local businesses, creating new demand for retail stores like Wal-Mart and Menards. Hispanics often worked two shifts including work at the local Cargill meat packing plant. Small towns and cities across the midwest suffering from recession are being revived with the new influx of hardworking Hispanics.

LyrArc Article Gist
The dangers of a second term as president in the history of the U.S. The difficulties and sometimes disastrous experiences of Adams, Jefferson, Grant, Wilson, Truman, Nixon, Clinton. Truman's popularity rating dropped to 22% during the last years of his second term. He was largely ignored when he left office, as was president Hoover. In addition there is the lame duck effect in the last two years when little in the way of new initiatives are undertaken and the president merely continues in office to finish up his term. Missteps are common- Jefferson with the blockade of trade with European powers, Grant and corruption scandals, Wilson with a tragic effort to get public support for the badly designed Versailles Treaty having a stroke, Nixon and Clinton with the impeachment process for the Watergate and the Lewinsky scandals, Truman's missteps in the Korean War and the firing of Gen. MacArthur leading to precipitious drop in ratings.

LyrArc Article Gist
Romney received the vote of 6 out of 10 seniors, and a majority of the over 40 age group. He did poorly with the 18-29 age group. He received only 8% of the black vote, 29% of the Hispanic vote and 25% of the Asian American vote. Republicans did well in the 2010 elections for the House of Representatives showing that a decent support from minorities and a sense of caring for ordinary voters including younger women is part of the winning mix for Republicans. The sharp positions on immigraton taken by Romney hurt him with Hispanics. His work at Bain Capital and perceptions about caring may have hurt him further with minorities and young people, creating a skewed picture in the national contest compared to contests for the House, Senate, and for Governors.

LyrArc Article Gist
Juan Williams says 4 million new Hispanic or Latino voters were added to voter rolls in the U.S. between 2004 and 2008.

LyrArc Article Gist
This editorial in the WSJ after the U.S. presidential election is critical of extreme positions on immigration in the Republican party. It reminds readers that George W. Bush won 40% of the Hispanic vote with some passable Spanish and a friendly attitude on immigration, Romney managed only 29%. It says supporting immigration is a natural position for Republicans because most immigrants are culturally conservative and hard working. It call deportation in large numbers morally wrong and not workable. It also comes as immigration from Mexico is down significantly and many Hispanics are returning to Mexico. Hispanics suffered from the high unemployment in the U.S. following the 2008 crisis making it less attractive to come to the U.S. Growth is also increasing in Mexico with a large middle class and a falling birth rate.

LyrArc Article Gist
The lack of funds at the end of the primaries and an extreme position on immigration taken to win close primary contests left Romney with serious problems as he entered the fall presidential elections in the U.S. The Obama campaign sensed the weakness, especially that Romney's new fund raising effort would leave him short of campaigning time in key midwestern states and short of funds to match an attack on his Bain Capital record. The attacks in these states in radio and television advertising created voter unease with Romney compared to Obama about caring for people like themselves. This proved a decisive factor and was hard to overcome say experts.

LyrArc Article Gist
The difficulties faced by U.S. presidents in their second term, making the second term look different from the first, with difficulty getting talented individuals to join and stumbles in policy or actions. The stumbles by Roosevelt in cutting spending at the wrong time, in trying to stack the Supreme Court with his choices as justices, the scandals of Watergate and the the Lewinsky affair for Nixon and Clinton, the accumulating financial bubble under George W. Bush and deregulation failures, and a similar lack of progress for other presidents. A particular problem in the U.S. is the election cycle that makes the incumbent president a lame duck by the beginning or middle of the third year as the country moves on. By the third year of Truman's second term the country had moved on and the fatigue effects were felt in the country. By the time he leaves a president is quickly forgotten- president Adams quietly left town as Jefferson took over with stark differences between the two; Truman quietly left for Independence, Missouri, as Eisenhower took office; Hoover left office to go into obscurity and a sense of failed policy as Roosevelt took over. Woodrow Wilson was very sick during the last years of his second term a fact not known to the rest of the country. In most situations the world and the country has moved on, the aura of an incoming president in his first term is gone. Most of the successor policies to shape the future, organization and creating a talented core of support are taking place during the second term and lame duck period of the existing president, with a new vision of the future being shaped and new realities anticipated....

LyrArc Article Gist
An account in the NYT of the events after the first U.S. presidential debate in Oct. 2012 that helped Obama recover his footing.