LyrArc Article Gist
Roger Scruton on John Stuart Mill, famous British writer on political economy and theory. Mill's books include On Liberty, and Principles of Political Economy. Mill followed his father's political philosophy, which his father acquired from Jeremy Bentham, who developed the theory of Utilitarianism. This theory's main point is stated briefly: "that action is right which promotes the greatest happiness of the greatest number." Scruton critiques Mill on the 200th anniversary of the birth of John Stuart Mill. He says that Mill's writings and ideas still dominate jurisprudence in the English speaking world. As for example the idea expressed in "On Liberty," that the purpose of law is to protect the will of the individual, and the concept of harm. If one person's actions do not harm another person then the law should protect the individual to act and speak as he chooses. Other writings are Principles of Political Economy, which expresses liberalism in its modern sense. A liberalism where the state steps in to help and assist in equitable distribution of resources and opportunites to all people within the framework of "On Liberty," which sets maintaining individual freedoms as an aim of good government. Even though Scruton is right in saying that wisdom is deeper and more valuable than rational thought alone, Mill's thought processes for that build on and expound on Adam Smith in Principles of Political Economy may be right for his time. Especially considering the problems of Charles Dickens Victorian England, of industrialization, poverty and so on, and this because they were the wisdom of the time. The same thinking taken in a different context, distorted, with different labels in the 20th century, (socialist state that destroys individual rights) gave rise to many evils but they have little to do with the author and his context of Victorian England. Wisdom may very well suggest that the state overreached and in some cases destroyed freedoms and economic wealth in recent times, and now is in a moral vacuum when it comes to social issues like raising of children, society, etc. In each situation the best approach appears to be to look at each situation in its own special context and background, and history, to find creative and human solutions.