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Cost to reduce global warming to 1.5 degree centigrade goal set for climate change is estimated to cost $131 trillion. $116 trillion would be for electrification, new technologies, rebuilding electricity networks, efficiency. $24 trillion needs to be redirected quickly from fossil fuel investment to investment in reducing climate change by investing in other energy sources. 

The danger lies in 2.7 degree centigrade warming of the planet by the end of the century.

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It calls for balancing it, taking into account tradeoffs and people's lives in 2025 after the pandemic, cost of living, health and housing vs net zero and speed of net zero targets. Opinion in UK on Net Zero cutting emissions changed over 4 years to split 50-50 on other spending priorities social care immigration NHS, in a focus group of The Times of London. In 2025 40% want to spend less on cutting carbon emissions net zero, large numbers favor more for NHS, then social care, policing and education in equal importance, followed by social housing. 

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In group cultural trends among younger buyers. How different trends in the culture get formed and how they shape the culture and the minds of diffrent demographics and especially younger buyers. Here its about a novel "Hotter than Hell" about a war between Canada and the US over fresh water after a global warming catatrophe.The book became popular after the new Canadian Conservative government minister of the environment's madennegative comments.The effort of the new Harper government to distance itself from the Kyoto protocolsalso helped the book.

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Room for Debate in the New York Times is a running commentary on the news. This is a type of format for opinions of experts on issues in the news, which invites readers to comment. Instead of an article or blog with comments, a range of expert's opinions are presented first before readers are invited to comment, in the hope that readers have a chance to look at the issue from different angles before expressing themselves. Two recent issues were nationalizing the banks, and this one on states setting their own fuel efficiency standards.

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Heeding Pascal is the best bet, words from Welch on global warming issue. Instead of taking sides how should business respond. It makes sense to do what Welch says. Now does this apply to other issues such as Hybrid cars how aggressively should one push hybrid technology. There are many aspects including that of image of being first in new technologies and being environmentally conscious, all of which can help in marketing. But hpw many will be sold? It depends on the price of gasoline? Again one will never know for sure what the price of gasoline will be just as one is not sure of global warming. But its a safe bet that companies that push these technologies will be in the best position in the years ahead even as prices of gasoline fluctuate.

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This report in the New Yorker provides a good glimpse at the problems of global warming and limiting climate change goal of 1.5 degrees centigrade. Sally Ann Ranney co-founder of the American Renewable Energy Institute answers questions from the New Yorker magazine. Limiting climate change warming of the planet to 1.5 degrees centigrade by 2100 is a goal enshrined in the Paris Agreement. In the absence of this the global warming would be 2.7 degrees centigrade by 2100. For this 1.5 degrees centigrade goal to be reached fossil fuel use and carbon emissions have to be cut by 50% by 2030 and 100% by 2050. 

The ice pack in the Arctic is part of a planetary cooling system and its accelerated melting is a good sign of the danger the planet faces. Ranney answers a number of these questions.

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The global stocktake was set for 2023 at the 2015 Paris Climate Accords. This measures the progress towards limiting climate change warming to to 1.5 degrees rise in temperatures. The 2023 stocktake at COP28 Dubai shows the goal is elusive and the earth is at warming by 2.5 degrees Celsius, with the climate change action of industry and public participation flagging. The pandemic has worsened the financial ability of poorer countries to handle the transition to clean energy, even as it has caused serious floods and fires. The major oil companies are also not investing as needed.

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This report confirms in a fact check that 15% of the global greenhouse gas emissions worldwide come from livestock farming. This includes dairy and meat.

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US president Biden sees a bigger push for renewables as the right approach to the shutoff of supplies from the war in Eastern Europe, seeing it as part of the COP26 Glasgow push to check global warming. The US oil industry sees an expansion of fossil fuels, including natural gas during the crisis. 

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March 2022 was the hottest month in India for 122 years since records began. It was also extremely dry. Scientists say such a heat wave with temperatures reaching 50 degrees centigrade in April and May in India, "would have been extraordinarily rare without the climate crisis." They say it has a 1% chance even with current global warming.

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Biden makes a rousing speech to workers and worker families at the AFL CIO campaign rally in Philadelphia. He tells them when he thinks about global warming or renewable energy he is thinking of jobs for union workers, when he is thinking of chips and science he is thinking of jobs for workers and union workers, all in the USA. What trillions of dollars in investments mean is jobs for decent workers, working families in the US, jobs with respect for hard work and dignity. And trillions of dollars that come with deficit reduction because of the super wealthy paying their fair share just like everybody else, not 8%, less than schoolteachers pay, firefighters pay. "What this all means for you is a simple proposition. And I remember having this discussion with you, old buddy. When I think global warming I think jobs. Jobs, jobs, jobs. Good paying union jobs. Jobs you can raise a family on. Jobs you can't outsource (applause) that can't be outsourced." ...

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To limit global warming to increase in temperatures by 1.5 degree centigrade by 2030 requires 2019 global emissions of 52 billion metric tons to come down to 25 billion by 2030. If China continues to use coal the way it now does till 2030 as is expected today it will continue to have the 2019 carbon emissions of 14 million metric tons or more than half of global carbon emissions from about 27% today. Vice premier Han Zheng China's top climate and energy official has reversed course from his earlier admonition in September to "curb resolutely the blind development" of high emissions coal projects. After wide blackouts in Chinese cities and power cuts to factories in the past couple of weeks the new priority Zheng says is "increase coal supplies by any means necessary." Coal provides power to 56% of China's heavy industry. Chinese localities have 104 gigawatts of top priority coal power capacity planned more than what is installed in Japan and Russia. ...

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In the context of president Trump's statement that the Paris accords if fully implemented would have "a tiny, tiny impact," BBC News points out that it refers to a Massachusetts Insititute of Technology study by scientists in 2014. That study did not include all the commitments made in the Paris talks, and does not carry the improvements forward beyond 2030 assuming that things level out with no improvements. It then came up with the figure of two tenths of one degree Celsius as the improvement by the year 2100. When the MIT scientists corrected these assumptions after the Paris accords in 2015, they stated that 1 degree of Celsius improvement would be achieved with the Paris accords and all countries working together on the planet. Scientists contacted by BBC News, including Prof. Hohne who works with Climate Tracker that tracks greenhouse gas emissions, say this 1 degree Celsius reduction is the difference between dangerous levels of global warming and tolerable levels. ...

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Efforts by China's climate envoy at Glasgow COP26 and US envoy John Kerry to build cooperation between China and the US on climate change. This happens at the end of COP26 talks and after president Jinping missed the Glasgow summit. Xie says China will work towards "concrete plans" for "finalization of the Paris Agreement rulebook." The US China agreement is not specific on details but includes arranging regular talks, and also a focus on curbing methane gas emissions which can produce immediate results in reducing global warming. The US and over 100 countries signed an agreement on methane gas emissions control. 

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Queen Elizabeth's voice is heard on the microphone before a meeting of the Welsh parliament: "We only know about people who are not coming to the Glasgow Climate Change Summit, its very irritating that they say but they don't do." China had promised to peak coal use by 2030, and help achieve reducing global warming under Paris summit goals. This looks like a remote possibility today as China faces blackouts and factory closings from reducing coal use.

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The Guardian looks back at 2023 and covers the work of scientists from US, Germany and Brazil showing the damage. NASA scientist James Hansen tells The Guardian that with the current stage of politics and inaction on climate change young people in the world need to take over. Scientists at the Japan Meteorological Agency measured temperatures at 0.53 degrees centigrade higher than the global average 1990 -2021. This was higher than the previous high reached in 2016 of 0.35 degrees centigrade. Over the long term the world is considered to be 1.2 degrees hotter than preindustrial times, by experts. Included is the report "Hothouse Earth" by the Potsdam Institute of Climate research and other experts on the speed of the global warming.