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The decision to let the soccer game go on between Atalanta and Valencia ion the Champions League in San Siro Stadium, Milan, accelerated the spread of coronavirus says this report in terh WSJ. Practically the whole town of Bergamo moved to Milan to watch the game for a home team. Italian dfoctors say there was a surge in coronavirus cases two weeks after the game on February 19. The virus then hit both Spain and Italy.  New York also went ahead with games with Madison Square Garden putting 100,000 people through its doors, having not received government guidance to stop. It was not till March 12 that game locations and stadiums were shut down. Doctors in infectious diseases say this was a distinctive amplifier, mass gatherings of people spread the virus quickly, especially one as contagious as this one. This report says in early January the coronavirus arrived from Munich, and in mid-February was still based on rumors about its spread in Lombardy, Italy, so that authorites were lax about it, not understanding the threat being faced.  ...

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Asymptomatic people infected by coronavirus are acting as spreaders of the coronaavirus making it more essential than ever that everyone wear masks. This is a widely accepted practice in Asia- wearing masks to prevent others from getting a virus. This now needs badly to become the practice in the U.S. and Europe. The longer it is delayed the worse the crisis can get and the longer it takes to eradicate it. Even low grade cotton masks are useful as is the practice in Asian countries. It is now part of the new guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control in the U.S. This needs to be adopted as safe practice everywhere.

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Telemedicine is becoming normal and  extremely useful during the time of the coronavirus epidemic. Hospital systems are increasing its use in the U.S. Europe, and Asia.

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Coronavirus testing is taking off in the U.S. for the first time after the U.S. Federal Drug Administration relaxed testing regulations on February 29, and as more universities and hospitals develop their own testing technology and apply it. The FDA has approved more than 15 tests and many more are awaiting approval. 

This includes UC Davis, Washington University School of Medicine, Brigham and Women's, Harvard Medical School, Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City, centers that are running the tests limited only by the shortage of reagents supplies.

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Maps of U.S. coronavirus by state as of April 1, 2020, that reached 189,000. How coronavirus is surging worldwide with 75,000 added on March 31 to reach 874,000 coronavirus cases detected worldwide. China's numbers have not included coronavirus cases that are asymptomatic. 

China continues to see coronavirus cases with 166 new cases on March 31, showing that it public health authorites have to be vigilant about a restart of the epidemic once it comes under control.

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The asymptomatic coronavirus infected people are a large fraction of the people with coronavirus. This is a huge problem as these people unaware of the danger are unwittingly spreading the virus. This is one of the most unusual aspects of this virus compared to other virus epidemics, and why it has become so dangerous. It is also why social distancing alone is not enough. Strict enforcement of stay at home orders by public health authorites, state and federal governments is essential as the unwitting spread by asymptomatic people who are not following the required guidelines is a huge problem.  Even as the public now calls for stricter action the lax behaviours in March in U.S. Britain, France, Germany, and in Italy in February, have created a population of infected people that acts as a backlog for testing, creating a surge in April. One of the novel features of this public health crisis is that lax behaviours stemming from a lack of understanding of the severe contagiousness of the coronavirus is making it a larger crisis on a scale not encountered before.  The contamination potential of this virus is only now being tackled with experts in fluid dynamics at labs such as the MIT Lab in the U.S. looking into how it can contaminate environments, as shown on BBC News.  With pieces of the contamination puzzle only now being put together. Heeding public health expert warnings and guidelines is all the more essential for this reason. ...

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President Trump has listened intently to Dr. Fauci and Dr. Brx of the White House team led by Vice President Pence, as he shapes policy decisions on tackling the epidemic. The White House team met again March 30 to see the data  about the coronavirus impact without lockdown and strict social distancing measures extended to April 30. Following this Mr. Trump extended the lockdown till April 30, 2020. This WSJ report shows how Mr. Fauci has forged a relationship with the president at a time of public health crisis. Dr. Fauci wins the respect of Democrats and Republicans, and the American people for the work he has done against epidemics, the valuable experience gained and how he is bringing this experience to the current crisis. It is also true that this is a team bringing different strengths and with mutual respect for each other- the calm demeanor and grip on data of Dr Brx, the experience of Dr. Fauci fighting epidemics for 30 years, the patience and hard work of Vice President Pence, and the president's fighting spirit and listening skills. ...

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The situation in farms and orchards in the U.S. as growers face shortages of labor to pick vegetable and fruit produce. A special visa program provides U.S. farms for vegetable and fruit produce with agricultural workers from Mexico. In 2019 this program brought in about 268,000 agricultural workers from Mexico.This report looks at the effort of companies to ensure that agricultural workers are well taken care of. This includes delivery of groceries to limit trips to nearby towns, offering food trucks with prepared meals. Problems of overcrowded housing and lack of access to health care are problems that are being tackled. Some companies are reconfiguring field work for health safety, and funding overtime work at local health clinics.

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The WSJ provides an excellent guide to working at home, how to overcome the struggles and get some of the benefits from working at home. A large part of the struggles in working from home is not being able to unplug, and working like you are in an office. Working from office is different because of meetings and office distractions, and one gets less done, maybe 4 hours of decent work in a workday. So that in solo work one would say work 5 hours and accomplish what one would have done in 8 hours at the office.  At home consistently working 5 or 6 hours at a stretch can get a person exhausted and isolated.  Don't look at the clock for it to say 5 pm. Take breaks early, if one reaches ones limit or gets restless it is time to take an extended break or get outside for a walk, or do some stretches, yoga, or something else. Loneliness is another part of the struggles. Important to setup some video calls to make sure you get human interaction. Get some chance to refresh and talk to humans, get some interaction.  Leave stuff such as clearing inbox and less brainy tasks for the evening. Set top 3 priorities for the day or week so you have an idea of progress in a larger task. Time theming is a way to set aside certain days or time periods to get specific things done. Staying physically fit and mentally rejuvenated is the big challenge.  Exercize routines, stretches, yoga, meditation early morning, help keep ones mental and physical health. They are most important. They form the basis for the whole day and lay the foundation for getting things done. This is where the process sets the tone and helps get the best results. Once this is established one can let the ebbs and flow of work motivation and feeling ready to work happen, seeing them as natural, without concern that one won't get done what needs to be done to be effective. ...

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As the coronavirus crisis continues the YMCA and Catholic Charities, other organizations helping the poor, are hit hard. YMCA lost revenues of $400 million in April across its 2700 U.S. branches.

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President Trump extends the U.S. lockdown for social distancing till April 30, on the advice of health experts. China meanwhile resumes industrial production and schools reopen. Factories, offices and retail outlets were shutdown for 2 months nearly nationwide in China. The U.S. has a social distancing lockdown not a complete quarantine of hotspots such as New York, New Jersey. Mr. Trump planned to quarantine New York but faced opposition from the governors of New York and New Jersey, including possible legal challenges. U.S. governors have acted imposing travel restrictions to their states from hotspots in other places in the country, forcing people traveling to self-isolate, stopping vehicles with out of state license plates and asking them to stay away. The U.S. cases have jumped from 100 in early March to 143,000 as of March 28, 2020, and 2514 deaths, according to John Hopkins. New estimates from president Trump and his team of experts are for the peak to be reached by April 15, and recovery gradually taking place by June 1, 2020. Based on the timeline in China shown below the time from the first set of 27 cases by December 15 to March 28 when China's factories were back to work and schools reopened across the country, is a period of 75 days. Based on this president Trump's timeline of June 1 for recovery has some foundation. China quarantined strictly compared to the U.S. yet in the early days it had no warning which the U.S. had in particular from Italy. The Trump administration by extending social distancing and lockdown restrictions till April 30 without a strict quarantine of the East coast areas yet with states outside imposing their own restrictions for outsiders, is doing what other countries such as China, South Korea, have to control this epidemic. The first coronavirus case was reported on November 17, 2019 according to the South China Morning Post, By December 15, the number of cases had reached 15. On December 27 on a single day 180 cases were recorded and the Head of the Respiratory Department at Hubei Provincial Hospital reported this to health authorites in China, according to the South China Morning Post, based on data collected in China.   ...

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Innovative solutions from Indian Railways. The AC railway coach converted into an isolation ward that can hold 10 patients, complete with patient beds, bathrooms, and office for doctors.

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The man who has provided leadership in America for so many epidemics from HIV and H1N1 to coronavirus. Dr. Anthony Fauci is the short kid with a Brooklyn accent in this story in the WSJ, fighting battle after battle against epidemics. Character is built through many stumbles, and overcoming adamantine walls of difficulties. Dr. Fauci has shown this kind of resilience as he joins the president in the latest fight against an epidemic.

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The commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration 2017-2019 and the deputy medical director of its medical device center, give their thoughts on how to setup a sentinel surveillance system that would help tackle coronavirus and future epidemics. The idea is to track an outbreak in real time, with results sent to central labs so that outbreaks can be contained early and the surveillance operates to isolate affected areas for treatment and quarantine. High quality data from specific locations in real time and testing to isolate small pockets of infection, with rapid and reliable diagnostic tools are critical parts of this system.

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India closes state borders and stems the flow of migrants as it tackles the spread of coronavirus. The Home Ministry ordered states to effectively seal their borders. The whole country is in a lockdown and prime minister Modi says this is the only way to tackle coronavirus spread.

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India has learned lessons from past health epidemics- the plague Gujarat 1994, avian flu H5N1 in 2005-2006 Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, swine flu H1N1 Pune, and more recently MERS. The Indian Express looks at past epidemics, how they were tackled and what India learned from them. Major improvements in sanitation and hygiene since then and advances in medicine, public health.  Experience was gained. The municipal commissioner of Thane near Mumbai was district collector of Jalgaon during the avian flu epidemic. He used quarantine to restrict transmission of infected material. He shifted bus stands, closed weekly markets, and had health workers check symptoms in a 3 kilometre radius area. His message for today- have a contingency plan, track, test and treat people, stay focused, not panic, and know exactly what has to be done. Moving migrant crisis today was also seen in Surat, 1994, with the plague epidemic when migrant workers left the city. The government had to use paramilitary units in 1994 to quarantine the entire area. During these earlier epidemics the Indian Council of Medical Research and other medical organizations played a significant role. One of the lessons learned from the H1N1 epidemic that originated in Mexico was the need for effective surveillance and real time reporting so that the pathogen can be recognized in real time and tests done at labs to determine what it is, followed by effective response through isolation of region and patients. Dr. Pradeep Awate, Maharashtra's surveillance officer, says robust surveillance systems are important to understand the magnitude of the problem and strategically place resources. The strategies put in place for the Nipah virus in Kerala state by its Health Department in 2019 are the same ones now being used for cornonavirus - contact tracing and management of persons under quarantine. ...

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Lessons from an Italian family about staying fit and getting exercize during the lockdown within the home. The father is part of a running team in Rome. He has spent 18 days with his wife and teenage son at home already, as Italy remains in quarantine. He can't run the Rome marathon so he and his friends divide the 42 kilometres so that each person runs 1 kilometre at home. Other advice- plan your day carefully, stay in different rooms so its easier to spend a whole day, and the next day and the next together. do some hobbies, exercize to stay fit. 

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In his monthly television address called "Mann Ki Baat" prime minister Modi apologizes to Indians for the complete lockdown of the country. Modi said "for a a country the size of India we need strong measures. Nobody likes to take strong measures, but it is the only option, seeing other countries and learning that the disease must be dealt with at the beginning before it becomes incurable."  He cautioned that social distancing did not mean emotional or human distancing. Sympathy and cooperation are needed. He called frontline healthcare and sanitation workers "warriors" and "soldiers," and promised Rs 50 lakh (5 million) insurance for 20 lakh (2 million) such workers. He also commended the work of shopkeepers, drivers, bank workers and others to keep essential services running. Modi suggested now is time "to not go out, but to look within yourself. Try to know yourself." He gave examples of recovering doctors and workers, and of finding new hobbies. In coming time he said every Indian will try to break barriers for the country's development, once this crisis has passed. ...

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India has done well with low cost, scalable, low tech solutions in the past. This is also being done now to tackle the coronavirus. This is being used to support what may be the largest lockdown in history. Everyone is expected to remain at home. Only shops selling essential items such as food and pharmaceuticals are allowed to remain open. All but essential offices are closed, with workers told to stay home. Indelible ink that takes two weeks to wash away was widely available following the election. It is being widely used with high numbers of infections having the back of their hand stamped "Home Quarantined." After India announced a nationwide lockdown all wireless carriers were asked by the government to  insert a taped coronavirus health advisory that comes on after callers dial and before the call connects.Th recorded message talks about how to protect against the coronavirus. Prime time news shows are interrupted three times a day for back to back news conferences from the prime minister, and local officials.   ...

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Mr. Peter Navarro, 70, a key advisor to president Trump on trade and economic policy, is now the DPA policy coordinator.  Mr. Navarro takes on the presidential task force role of coordinating government-business cooperation with wartime powers under the Defense Production Act. Mr. Navarro says in an interview with the WSJ that he will take tough measures if necessary. Saying this is no time for delay, to hoard or price gouge, companies must move quickly or the government will clear the obstacles. "This is war. When there are bumps in the road, President Trump is going to knock them down immediately and unmercifully."  A California Economics professor Mr. Navarro warned about the virus and epidemics of this kind in a 2006 book. He now assumes this role after president Trump said about GM "always a mess," after long negotiations with GM leading to a shrinking supply of ventilators and government frustration. President Trump then used DPA powers to order GM to make ventilators and lined up 5 other manufacturers in 2 days. Navarro says he is following Trump time which he has in his office. This meaning he and the president will use the full arsenal of federal powers to get things done in record time.  ...