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Fears that the case of Prince Andrew could do real damage to the monarchy in Britain is leading to Commons debate led by the Liberals in parliament to take away his title of Duke of York and his residence at Royal Lodge.

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Glaxo's Dr Garnier talks with Jeane Whalen of the WSJ about his work, a lot about his committment to running a company not just for rich countries, that access is a very important word for him and his efforts to make drugs affordable or even free or close to free depending on the country's standard of living, his 24-7 day handling the Avandia issues, and the innovative drug pipeline he has put together over the years.

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WSJ Editorial Board on the Media's obsession with "Results" for the XI-DJT meetings when mutual respect and understanding was a key goal achieved. China's goal was clear from the start. It was that the US would recognize China for its achievements in manufacturing and infrastructure, in science and technology in the last 100 years. General Joe Stilwell who was the leading American in China in the first half of the 20th century, FDR's man in China, and who had a deep affection and attachment for the Chinese people and culture. Stilwell could not have been more gratified by the presence of the American president in Beijing after the struggles China has seen in his lifetime against the Japanese invasion and the struggles inside China for the road to industrialization in the second half of the 20th century. 

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See the president address the nation on his 50 years in office, and handing the torch to a new generation, to younger voices.

"Benjamin Franklin was asked whether America will be a monarchy or a Republic he said ; 'A Republic if you can keep it. If you can keep it.' "

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British MP and former minister in the Tory government resigns in a lobbying scandal for violating British parliamentary standards on lobbying. This report in The Guardian says he was found to have lobbied the government on behalf of two companies that were paying him over 100,000 pounds a year. Boris Johnson, Britain's prime minister initially supported Patterson but lacking support in parliament and with a backlash from his party's MP's decided to let parliamentary standards authority decide on Mr. Patterson's future. Lobbying in the US and Britain has resulted in a distortion of the national priorities. This is particularly true of the US where priorities in health care and providing access to reasonably priced pharmaceuticals, climate change shift away from fossil fuels, regulation of the internet companies, worker wages, and other issues critical to building a healthy nation are neglected with lobbying for support of members of Congress. ...

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The head of India's leading information technology company WIPRO, Abidali Neemuchwala,  says he took the risky path by choosing an assignment to South Africa when his peers were heading for the United States as engineers. That assignment gave him a chance for higher level activities, better perspective, and ways he could stand out.  He tells how these early experiences helped shape him for the job he has today.

The best way to tell when one is taking a risky path, he says, is when all your peers are not looking at doing what you have chosen to do. Its different, and it has made all the difference for Neemuchwala. In 1994 South Africa was entering the Mandela era after Apartheid, and presented something very different from the United States. Mr Abidali chose this risky and different path, with new opportunities as well as a leap into the unknown. 

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Cara Buckley provides this intimate look at Garrison Keillor, host of Minnesota Public radio show "Prairie Home Companion." This is a Keillor who is quite different from the person people know from the radio show. Keillor finds release during the show using his imagination about a town he has made up called Wobegon. Strangely, in his own life Keillor is a very private person keeping his thoughts to himself and not saying much. Keillor is 73, and now plans to retire after about four decades hosting this show with music and tales about Lake Wobegon. At its peak the show had 4.1 million listeners in 2006, dropping to 3.2 million today. It is thought of as a homespun quaint, country stories show, yet it can touch on current issues such as the NRA and the gun lobby in a recent show, and builds on its bond with its audience.

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Harvey Mansfield, a colleague of Mr. Wilson on the Harvard faculty, says in his tribute to him- Wilson never attempted to be more than a professor even though his ideas were widely respected, as if Wilson wanted to show by example and that there was nothing higher than setting an example.

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As corporate America takes stock of the damage it finds on April 12, 2020-

270 companies have draw on existing credit lines or added ones for a total $221 billon in new debt.

100 companies furloughing 3 million employees.

Unemployment insurance claims filed by 17 million people.

Airlines, retail and automobiles some of the worst hit industries.

President Trump acted quickly on April 11, to save the oil and gas industry by negotiating cuts with OPEC+ so that oil prices do not collapse at the opening of markets on April 13 from the price of $22  barrel. He also pledged to save Boeing.

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French president Hollande's approval ratings dropped to a new low of 12% in a survey by TNS Sofres. In 2013 Hollande's approval ratings dropped to 26% before increasing to 30% after the Charlie Hebdo terrorist attacks in Jan. 2015. The recent terrorist attacks, France's high unemployment rate, his appearance of being indecisive, and the new labor law, have increased Hollande's unpopularity. As a result his colleague in the Socialist Party, prime minister Manuel Valls, now plays an important role in the administration. Middle class workers 35-49 years are the group where Hollande does poorly. Former president Sarkozy's rating never dropped below 30%. Compared to Hollande, Merkel of Germany has an approval rating that is far better at 54% and Obama in the U.S. of 56%. Merkel has achieved this following the differences in Germany over letting in large numbers of immigrants, and Obama after 8 years in office and differences in the Democratic Party on trade and economic policy. Trudeau in Canada has an approval rating of 63%. ...

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Who is Ed Whitacre? What is he like and where is he from? Ed Whitacre headed Southwestern Bell or SBC, which he merged with AT&T. Bored as a retiree in San Antonio after leaving AT&T, he took the job at GM. He golfs, wishes and hunts with his chocolate Labrador retriever at a ranch near his house in San Antonio. He is impatient by nature and likes to see things done. Managers who worked with him at Southwestern Bell say while they were working on day to day business, Whitacre would be the one thinking ahead, trying to figure out how to compete in the future, and the things that were likely to happen in the changing environment. For a smaller Bell he saw that it was simply whether his Bell would be acquired or whether he would acquire other Bell companies. He is a hands-on guy who like to do things himself, like running a bulldozer around his ranch, one of the things Whitacre likes to do. His beginnings are in small town Texas. The place is a sleepy railroad town called Ennis, Texas, where for 50 years his father was a locomotive engineer. Whitacre says his father had never finished high school, and he did not want Whitacre working for the railroad. Both his parents insisted that he get acollege degree. Whitacre went to Texas Tech in Lubbock, Texas, because the tution was only $75, and landed a job at Southwestern Bell in 1963 as a facility engineer. And he stayed with the company all the way- with 19 moves living in Texas, Arkansas, Missouri and Kansas- till it became the new AT&T. Frost, a retired San Antonio banker and a member of Southwestern Bell's Board in 1990 when Whitacre became CEO, says Whitacre started from the bottom, and literally, even climbing telephone poles. So it isn't surprising that this guy walks around the GM Renaissance Center, talks to GM employees, tries out a Taco at the Food Court at the Renn center (says its OK but not like Texas tacos), and uses all elevators like everybody else, unlike GM executives who equiped elevators so they could bypass floors. And he isn't hesitant to wear jeans and a sweat shirt while visiting a factory, which he says is all the clean clothing he had at the hotel. Now he has an apartment. Works 14 hours a day, 5-6 days a week, and has his phone ringing just when he hopes to leave town to escape for a weekend. ...

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Pope Francis takes an open attitude to listen before making up his mind in his meeting with Trump at the Vatican in May 2016. Landler and Horowitz describe the visit by Trump and his family including Ivanka, Melanie and Jared Kushner, accompanied by Tillerson and McMaster. The pope handed out rosaries and said before the meeting: "In our talk, things will come out, I will say what I think, he will say what he thinks, but I never want to make a judgement without hearing the person." 

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Ajami cites his own memories of Egypt's Gamal Abdul Nasser, who had a way with crowds and rhetoric in the Arab world, as giving him an insight into the way Barack Obama found his way into the American imagination as a popular leader in 2008. He points out that the coalition of black people who put their faith in him as one of their own, of white educated professionals who liked his cool image, of Hispanics who had hope for better immigration policies, and working class Americans who set aside reservations of elitism to give their support, was put together on the basis of hope and charisma and the uncanny ability of Obama to let himself be seen as all things to all people. Because of the way it was put together it was bound to come apart, particularly for a candidate without enough experience, says Ajami. The aloofness of the president, reliance on Congressional leaders Reid and Pelosi, and relying on a very small circle of advisors whose eyes were focussed on reelection, made this more so. He cites as one example, the controversial decision on Syria's chemical weapons made on a walk with chief of staff Dennis McDonough. Ajami gives a picture of how Obama may be seen from the outside, especially in the Arab and Muslim world- from Turkey and Egypt to Saudi Arabia- a sense of illusions. A European and particularly a German perspective also may have similiar sense of illusions about having gone for the ride and believing the image put out by image handlers. The lack of sensitivity to German sentiments about the tapping of chancellor Merkel's mobile phone- herself a former East German resident of the Soviet backed GDR- bringing this out. A similiar sense seems to have taken hold in Brazil, after Brazilian president Rousseff cancelled a trip because of lack of sensitivity to the tapping of her phone, as she is a survivor of brutal dictatorships in Brazil. This is ironically a full circle, as happens in these situations of euphoria encouraged by politicians inevitably followed by disillusionment, because Turkey, Germany and Brazil were some of the countries where enthusiasm for the new president was highest. More so because president Lula of Brazil, Merkel of Germany,and Erdogan of Turkey were leaders Obama seemed to relate to the most. This acts as a cautionary note for the future....

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This is an indepth article on Donald Trump's financial holdings, looking at the debt that Trump has built up in his real estate dealings, by Susanne Craig of the NYT. To get a detailed look of this the NYT inquiry into the holdings engaged RedVision Systems, a national property information firm to search publicly available data. Much of Trump's business is shrouded in mystery. But it is well known that Trump has used debt to build his business in a way that is not considered good practice in business, having led to three bankruptcies. Trump says he "is the king of debt." And "he loves debt." The recovery of real estate values during a rescue effort for the country's financial system also helped Trump tackle debt in a way that was not available to other entrepreneurs who suffered from the oil price collapse- one of them McClendon also used debt aggressively and his business collapsed leading to suicidal car crash. You can love excessive debt only if the government supports you with some sort of financial guarnatee misplaced, or you are lucky to get away with it- just ask McClendon. The irony is that the rescue of the financial system led to the low interest rates that hurt savings of the middle and working class, and the lack of help to Main Street in the home foreclosure crisis also hurt the same people disproportionately. The Obama administration policies in this regard rescued the very same business interests such as the New York real commercial estate symbolized by Trump, that are now appealing to those hurt as president Obama worked to let the financial system recover. The intention was never to support excessively overleveraged banks or overleveraged real estate built on debt, but in reality this is what happened. A nation cannot run its financial affairs in this manner of overleveraging to extract high profits that an investment bank such as Lehman or Goldman Sachs does, or a real estate company such as Trump's does- if regulators let them do this. Normally after the financial crisis of such dimensions that it shook the world economy in 2008-2009 leading to fears of a collapse as happened in the 1930's, the same faces would not still be there. But this is a strange period or a transition period where things are being sorted out, and the same faces Blankfein at Goldman Sachs and Trump in New York commercial real estate are with us.  And though the bashing of Goldman Sachs connection to Clinton is evident in the campaigns of Trump and Sanders, the bashing of Trump real estate and finance companies with its overleveraging and bankruptcies is evident in the campaign of Clinton against one posing as a representative of the working class. John Paulson who benefitted by shorting mortgage securities that caused the financial crisis of 2008 is on Trump's top economic advisory team, including the hedge funds and financial interests on Wall Street that Trump is saying support Clinton. No one, not the NYT or WSJ, can answer this, its just the paradox of today's situation. Hillary Clinton can say she has learned her lesson, with her Methodist upbringing and her own supporters such as Robert Reich and others, and break with the past especially as it in no way contributes to her success as president, not one bit. In fact rebuilding the middle class and infrastructure require entirely different connections and views on life, a different imagination.  Trump has billions of dollars and a real estate business that is so complex that even the NYT and property information firms can only say that in the end it is shrouded in mystery. Companies owned by Trump says the NYT from this inquiry have debt of $650 million. Other Trump business activities through 3 passive partnerships owe an additional $2 billion. It is a lot easier for Hillary Clinton to put the speech fees behind her as they have little to do with what she is as a Methodist and a proponent of improving women's lives, than it is for Donald Trump- for whom his business is everything that he is including his art of the deal- to reject who he is. ...

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 President DJT has several options after SC Tariffs decision -Sections 122 Trade Act of 1972 has 150 day limit and 15% maximum tariff rate, and Sections 232 and 301 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 is specifically designed for China and countries with high trade deficits. DJT pointed out at the press conference following the Supreme Court decision pointed out that he had these options at the beginning in April for tariffs. He chose IEEPA instead because the other options required work that would take several months showing the unfair treatment of the US by other nations. It is likely that the president used IEEPA for speed yet kept open the options to replace it with the option that would work best. The new studies will have been started much earlier in 2025 so that the president can introduce all his tariffs under new arrangements. Another aspect of this is that the president has negotiated Free Trade Agreements with most of the nations that are large trade partners from India, China, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan to UK, EU, Germany, France with the idea of boosting the US economy with tariffs of 10-15%. ...

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WSJ's Ben Worthen interviews Leo Apotheker of Hewlett-Packard. He talks about the resignation of four board members and the addition of five new board members, by citing a joke in the Swedish parliament in the sixties. In that joke one member of parliament says the best way to move driving on the left to driving on the right was to do it gradually. That is Apotheker's way of saying why it couldn't be done gradually. He says he doesn't let the propaganda about him by Oracle CEO Ellison bother him. What matters to employees is seeing him and talking to him, and he has gone on a round the world listening tour. He will focus on profitable growth, and he sees his industry in a technology transformation with the words "cloud" and "connectivity, that will change H-P. He sees the potential to do more in overseas markets, something his background from Europe helps him understand better. He would like to fill gaps in H-P's software capabilities and speed up bringing new products.

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This interview of Anderson Cooper is about his two books on grief and loss of family members and growing up in a family where his mother Gloria Vanderbilt who lived to 95 years was a well known name. Cooper prefers the privacy and doing stories from remote places such as the one on sexual violence in the Congo. Yet this is not what his work as CNN anchor is about. He says he keeps his head down and tries to improve his writing, interviewing and reporting and staying out of controversy or thinking about the business side of CNN's declining vieweership and management turnover till his time is up.

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"The whites are here to stay," a line in a paper prepared by Kissinger set the policies of the Nixon administration supporting Apartheid in Africa. NYT in this report on Kissinger points to his involvement of the US in the Angolan civil war on the side of South Africa as he did not understand the popularity of liberation movements. Kissinger was steeped in the Austrian and German politics of his original home country Germany from the Napoleonic period to 1914 covering Metternich in Austria-Hungary and Bismarck in Germany. He also failed to grasp the popularity of liberation movements in Indochina. As a result of these policies many many hundreds of thousands of lives were lost, which cannot be said of Secretaries of State before him. Jefferson, Madison and Adams, and Seward for Abraham Lincoln, Elihu Root for Teddy Roosevelt, Cordell Hull for FDR, George Marshall and Dean Acheson for Harry Truman, John Foster Dulles for Eisenhower, George Shultz for Reagan. Kissinger served only for 3 years and the lives lost are incredibly large. We think of Geroge Marshall and the Marshall Plan that rebuilt post war Europe, Seward's role with Lincoln in the Civil War, and Cordell Hull's fight for freedom of Asian countries including India under Gandhi.  And we can see why there are such strong opinions for Kissinger almost seeing Kissinger as a Napoleonic figure where power faced the hundreds of thousands of lives lost with complete indifference. There is the opening to China yet this happened simply because as a coincidence of events in China in 1970 after the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution led to Lin Piao incident and China seeking a connection to the US more than Kissinger's own policy or plans. David Sanger's account of his conversation with Kissinger simply says he just "shut up and took notes."  ...

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Everything you would want to know about the U.S. Mexico border wall and the migrants detained at the border with graphs from the BBC. The new Biden administration plans to use more technology for protecting the border with Mexico. A border wall existed before the Trump administration, some of it was extended and some of it was built in a new way.

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The stronger T cell responses in women that help them fight the coronavirus better than men.

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David Card and Alan Krueger with a study on New Jersey and Philadelphia restaurant workers in 1994 and their subsequent studies on minimum wage increases show no negative effects on unemployment of increasing the minimum wage- More discussion on this topic as Minimum wage increases to $22 an hour in 2026 in NY and California. Indrajit Dube of U Massachusetts says it all depends on how far one goes in increasing the minimum wage. At some point maybe $30 a week it could lead to restaurants deciding not to hire more workers. At 45 hours a week for 48 weeks an employe in the fast food industry at $22 an hour would make $47,520, and at $30 would make $64,800. The poverty level is set at $33,000. The problem with these figures is that the cost of housing is so high and automobile costs have risen very fast in the last 5 years. Housing in New York and Los Angeles is very costly compared to states in the midwest, in the south, and other states. Card's and Krueger's, Dube's studies show that retention is higher employees are more motivated leading to higher restaurant and fast food sales, happier customers, that could lead to more employment not less. Some of this is intuitive and one does not need an economist to tell one that. When compared to Britain's economic and social philosopher Adam Smith much of the accepted wisdom of what Smith said is selective taking what one wants and leaving out the rest, as Lahart shows here about minimum wage. As Adam Smith was  a keen observer of the social sentiments of society which he considered very important for British society, and for British civilization to flourish. For this reason he supported higher wages and the betterment of the lower classes, as Britain's example to the world. Card received a Nobel prize in 2021 for his experiments including his paper on minimum wage in New Jersey and Philadelphia. ...

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A Washington Post reporter tells why his reading list for 2018 has on it Winston Churchill's book "The Gathering Storm." A book suggested to him by Republican strategist Steve Schmidt. Authoritarian tendencies are evident in the interview with Schmidt of the NYT, including the idea expressed by president Trump that the Justice Department is something over which the president has "absolute rights." In a interview on CNN, Carl Bernstein, the reporter who covered the Watergate scandal of president Nixon, clarified that it was not just the break  into the Watergate apartments that led to impeachment of Nixon. Bernstein stated that it was the way in which Nixon used the powers of the presidency that led to the problems he faced.