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Other than president Milos Zeman and the UN people still call the Czech Republic, the Czech Republic. The alternative Czechia is not liked by Mr. Babis, the prime minister, and is not the chosen word in the U.S. and Europe. The old name was Czechosolvakia. In 1990 Solvakia became an independent nation, with the other country being the Czech Republic with the capital Prague.

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Thailand's prime minister, Yingluck Shinawatra's intervew with foreign journalists on Dec. 11, 2013. She says no one listens to people in the northeast and northern region of Thailand around Chinag Mai where most of her support lies. She was only 18 when her mother died and her older brother, a former prime minister, is seen by her as more of a senior figure. Protesters in Bangkok see her brother Thaksin Shinawatra, a Thai businessman in London as the one who runs the government's policies. The country is badly split between urban Bangkok and the rural regions in the north. The military ousted Thaksin in 2006 and protesters where shot in 2010 in a crackdown. The latest episode of confrontation between the two parties reflecting the two regions is a followup to this, as an amnesty bill was introduced by Yingluck which would let her brother return to Thailand. The interview was setup at an airbase outside Bangkok, as the country remains deeply divided and protesters occupy most of Bangkok....

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After 9 years in office and facing questions about immigration policy, cost of living, cost of housing and other concerns of Canadians, facing internal divisions within his own party, Justin Trudeau decides to step down as Liberal Party leader and prime minister on January 6, 2025.

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Lally Weymouth's interview in October 2013 with Tony Abbott, prime minister of Australia.

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Prime minister Renzi of Italy says he is determined to push through changes that will let entrpreneurs hire and let go employees as needed. He proposes an agency to handle retraining of employees no longer needed by firms. He points out that he respects the role of unions, but that the fate of the economy must come first before the fate of the unions.

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So far 40 Underground subway stations have closed in London and ridership is down 50%. Travel into and out of the capital continues as the number of cases shows a sharp increase. The government is taking measures as it monitors the situation.

By contrast Asian countries such as Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea with more experience and capabilities because of past epidemics have acted proactively. The approach in Europe has been gradual. Because social distancing played a key role in countries in Asia, along with the better capabilities for tracing and isolating patients through early testing, much depends on how this is implemented.

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Polls after prime minister Papademos assumed office show nearly three fourths of Greeks see his appointment as a "positive" step for Greece. The popularity of the Socialist party of Papandreou has suffered the most in public opinion. One poll shows only 11% of Greeks would vote for the Socialist party, compared to 21% for the New Democracy party. The New Democracy party has widened its lead over the Socialists.

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The original Times story on Richard Sharp, the BBC chairman, led to his resignation. It said the BBC chairman was appointed to the role by Boris Johnson in an improper manner contrary to the guidelines that require no conflict of interest in the making of the appointment. A sense that even an institution such as the BBC, with its increasing importance today as Britain, the European Union and the US make decisions on what sort of society to create for the future that best serves the interests of the people, is being upset in this important role by political meddling. 

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Pakistan faces need for new IMF loans of $6-8 billion, says this report in NYT. A new government assumes office with difficult economic conditions.

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Speaking to the Council of Foreign Relations in New York on Sept 26, 2012, Italy's prime minister Mario Monti showed his willingness to stay on as prime minister if the April 2013 elections lead to no clear winner, though he said he hoped there was a clear winner. Polls in Italy show established parties are being overtaken by newer parties with austerity measures and cases of corruption in Berlusconi's People of Freedom party. The result of voter dissatisfaction could be a fragmented vote between a number of parties across the political spectrum. Because the leadership of Monti in making the changes to restore Italy's competitiveness and economic growth is a necessary element of stability in the eurozone, this is considered to be very important for capital markets.

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On Canada's Justin Trudeau- looking back at his 10 years 2015-2025 mostly inherited the work of his father. He tackled Covid, improved childcare, tackled the renegotiation of trade with Republicans in the US, but lacked the major achievement of the 1970's of Pierre Trudeau setting up Canada as an independent state. The Washington Post looks at the political career of Justin Trudeau. He is the son of former prime minister Pierre Trudeau, a politician from Quebec, who was prime minister from 1968 to 1984 except for one year in 1979-1980. During that period Pierre Trudeau a lawyer practicing labour law in Montreal and educated at the University of Montreal had three significant accomplishments. Canada Act of 1982 passed into law by Queen Elizabeth and the British Parliament, set up Canada as a sovereign state. Prior to this only the British Parliament could amend the Canadian Constitution under the Dominion Act of 1867 under Queen Victoria. As a Quebeker Pierre Trudeau succeeded highly respected Lester Pearson as head of the Liberal Party, and held off the Party Quebecois's effort for separatism in the early 1980's. By 1981 the Canadian Supreme Court 9-0 rejected the Party Quebecois bills that conflicted with the Charter of Rights set up under the Canada Act which protected minorities in Quebec having education in English.   ...

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Matteo Renzi, recently elected chief of Italy's ruling Democratic party, is likely to be the next prime minister as current prime minister Letta resigns. Letta's administration had come under increasing criticism from business and public opinion about the slow pace of economic changes in Italy. Italy's 2 trillion debt, or about $2.7 trillion, at 130% of GDP, and the declining GDP with little or no economic growth, is a problem for the eurozone. At the current pace of economic change the IMF forecast estimates only 0.5% annual growth in GDP till 2018. Foreign direct investment 2005-2011 is about one third of the eurozone average, according to the IMF, and Italy has failed to attract foreign investment for the last two decades with its weak political system and lack of competitiveness. By comparison Spain has seen an increase in exports and increasing foreign investment as it positions itself for a recovery. The austerity measures adopted by the Monti and Letta adminstrations in 2011-2013 helped to improve confidence in capital markets and lower borrowing rates, however this is clearly not the answer to Italy's problems of slow or no growth in the economy for the last decade. This is the problem Matteo Renzi, the 39 year old Mayor of Florence, is pushing to tackle as the mood in the country calls for aggressive action. Renzi's economic advisor is Filippo Taddei, who has a doctorate from Columbia University. He says at the core the issues are about what kind of "productive identity" Italy should have. Taxation that promotes higher rates of business investment is needed to promote growth, and creating a business climate that encourages investment in human capital and new technology. Payroll and business taxes take up about two thirds of a company's earnings leaving less for investment. Renzi is planning to take the centre left Democratic party in a new direction, "the road less travelled," as he put it in a televised speech, with innovative solutions including pro-market approach. As a first step he negotiated a deal with former premier Berlusconi for electoral reforms that would give a party or coalition winning electoral support a strong mandate to make and execute policy, without being hobbled in the way previous administrations were in the post war period. Lucrezia Reichlin, former head of research at the ECB, and Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, a former member of the ECB executive council, are candidates to be the economics minister in the Renzi administration....

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Macron refuses to appoint the nominee of the National Popular Front which has the most seats in the National Assembly as the prime minister of France. 

NFP has Lucie Castets, a 37-year-old economist and director of financial affairs at Paris City Hall, as its nominee for prime minister.  Jean-Luc Mélenchon, the LFI president, a key part of the NFP, said Macron was creating an “exceptionally serious situation”.

Marine Tondelier, secretary general of the Greens, says Macron's action was “a disgrace” and “dangerous democratic irresponsibility.” Melenchon calls for censure of any other candidate that is put forward.