LyrArc Article Gist
How the Airbus 380 project went astray and fell apart, and how it was put back on track. The story in some detail how the French and the German engineering groups in Toulouse and Hamburg failed to work together. How the German group was working with poor design software and simply fell behind, leading to the collapse of the program and the failure to put the wiring of the plane which extended for miles. 300 miles and 30,000 cables, something the Germans had never handled before. They had struggled with simpler versions of Airbus and now they were totally unprepared for this. A German engineer, Fuchs in Hamburg, worked closely with the French, transferring German engineering groups to Toulouse. French engineers in Toulouse were more advanced in the details of the work and in software design under French engineer Carcasses. The other problem that the Germans faced was that their individual engineering groups were poorly integrated and did not talk to each other, accelerating the collapse of the project. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
This report in WSJ shows how people are adapting to coronavirus pandemic taking the long view and settling down with new arrangements that will continue into 2021. Some software engineers are shown redesigning their homes to setup offices for working dads and moms where they previously worked out of temporary arrangements in the home. Physicians used telemedicine in the early months of the pandemic. They still see patients only once or a couple of times a week in specially designed arrangements where patients stay in the parking lot till they their appointment and waiting rooms are largely empty. It is a season of deeper adaptation as people realize they are in this for the long run into 2021. Workers are setting up new routines and home offices, families are trying new rituals, and businesses are trying new ways to energize their employees, all with the objective of making it work in the long term. Though the economy has reopened office buildings are largely remaining empty, schools and colleges are remote teaching as cases are climbing with the daily average at 40,000 a week in the U.S. and over 70,000 in India each day. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
The Yucatan Rail Project being moved forward by Lopez Obrador in Mexico is shown here in the WSJ. It moved forward during the pandemic years 2020 and 2021 and connects the Yucatan cities by rail. Yucatan cities  including Campeche and Merida bring about 8% of the country's exports and 10% of the country's GDP. Modern rail at 99 mph would connect the cities in the Yucatan to increase industry and tourism to develop the south east of the country. This is similar to the projects on the Brahmaputra river in the northeastern parts of India that are being opened up by new infrastructure rail and bridges for industry and tourism. Both the Yucatan and India's northeast are parts of the country that have much potential and have investment needs that were not realized in the past by previous administrations. The environmental impact in the northeast part of India and for the bullet train in the western region from Mumbai to Ahmedabad were held up by environmental concerns. A similar situation has happened for the Yucatan Rail Project. Even when enough trees were to be planted to help Mumbai residents for its Metro construction also shown in WSJ, he project was held up for political reasons. The bullet train project after its delay for political reasons will now cost nearly double that it would have cost before. It is supported by Japanese aid at very favourable financial terms that pay for the project, including direct government aid and Japan's rail technology. It is now moving ahead in 2022.  Infrastructure plays a key role in developing economies such as India and Mexico, yet it requires resolute conviction and perseverance as much of the political setup as shown in Mexico leads to leakage of funds meant for infrastructure and very little being done at great cost to the ease of living of ordinary people. In Mumbai and other cities in India. The same is true for Mexico which at this time of the pandemic needs to bolster its spirits and move ahead with much needed development work to help people in all parts of the country. With the Yucatan Rail Project Mexico can move to the next phase with wind farms on the Yucatan out to sea, and solar energy projects that could with new technology be transmitted to other parts of Mexico and to the US. It is important to keep trying and persevere on these new projects and look to a brighter future. For Mexico US relations better living conditions in Mexico also relieves the burden of illegal immigration and problems related to it in neighborly relations. Mexican officials should increase contacts with Indian officials working on the projects in the Assam region and  along the Brahmaputra river, in Indian states in the northeast, to exchange ideas and notes to gain from each other's experiences in integrating regions that were previously not integrated into the Indian and Mexican economies. This is a topic to be added to the G-20 topics to be discussed at the next meeting in Bali, Indonesia, on November 15-16, 2022. For Mexico it is an opportunity to also widen its infrastructure work to learn from what India is doing in solar and wind energy and build collaborative efforts. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
Krueger and Posner, eminent economists, say the reason wages have stagnated in the U.S. with wages not having budged much over a decade 2008-2018, is not only because of globalization and automation as long term trends. They attribute this stagnation in wages to "monopsony power," or power American corporations have over workers because of their stronger bargaining position and because workers have few alternatives.  For most of this period 2008-2018 high unemployment as reflected by the people out of work and taking part time jobs or having stopped looking for work, shifted bargaining power to companies. The Economist magazine pointed out that workers have not shared in the profit and gains corporations made during this period. Here Krueger and Posner show additional factors such as non compete clauses in worker agreements that have depressed wages. Half of franchise agreements prohibit competition for labor. Outsourcing work to other companies that hire workers means these outsourcing companies have more power over workers than the original companies using the labor. Unions represent only 7 percent of private sector workers by 2017, compared to 35 percent in the 1950's, so that there are no mechanisms to counteract the greater bargaining power gained by companies vs. workers. The way workers have roots in the communities they live and the consolidation of employers into a few companies in a particular area, mean fewer options exist for workers.  Senators Warren and Booker and the anti-trust division of the U.S. Justice Department are in agreement on this issue of widespread use of noncompete agreements that is considered unlawful, says this report in the NYT, offering hope for a solution to bring a better balance between the rights of workers to fair wages and companies seeking profit for stakeholders. Issues about workers, lack of gains for workers, prevalent outsourcing, and the frustrations of labor with parties that had lost touch with their worker base- such as Labor in Britain, SPD in Germany, Socialist Party in France and the Democratic Party in the U.S. - have led to political upsets with support shifting to other parties. This has not led to significant change to improve bargaining power of workers to correct the imbalance that now exists between labor and companies, leading to calls for change. Eric Posner is a law professor at the University of Chicago law school and co-author of a new book "Radical Markets: uprooting Capitalism and Democracy for a Just Society." This book turns the popular notion on its head that free markets have produced the imbalances that hurt social cohesion and democracy, by saying it is precisely the suppression of free competition such as for labor that have created this unhealthy situation. This is true in other areas where monopoly power has developed in other parts of the U.S and European economies in 2008-2018, as also for distortions in capital allocation that hurt infrastructure and other public investment. Krueger is a professor of public affairs at Princeton University and former head of the President's Council of Economic Advisors in 2011 under Obama, showing that Democrats themselves failed to correct this imbalance leading to a shift to other parties and Mr. Trump, who also appear to lack ideas or solutions to this problem that affects social cohesion and democracy. This is contrary to the vision of American or European society of better opportunity for all shared by all Americans and Europeans for most of the twentieth century. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
Wang Huning, who has shaped the policies of three Chinese presidents, was a professor at Fudan University in Shanghai, before beng selected by president Jiang Zemin in 1995 to join the Communist Party of China's Central Policy Research office. The Policy Research Office provides research and guidance on foreign and domestic policy to China's leadership body, the Politburo. Huning was dean of the law school at Fudan, and head of its international politics department. He studied French at a foreign languages school during the Cultural Revolution upheavals in China, before going to Fudan University in 1978. Xi Jinping, the current president, was sent like many other Chinese leaders to work on a farm in the countryside during that period. In that same year 1978, Li Keqiang, the current prime minister moved to Peking University, after taking the first university entrance exams in 1977 following the Cultural Revolution. Li studied western constitutional law, later focussing on urbanization for his postgraduate work. Huning studied in the U.S. in 1989 and is familiar with the American system, western concepts of government and economy. His specialization at the international politics department was in comparitive politics- the systems of government of different countries- and he is seen by experts as having been a key influence in defining China's path making move to build a market economy under public ownership, seeing it possible for the two to work together. In 1991 Huning published "America Against America," critiquing the American political system and pointing out that in American democracy major economic decision making powers still rested mainly in private consortiums, with this acting as a constraint on political democracy. These ideas gradually evolved into ways to manage China in a world with alternative systems and political history. For Huning the question facing China was one of of finding its own workable model based on its history and experience, and need to manage the transition to a modern economy in a stable environment. Huning is now part of the Politburo and a candidate for a seat on the Standing Committe in 2017. At 57, he is expected to be part of the leadership for the next decade, having helped three presidents shape domestic and foreign policy, setting the direction for China's transition to a modernized economy and a political system that accomodates the needs of a new generation....

LyrArc Article Gist
Difficulties in New York Times reporting on prime minister Manmohan Singh, BJP opposition leader Narendra Modi, and on Indian politics and government. The misleading nature of an analogy to black people in the U.S. for Muslims in India, Muslims in British India. Or Muslims in South Asia going back to the 12th century with the long history and culture of Muslims in the region linking up with Muslim civilization in Iran, highly developed with their own languages and dominant in the region during different historical periods. Yet also in decline during some periods such as the British period because of rapid advances in science and technology.

LyrArc Article Gist
The Indian Civil Service, known as the IAS, Indian Administrative Service is playing a key role in the modernization and transformation of India. Names such as Mr. Parmeswaran Iyer, who headed the Swacch Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission) or Ms. Ashwini Bhide who heads the effort at transforming Mumbai with a new Metro subway system, are well known. Thousands of other IAS officers run the effort to transform the country. Before 2006 only 20% of women entered the IAS, today as this report in Indian Express shows 34% of persons entering the IAS through the UPSC exams are women, and the top scoring women candidates are women, setting the ground for the work in the decades ahead.

LyrArc Article Gist
Victoria Azarenka won the Australian Open tennis championships twice in Melbourne then lost in the first round of the Australian Open in 2018. She struggled for two seasons with a foot injury, personal challenges off the court and a child Leo in 2016. Her slump took her to 208 in the world rankings. She had to fight her way back- "I have never really learned to struggle before, so it's a lesson." She says it required hard work, and changing her mindset, conquering her anxiety to return to the semifinals of the Australian Open. Another approach that helped her was to be open minded and to try new things and see what happens.

LyrArc Article Gist
This Times editorial questions whether Mayor Bloomberg did the right thing in the manner in which he ousted protestors from Zucotti park in the financial district of New York city. Now that the protestors have been forcibly removed from the park, it is the responsibility of the Mayor to keep his promise to let the demonstrators continue their protest against income inequality, says the editorial. The concern is that the end of the protests at Zucotti park could end up quashing the entire protest movement, which serves to draw attention to serious issues in a democracy.

LyrArc Article Gist
Bill Keller is a former Editor of the New York Times. Here he says Obama missed opportunities to tackle U.S. deficit problems in his first term by tackling health care first, followed by his lack of support for his own presidential commission on the deficit led by Simpson-Bowles. He is now making similiar mistakes at the beginning of his second term by not embracing the "unpleasant choices" he talked about in his first inaugural address. By using scare tactics about the $85 billion sequester spending cuts, Keller says Obama is losing credibility, especially because the idea originated in the White House.

LyrArc Article Gist
The Paulson Plan for helping homeowners facing higher rates will help only about 250,000 homeowners with 800,000 foreclosures already ocurred and 3.5 million defaults expected from now till 2010, too litttle too late in the view of the New York Times editorial. Lenders who agree to better terms for homeowners face potential lawsuits from investors and Congress should protect the lenders from lawsuits with legislation. Only then can really effective terms be worked out for homeowners facing defaults and foreclosures. Another legislative measure for Congress is to allow homeowners to restructure their mortgages under bankruptcy protection.

LyrArc Article Gist
Puerto Ricans in the US react to the "island of garbage" comment made at the Madison Square Garden rally. 127,000 Puerto Ricans live in Philadelphia and 64,000 in the towns of Allentown and Reading in Pennsylvania. New York City has about 600,000, Rochester and Buffalo about 60,000 Puerto Ricans. Florida has about 600,000 people from Puerto Rico and 15% of Latinos in Orlando area are from the island.

LyrArc Article Gist
Total student debt in the U.S. passed the figure of $1 trillion in late 2012, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the federal agency recently created. This figure is about 16% larger than an estimate made earlier in 2012 by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The surge reflects increasing numbers of people going back to college to get new skills in a faltering job market. Tution increases with cuts in state funds to colleges mean larger loans need to be taken. Another factor is that about 25% of borrowers are behind in payments, resulting in higher interest payments, according to New York Fed data. Experts say this could delay the recovery in the housing market, as potential home buyers take longer to build up funds for a down payment. Parents are co-signers on some loans for children and professional changing careers are also taking loans, creating larger effects of rising student debt.

LyrArc Article Gist
Isaacson's new book on Musk says Musk's story is a cautionary tale. The compulsion to be drama magnet or mean are not prized traits, say others.  More sinister (the hell) is celebrating a culture that does not respect the need for worklife balance, of respect for nutrition and exercize for good health. Musk's methods which he calls "algorithm", a word known more for obscurity than meaning, are nothing new. For years as the US, Japan and China, now India have innovated there is a focus on simplifying things, and to do this questioning the existing way of doing things by breaking down the existing method into pieces and reorganizing the pieces of the puzzle leaving out unneeded pieces. What is the key to his success as it was for Jobs at Apple is creating a culture in which people would invest in and take risks for innovation at the high end of the price spectrum. Jobs used design and new stuff like the iPod and iPad, iPhone to do this. Musk does this through playing the role of a social media icon but a dangerous one that does not respect worklife balance and good health habits of nutrition, exercize and mindfulness. In processes this can give you a process that takes less time and money- how India's moon mission and rover Chandrayan 3 was done for $78 million showing these work practices of Musk are nothing new, and universally adopted by successful companies and nations. Newer ask your employees to do what you would not do, is also adopted by the best managers. By turning it into a mantra it obscures the fact that America today is a country of massive inequalities where two thirds of 4th graders cannot pass ACT reading test and half of retirees have zero savings, working people and families face a cost of living and health crisis and are badly neglected. How does it help to role model as an icon and popularize a culture that tolerates and accepts such conditions that would leave men deeply troubled, including America's leaders Washington, Lincoln and FDR if they were alive today. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
The first voter tests on DJT's first 100 Days in office and a series of executive orders will take place in two Florida Congressional seats and a seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court. Mike Waltz's Daytona Beach seat was won by 30 points yet the new Republican candidate Fine is polling 3 percentage points behind a Democrat. Waltz was picked from Congress for National Security Adviser. Elise Stefanik will retain her upstate New York seat as the math in Congress is too close 215-213, a small 5 person lead for Republicans. DJT needs the House to pass his agenda.

LyrArc Article Gist
Jacob Lew, U.S. Budget Director under president Clinton and under president Obama, is Obama's chief of staff. He guides the negotiating team for the Democrats in the "fiscal cliff" negotiations with Republicans. Colleagues describe him as thorough and meticulous. He negotiated with Republicans in 2011, running into problems with Republicans and Speaker Boehner, who saw him as inflexible in the negotiations. Lew is a son of Polish immigrants living in Queens, New York, and participated actively in Democratic causes from his student days. This time the lead negotiator is Treasury Secretary Geithner. Lew was an aide to Democratic Speaker Tip O'Neill. In 1983 he helped O'Neill in negotiations for Social Security legislation when Reagan was president. In 1997 he helped negotiate an agreement with Republicans to balance the budget under president Clinton.

LyrArc Article Gist
Non farm payrolls are up by 261,000 and the U..S. unemployment rate drops to 4.1% for October 2017, according to the Labor Department. A broader measure that takes into account Americans who are in part time work having difficulty finding full time work was at 7.9%. Yet wage growth remains sluggish. Inflation with food and energy cost inflation after the hurricanes taken out remains at less than 2% below the Fed target, to the surprise of Fed chairwoman Yellen and new chairman Powell.

LyrArc Article Gist
Microsoft CEO, Satya Nadella, is intervewed by Shira Ovide of the WSJ. Compared to Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, Nadella has a quiet demeanor. Responding to a question about how he made it from heading R&D for the Bing search engine to the CEO position, he says what helped him most was working in different jobs at Microsoft with different contexts and challenges, including a mix of some where success was achieved and some in which it was much harder. The experience of people in his management team is similar. He says his sense of being an outsider while being an insider is something he always had in him, and something he now encourages as a CEO. Reading outside of work is his only rule, and this may help him maintain some distance from work to think like an outsider. His preference is literary reading not common among senior managers- T.S. Eliot's poetry. Taking some off from work for medical leave or other reasons, is something he supports, especially from his own experience needing such leave as a 29 year old at Microsoft....

LyrArc Article Gist
Contrary to a lot of what is written Mr. Bolsonaro has regained popularity in Brazil with a new poll showing him with an approval rating of 37% (Datafolho), and a sharp drop in disapproval ratings. Bolsanaro has pushed for keeping lockdowns to a minimum and reopening the economy. Brazil has a large informal economy making it very difficult for people  in lower income situations dependent on work to survive. The aid of 600 reals a month ($110 a month) for the coronavirus relief is making him popular with aid recipients and the poor. 

LyrArc Article Gist
Pat McFadden is Minister for Inter-Governmental Relations. He says Keir Starmer wants to see migration numbers fall after it was shown that net migration to Britain was 906,000 in 2023. The number of migrants crossing the Channel is reported to reach 20,000 since Keir Starmer became prime minister on July 5, 2024, a period of 5 months. This shows Labour under Starmer is serious about migration and appalled at Conservative administrations not walking the talk. Caps placed under David Cameron to cap at tens of thousands were not followed. "Targets haven’t worked very well. We’ve got things we were saying about this in terms of getting net migration down. I don’t say targets don’t work in any circumstance but numerical targets on migration have not had a happy history in recent years." “But we do want legal migration to come down, we do want to train more of our own workers, we do want to get more people off welfare and into work.” The ebbs and flows of the economy and Britain's needs, culture and integration, always legal migration- this is policy for Britain under Keir Starmer and Labour. ...

LyrArc Article Gist
Governor Cuomo's budget for New York in 2011, at $132.9 billion, is 2.7% less than the prior year. Cuts to medicaid and local school aid, each amount to $2.85 billion This helps close roughly half of the budget gap of $10 billion.

LyrArc Article Gist
A New York Times/CBS poll shows 69% of Americans polled between March 21-25, 2012, feel the U.S. should not be involved in a war in Afghanistan. This is up from 53%, in a poll only 4 months before this poll.

LyrArc Article Gist
In this exceptional piece Galston says institutions such as Johns Hopkins University in the Baltimore area have to do more to integrate their activities with the city in the way Carnegie Melon University and other institutions helped revive Pittsburgh. Pittsbugh suffered a hollowing out of manufacturing with foreign competition, population decline and unemployment reaching 17%. It suffered economic decline in a way that happened in Detroit over the last decade. A concerted effort by the city's political, economic and nonprofit leaders is credited with making Pittsburgh one of the most livable cities, and reviving industry around new innovation. The unemployment rate in Pittsburgh is 5.4%. Galston acknowledges that Baltimore is 63% black, and Pittsburgh 26%, yet race is not the only factor, and Galston points out the need for Baltimore to work diligently to build on its educational and medical technology assets to build a new future for the city.

LyrArc Article Gist
With about one fourth the population of California Michigan has done approximately 100,000 tests, compared to about 213,000 in California. This is about twice the rate of testing in Michigan- with the help of the U.S. government- compared to testing taking place so far in California. The lack of aggressive testing in California could also mean there is a lot that remains unknown about the extent of the spread of coronavirus in California. 

That Governor Newson ordered New York to shelter in place on March 19, 3 days after the stricter stay at home order in France on March 16 requiring a document to show police to go outside, shows California like the rest of the country was not that much different. Beaches were packed in California on the weekend of March 15. A lot remains unknown at this point about the spread of the virus. The urban sprawl areas in Michigan are as hard hit as Detroit.

LyrArc Article Gist
Climate change risk is being balanced with cost of living and other risks. David Bailey of the Bank of England says climate change risk is alive and well at the Bank even though the Net Zero Banking Alliance (NZBA) has seen withdrawal of banks such as Chase and Barclays to avoid criticism during DJT's second term. 

“We do, of course, have to put climate risk into proportion alongside all the other risks. We can’t focus just on one risk … But we’ve got to focus on climate risk. It’s important. And we continue to maintain the momentum of our work in that space.”