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A major shift in public opinion happened between 1990 in the public's perception and tolerance of gay people and gay marraige. Support for gay marraige in Journal/NBC News polling shows young people, especially people 18-34 year old, were leading the way. In this group support for gay marraigne increased from 47% in 2009 to 57% in 2012, going up to 74% in March 2015. The increase is also shown in suburban residents, political independents, Midwesterners and Hispanics. A key factor in the change is that many people now know of one person in their work or personal lives who is gay. Technology, television and internet media also helped changed attitudes. In 1990 7 of 8 Americans said sexual relations between the same sex were wrong. In 2004 only 3 of ten Americans supported same sex marraige. A vote in Maine shows the dramatic shift- in 2009 same sex marraige was rejected by 53%, in 2012 53% approved it. The change in attitudes is faster than happened for miscegenation, which took 30 years after the Supreme Court ruled against anti-miscegenation laws to reach a point where a majority of Americans approved marraiges between black and white people. The Supreme Court's 5-4 decision on June 25, 2015, now makes gay marraige legal in all 50 states, and strikes down bans in Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Yet there are a significant number of Americans who do not favor same sex marraige especially in southern states such as Texas, Kentucky, South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama. A Pew Research Center poll shows 73% of white evangelical Protestants do not approve of same sex marraige. Other groups who do not favor same sex marraige in the Pew polling are conservatives and persons born before the post World War baby boom. ...

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Security for women working in software companies in India is an important issue considering that the number of women in software companies will approach 50% according to Nasscom by 2010, and the poorly paid and sketchy background of many hired drivers in India. Because the women work at odd hours of the night to keep in touch with westen countries clients in different time zones this is a very real issue. The cases of a Wipro and a HP employee in India being raped and killed and drivers charged bring to light an important issue for women employees at software companies and companies in general in India. It is important to attract talented employees for companies to have the best arrangements for safe transportation at additional cost. Parents of these young women and the women should feel that its just as safe as for men for them to work or travel at night. In this case the Supreme Court decision was to let stand a lower court ruling that Mittal CEO of HP Global Soft was liable for prosecution in the case of a rape and killing by a driver of a HP employee, because the company had hired the driver and made the transportation arrangements that led to this death....

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In the event that the US Supreme Court halts president Biden's student loan payments assistance plan about 45 million borrowers will be affected in the US. Young people who believed in getting a higher education or going to university will be penalized for that decision. It will affect the retail sector and standards of living, during a cost of living crisis.One of the achievements of the 20th century similar to achievements in medicine and other fields was the open access to education to all. Without it no part of the world can call itself part of enlightened civilization coming out of the creation of the modern world which started in Europe and spread to the US, then to Asia.

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In extensive ranging comments Justice Ruth Bader Ginsberg describes her positions on Supreme Court cases to Adam Liptak of the NYT. She hopes the next president after this one will be a fine one and is not perturbed by liberals who would like to see her leave so that another liberal could be appointed in her place. Ginsberg is 80 years, but says she works with her trainer twice a week, and works just as hard as in previous terms. She loves her work and will go on as long as she is able to do it. Her work leading the liberal opinion of Justices on the bench shows a senior justice in command of the issues. She has a framed copy of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 on a wall and sees it as a response by Congress to her dissent in Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire Rubber Company. That 2007 ruling said Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 imposes strict limits for workplace discrimination suits. She sees the present Congress as too timid to take up more issues related to affirmative action and the Voting Rights Act. On the court's decision for the Voting Rights Act Ginsberg said in her dissent "It is like throwing away your umbrella after a rainstorm because you don't need it." Her views on Roe vs. Wade are that the law was too sweeping in making abortion rights constitutional and could have taken a different approach of striking down the law in Texas....

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The White House event related to the nomination of Amy Barrett to the U.S. Supreme Court that reports suggest may have led to President Trump's infection with the coronavirus. The Rose garden party was attended by guests being at close quarters and many maskless with guests later entering the spaces inside the White House. As a result many of the people in the upper echelons of the Trump administration are now infected with the coronavirus as reported here in The Times. Many testing positive include a University president (Notre Dame), Senator Mike Lee, and others.

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Mass demonstrations by young people including school children on March 24, 2018, in many U.S. cities called for raising the minimum age for buying a gun from 18 to 21 years of age, and prohibiting civilian ownership of semiautomatic weapons, increasing comprehensive background checks. Former Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens says this is not enough. He calls for a repeal of the Second Amendment. Stevens points out that the the framers of the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution had the concern that a national standing army could pose a threat to the security of the separate states and therefore made the Second Amendment so that " a well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed." This is now a relic of that period. He says for 200 years this was not interpreted to mean that gun control legislation could not be enacted, till a 2008 decision by the Supreme Court.  Stevens says the decision was wrong and repeal of the Second Amendment is needed.  ...

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Issue of reinstating the judges of Pakistan's Supreme court and High Courts dismissed by Musharaf comes to an head as Sharif is banned from reelection by judges appointed by Musharaf at the High Court of Lahore. Its making democracy in Pakistan difficult as the Sindh based Zardari, Mrs. Bhutto's husband, wants to keep these Musharaf appointed judges expecting the dismissed judges to rule against him in corruption charges. Its also complicating the military situation as the political situation shows noone in charge and the military of Pakistan negotiating a separate truce with border militant organizations that are making attacks in Afghanistan complicating life for Karzai, President of Afghanistan and NATO's mission there.

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WSJ looks at how the relationship between Joe Biden and Kamala Harris evolved. From the faltering start when Harris was contesting for the presidential nomination and made sharp debate comments on segregationist senators and Biden, to her entry into the White House as Vice President dissolving her political action committees and not bringing her election people to the White House. The first assignment was on immigration and the White House asking Harris to tell Central Americans not to come to the US border did not exactly work out. Guatemala was in the middle of a drought affecting its agriculture and sending more people from the affected regions to the US Border. That message did not work and Harris came under criticism. There was less contact with Biden during the years 2020 and 2021 because of the pandemic.   Gradually though the president came to listen to Harris and set up a weekly lunch meeting. When Supreme Court nominations were to be made Biden relied on Harris's advice. Ketanji Jackson nomination to the Supreme Court came out of these talks with Harris. Then came Roe and Wade and the president who was not outspoken on this issue realized that Harris was better at communicating a common vision of what America stood for and the importance of reproductive freedoms. When Hamas attacked Israel, the response of Netanyahu was leading to an humanitarian disaster. President Biden listened to Harris describe the need for a Palestinian state and it building peace with Israel as the only real solution to the crisis. Biden sent Harris three times to the Munich Security Conference, and each year she met Mr. Zelensky and discussed the Ukraine issues with European leaders. Then came the debate performance and Democrats questioning Biden's health. Harris remained steadfast in her support till the end and on July 23 after announcing his withdrawal the previous day Biden told Kamala as he addressed Wilmington headquarters staff- "I'm watching you kid. I love ya." And Harris said "I love you." ...

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The UK Supreme Court rules that minority government prime minister Boris Johnson's suspension of parliament was unlawful. Judges led by Lady Hale said, "the effect on the fundamentals of democracy was extreme."  Lady Hale emphasized that the ruling in the case was "not about when and on what terms" the UK left the EU- it was about the decision to suspend parliament. She said it was unlawful because "it had the effect of frustrating or preventing the ability of parliament to carry out its constitutional functions without reasonable justification."  The decision of the court was unanimous for the 11 justices. The court also criticized the length of the suspension, saying there was no reason "let alone a good reason" for this. This makes the suspension of parliament null and void, and of no effect. Speaker Bercrow called immediately for parliament to meet today to meet without prime minister's questions to attend to important matters. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn called for the prime minister to resign at the Labour party conference in Brighton. The call to resign comes from the governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and from Tory MP's including John Major, a former prime minister. Boris Johnson says he will respect the ruling but that Britain will still leave the EU by October 31st even though parliament has legislated for an extension beyond October 31st.  ...

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The checks and balances put inplace by the founders who designed the US Constitution with the two houses of parliament, the Supreme Court, the US Federal Reserve as central bank, and the state governments and large city governments, in a delicate system of balance. The entire house elected every 2 years and the presidency for 3+1 years 3 for governing and the 4th year of primaries and preparing for the next election are other forms of this checks and balances.

Jerome Powell at the Fed will be governor till Jan 2028 and Fed chair till May 2026. Powell plans to complete his term in office and preserve the Fed's independence as designed in the charter for the central bank.

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Justice Khanwilkar of the Indian Supreme Court (2016-2022) is appointed the second Lokpal of India. He wrote some of the key decisions of the court in recent years. As Lokpal he is head of the Anti-Corruption Authority of India, that was established in 2013 after the protests against widespread corruption and leakage of funds led by Anna Hazare of Maharashtra that led to loss of confidence in the government of that year. Justice Khanwilkar supported the strict provisions of the Prevention of Money Laudering Act (PMLA) that provide the essentials for a developing country to ensure good governance and prevent the leakage of funds that are destructive for improving the ease of living, and for the confidence of the people in the government. He also decriminalised homosexuality, and upheld the Gujarat government for handling of events in 2002. He was alsopart of the 5 Judge SC bench that upheld Aadhar documentation of every citizen of India that made it possible under Digital India to deposit money directly to bank accounts preventing leakage of funds going to hundreds of millions of needy Indians. This was key to supporting families across India during the pandemic. In 2020 he passed a ruling on regulating the NGO's in India and use of foreign funding, the Foreign Contribution Regulation Amendment Act (FCRA), which ensures the government of a developing country of over 1 billion people can be run by the will of the people for the people, free from interference by foreign ideologies and interests. He tackled a key environmental case in 1996 when surrounding tanneries were polluting the river Ganges. The range of Khanwilkar's decisions is as prolific as it is critical for shaping a modern nation of 1.4 billion people. He served as the Standing Counsel of the Election Commission of India aiding in the operation of EC that is crucial for Indian election process.. He wrote 226 judgements and sat on 817 benches, a hardworking and disciplined judge that is a reflection of the best of India from the period of Indian renewal under Vivekananda and Gandhi to this day. Khanwilkar started his career in 1982, representing the state of Maharashtra as Standing Counsel at the Supreme Court, and was later Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh, Chief Justice of Madhya Pradesh. ...

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Former prime minister Nawaz Sharif faces a trial on corruption charges in Pakistan in 2018, just prior to new elections. The military and the judiciary both support the trial which involves payments for 4 upscale neighborhood London apartments owned by Sharif. 

Mr. Sharif's party leads in polls with about 36% support, higher than the next leading party Tehreek which has 24% support and is led by Imran Khan a former cricketer. The Pakistan People's Party of the Bhutto family comes in third. The result of this could be a weaker coalition government. The Supreme Court has banned Sharif for life from holding political office. Pakistan has seen governments toppled and military rule for half of its 70 years since independence. The rivalry with India and the role of the military has affected political institutions and democracy in Pakistan making peace with India difficult to achieve for any elected government.

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Democrats win a seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court and lose 2 Congressional elections in Florida with smaller margins in April 2025. It revives spirits of Democrats following a loss in the November 2024 elections.

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Strong criticism from Attorney General Luisa Ortega, and dissension inside the government, led to the Supreme Court retracting parts of its decision to nullify the powers of the legislature. Ortega called the move "a rupture of the constitutional order." Most of the judges are appointed on the court by the Maduro government. Strong criticism by the OAS calling it a "self inflicted coup", by other governments in Latin America, also led to retracting parts of the decision by the Supreme Court. Nicholas Maduro succeeded Mr. Chavez who was the democratically elected president of Venezuela from 1999 to 2013. Maduro narrowly won the election in 2013 by a margin of about 1.5% over Henrique Capriles. In 2015 in National Assembly elections the opposition parties won a majority in the National Assembly. Protests against the Maduro government were followed by a recall attempt in 2016 which was suppressed. Inflation and economic conditions in Venezuela worsened under Maduro with the collapse of oil prices. The devaluation of the currency, high inflation and shortages of basic goods have led to widespread protests. As the situation worsened the Supreme Court in support of the government gradually chipped away at the powers of the National Assembly since 2016, leading to the situation in April 2016 with  the effort to strip the Assembly of all powers and remove the immunity from prosecution of legislators. Maduro is a former bus driver for the city of Caracas bus system, and a trade unionist. He was part of the movement supporting Chavez release after a coup attempt, foreign minister 2006-2013, and appointed Chavez successor in 2012.  Max Fisher and Amanda Taub of the NYT go on to discuss the writings of political scientists, including Dutch expert Cas Mudde, who pointed out that populism often starts its climb because established institutions and elites have become unresponsive to pubic needs. Yet the replacement is with what starts out as an effort to bring fairness- yet ends up creating another elite, suppressing opposition, and creating a new set of problems, even threatening the institutional framework of democracy such as elected assembly as happened last week in Venezuela.  In Venezuela the Chavez populist movement was initially intended to reduce corruption in the court system, the established parties control over media, and ensure oil revenues were used to provide services to poor regions and neighborhoods.  In the process over two decades it introduced a system that set up a Bolivarist class of its own based on socialist goals, failed to integrate the economy into the global economy for modernization, and created an overdependence on oil revenues that hurt the country when prices dropped sharply. High inflation, corruption, shortages of basic goods, and an economy slipping behind neighboring countries in Latin America, are the result by 2017. Seeing the situation in Venezuela in the context of current populist trends in the U.S. and Europe may be a stretch because the situation in Venezuela is unique to Latin America in some ways and is from an earlier period. High inflation, collapsing economy, debt problems and mismanagement of the economy, devaluation of currency, are problems faced by Brazil, Argentina, and other countries in Latin America, happening under conservative as well as populist governments since the 1960's. It is different in two respects, the disconnect with the global economy that prevents modernization, and the trend towards authoritarianism, as seen in Venezuela.     ...

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The Robert court comes of age.

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Getting a women's perspective on the law and how it affects women is not easy, says Justice Chandrachud of the Indian Supreme Court. He himself he says, had a straitjacketed view till he sat beside a woman colleague. "Initially I viewed the matter where women were often subjected to the worst crimes and violations from a straitjacketed perspective, but sitting with a colleague who had a more diverse exposure to realities of gender gave me the necessary feminist perspective." He also said everyone, including himself have "a lot to learn in terms of how we perceive the law and apply social experiences." Justice Chandrachud says virtual hearings resulted in more women lawyers appearing in the court, and cited technology as an enabler for women. The new CJI says about the rule of law in India, that it is the responsibility of everyone, dependent on the political culture and the habits of citizens especially the young, and not just on the paper parchment that is in the legislation and the Constitution. "In a sense all of you are guardians of our constitutional and democratic traditions and to you is entrusted the responsibility of ensuring that the rule of law is not substituted by the rule by law." ...

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Justice John Paul Stevens is 91, but he is active as ever. He retired from the Supreme Court in 2010. He makes speeches and comments on how he would have voted on cases before the Supreme Court since he retired. He is also writing a book on the five chief justices on the Supreme Court- Fred Vinson, Earl Warrren, Warren Burger, William Rehnquist, Roberts.

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U.S. Supreme Court nominee BrettKavanaugh, a Court of Appeals judge in the District of Columbia, could affect the Mueller investigation and issues of pardon, because of his expansive views of the presidency. He was part of the Kenneth Starr investigation of president Clinton. During that investigation he pursued it vigorously but later his opinion was that the president should be not distracted from his important duties, and should have some freedom from being prosecuted. For this reason it is not clear how he would act in the Mueller investigation. President Trump could have considered this when he selected Kavanaugh, says this report.

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Some of the major decisions that are shaping the development of a modern state and advanced economy in India come from legislation and judicial decisions taken by Justice Khanwilkar of the Supreme Court of India. Laws on effective governance by preventing leakages and corruption, on the climate and rivers, on foreign interference in elections, on women's rights, setting historical events as in Gujarat in the right context, and the Central Vista project were upheld and judicial decisions written by Justice Khanwilkar. It is these contributions from this eminent jurist from Maharashtra, along with that of able administrators in government ministries such as Sitharaman, Jaishankar and Vaishnaw, and many others under the leadership of the prime minister that made possible much of the work of the last decade to make the Indian economy meet the aspirations of young people and look to 2030 with confidence to become the third largest modern economy in the world. ...

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Ram Nath Kovind has 16 years of experience practicing law before the High Court of Delhi and the Supreme Court. In 2002 he represented India at the UN General Assembly. As Governor of Bihar since 2015 he has worked well with the Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and helped passage of the Lokyukta legislation. He is widely seen as a good choice. Remaining out of the spotlight he has stood up for Dalits by pointing out to members of his community that the Constitution provided Dalits with right to education and representation, which provided the means to give the next generation better opportunities in life. He got his first experience in public life as personal secretary to Moraji Desai in 1977, when Desai became prime minister and leader of the Janata government.

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The WSJ shows the full text of Justice Scalia's dissenting opinion for the Supreme Court 6-3 decision on the Affordable Care Act health subsidies