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This report in DW.com shows pictures and podcasts from Africa's National Parks and Wildlife Centers. Africa's tourism industry brings in billions of dollars from international visitors with each traveler bringing in about $7000 to the local economy. Most affected are hotels, tour companies and small business. There is a sense that government could do more to protect small business in Uganda, Kenya,Tanzania, South Africa, Ghana and other countries. Also being considered is finding ways to shift focus from high paying foreign tourists to a a larger local visitor population in African countries. Today Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, Amboseli National Park in Kenya at the foot of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Kruger National Park in South Africa, Victoria Falls National Park in Zimbabwe, Sanganeb Marine National Park in Sudan, and Tassili n'Ajjer National Park in Algeria with Tuareg nomads in the desert deep in the Sahara, are some of the National Parks with few international visitors. Local are working in alternative occupations. There is a sense that a better focus would be to a less paying but dependable tourist influx from within African countries.  ...

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With coronavirus spread out over wide parts of each country and with so many people infected it is very difficult to do the contact tracing and isolation that was tried during the first wave. In Germany during the first wave efforts for contact tracing and isolation worked reasonably well. During the second wave in November things have changed. In Germany authorites do not know in November where 75% of the people testing positive for coronavirus got it. In Spain this figure is 93% for the last week of October. In France and Italy it is at 80%. In New York it is over 50%. Other problems are the increasing number of cases where the coronavirus is spread in an home setting, the lack of restaurant data collected on who visits, and the delay in getting test results. In Germany frequently people say they cannot remember where they were. Researchers from the German version of the FBI, the Pasteur Institute in France and the Koch Institute in Germany are getting involved in November to understand in what settings the virus spreads most. ...

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Anti-trust challenges to the Apple-Google duopoly in the U.S. and Europe. For years the regulatory process did not work as intended to maintain competition and open markets. In 2020 after years of neglect of proper regulatory functioning, fines of up to 10% of revenues are put in legislation for online harm or anti-competitive behaviour. Regulators oce seen as captive to special interests, moved cautiously in the beginning, and are now following public opinion. The bill in Europe could take years before it is passed in the cumbersome lengthy legislative processes of the European Union. Legal processes could take years. During and after the pandemic a complete reassessment of priorities as a society both in the U.S., Europe and other nations needs to happen before capital investment can be directed into infrastructure, health and education, as tech has reached a point of diminishing returns. With a redirection of capital to vital needs of society and the national will to maintain open competitive markets that goes with a change in popular perceptions of what is good and important much progress can be made. ...

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Israeli leader Yair Lapid says "we need a government where right, left and centre work together as a way of life." The result is that Lapid's party is putting together a coalition of the right, left and centre- parties of Bennett, Labor, Gantz, and Lapid getting together to form a new government with sharing of ministries. Bennett would be the prime minister for 2 years followed by Lapid under this new arrangement. The whole arrangement is a result of no one  party or group of parties gaining a majority in repeated elections. Under the last arrangement Benny Gantz and Netanyahu shared power with Netanyahu going first as prime minister.  The new arrangement is designed as an effort to give Israel a chance to have anyone other than Netanyahu as prime minister, so intense is the desire for changes- almost as if Israel needed it "as it needs air to breathe," the way Lapid puts it. Lapid says the goal was not compromise which was tried in the past, the goal now was a government of change. ...

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Prime minister Ranil Wickremasinghe has assumed the finance minister position as Sri Lanka completes one phase of negotiations with the IMF. The IMF says "Since Sri Lanka's public debt is assessed as unsustainable, approval by the Executive Board of an IMF supported programme would require adequate assurances that debt sustainability will be restored." Sri Lanka facing lack of capital to pay for essential energy and other food needs suspended payment on nearly $7 billion foreign debt repayment due this year with action taken under a new central bank governor. About $25 billion is due for repayment by 2026 and total debt stands at $51 billion. The IMF comments come after reports that Sri Lanka Monetary Board at the central bank and finance ministry in 2021 failed to address the debt sustainability issue even though the IMF in April 2020 had advised Sri Lanka to go for restructuring. Discussions IMF says "focused on restoring fiscal sustainability while protecting the vulnerable and the poor, ensuring the credibility of the monetary policy and exchange rate regimes, preserving financial sector stability, and structural reforms to enhance growth and strengthen governance." ...

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This piece in the Hindusthan Times reminds us that it is not failure or success that determine our future and the quality of our life, but the way we respond. It takes the lines from Rudyard Kipling about both being impostors- "if you can meet triumph and disaster,  and treat both impostors just the same..." Experts say the important thing in both success and failure is to understand what one did wrong, and take corrective action. Some go as far as to say failure is an event, and it ended yesterday. This is the way athletes and other people who overcome challenges that we read about have approached a failure or disaster. Some overcome physical handicaps with such grit that we find our failure to be tiny by comparison. Take for instance an athlete with burns on his feet from a fire, who is told he can never walk again, and he comes back to win an Olympics gold medal in running. This is a true story from the 1936 Olympics of Glenn Cunningham who won the 1500 metres gold medal. ...

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U.S. president Trump signs an executive order on March 28, 2017, reversing the American commitment to the Paris climate change agreement. The executive order also lifts a moratorium on the sale of coalmining leases on federal lands. The Obama administration 2015 clean power plan was designed to restrict greenhouse gas emissions from power plants. It was blocked by courts in 2016. Trump says he is reversing president Obama's war on coal. Earlier he approved the Keystone pipeline for bringing oil from oil sands in Canada to the U.S.. Under the Paris agreement the U.S. agreed to cut greenhouse gas emissions 26-28% by 2025 from 2005 levels. Market changes including the availability of cheap natural gas from technology advances fracking and hydraulic fracturing is leading a shift away from coal, apart from Obama administration regulations. Another factor is the long term trend towards cleaner energy, with large energy producers such as American Electric Power and other companies planning for the long term which is likely to be in the direction of cleaner energy. These companies see the Trump administration changes as a situation that may not be for the long term. ...

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Stephen Bannon the controversial adviser to president Trump is removed from the National Security Council cabinet level principals committee at the insistence of the National Security Adviser to president Trump, Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster. In addition the chairman of the Joint CHiefs of Staff and the director of national intelligence, were added back to the principals committee of NSC, and the earlier decision to have them as occasional participants was seen as a serious mistake, with Mr. Trump having wanting to change this much earlier. Karl Rove was a senior adviser to president Bush, but like other advisers was not put on the National Security Council. The reversal of the Bannon appointment brings the NSC to its normal membership.This report in the NYT refers to the large role played by Mr. Bannon in the early days with Bannon pushing for the first travel ban that was struck down in the courts, and for the ultimatum in negotiations with the Freedom Caucus that worsened relations with Republicans in Congress. As a result Mike Spence stepped into a leading role in health care negotiations.  ...

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Adam Nossiter of the NYT describes the clearly presidential nature of Macron's appearences during the first month in office. First at the Louvre during the night election results showed him winning easily, and later in appearances at the G 7 summit meeting and at Versailles with the Russian president. This is in sharp contrast to the chatty, "little jokes" and other efforts of president Hollande that left people with the impression that he was not decisive and strong. The French presidency from the time of Charles De Gaulle by its very nature compared to the prime minister's position of England, requires a strong presence and decisive personality. Macron shows every intention of fulfilling that role. Observers have traced this to Macron being a research assistant to French philosopher Paul Ricoeur. Macron acquired a training at the end of the 1990's from Ricoeur, which emphasized the need for and virtue of a middle ground- that sees even the events of the French revolution in a different light, with the death of the king Louis XVI in 1793 as unnecessary. ...

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The Dutch parliament approves a free trade area with Ukraine. Netherlands was the last country to approve this agreement. Populists of eusoskeptic views won a referendum in April 2016 leading to the agreement passed by the other 27 countries of the EU being modified to accomodate the euroskeptics- who pushed the view of Ukraine as another corrupt country that Netherlands tax payers would have to support. The agreement for a free trade area for EU and Ukraine itself was a result of the popular sentiment in Kiev and western Ukraine in favor of closer ties to the European Union, that led to protests in 2013-2014 and the election of pro-EU Petroshenko as president. Russia opposed the move, leading to the support of a Russia rebel movement in the eastern part of Ukraine. The Dutch elections of 2017 led to Dutch voters supporting prime minister Rutte's effort to support the European Union in helping Ukraine with economic ties. This puts Netherlands back into the core EU nations such as France, Germany, Spain and Italy, that back Ukraine and oppose Russian moves. ...

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Reports suggest voter turnout of young people 18-24 was close to 70%. With most of the new voters, about 2 million 19-34 year olds registered to vote in the weeks before the election according to the Electoral Commission, drawn into politics by the simplicity and style of Labor leader Corbyn. One voter says young people voted because Labor did not sneer at them, recalling the negative tactics employed in the campaign and the likability of Labor leader Corbyn because he refused to respond. The National Union of Students and organizations such as UpRising, Hope Not Hate, Bite the Ballot, pushed young people into involvement. The election for students was more about the impact of Tory cuts to education, health, and other services, and about the future for generations to come. Students were deeply upset about the results of the EU referendum. The result is that in places where students were predominant such as Newcastle East and Central, Manchester Withington and Central, Cambridge and Canterbury, the turnout jumped  to give Labor wins in the north of England, and in London. ...

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The Republican tax law of 2018 is unpopular, according to a new NBC/WSJ poll in April 2018. Only 27% of people in the poll view the tax law favorably, 36% view the tax law unfavorably. About one third or 32% say they have no opinion, possibly because they have no clear idea of how it will impact them or the country. On trade and other economic issues the Republican Party is viewed more favorably, including for its tougher stance to give the U.S. a level playing field. Even though the Republicans are not viewed so favorably on taxes, the poll findings show the Democrats are not seen as better on taxes and economic issues. The poll also shows the Democratic Party better able by large margins to handle issues such as gun violence, sexual harrassment and health care. This shows that under an aging Democratic leadership of Pelosi, Hoyer and Schumer, and the failure of Hillary Clinton, the younger Democrats with a more Progressive tendency are having to make their own case with people not clear how the Democrats can offer a better alternative. ...

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Kaname Harada, 98 years, was a Japanese fighter pilot during World War II. Here NYT's Martin Fackler provides this exceptional account of Harada's effort to remind each new generation since 1965 of the horrors of war, and why Japan should not forget the lessons of World War II. In 1965 Harada started teaching kindergarden children at a school he opened to help give a new Japanese generation the right values of peace. Since he retired he gives frequent public speeches on the values of peace, and how Japan has benefitted from the post war peacetime period. He reminds listeners about the horrors of war from his own experience shooting down 19 Allied aircraft from his Zero fighter plane, and being close enough to see the horror stricken faces of Americans in the other planes. Even at the age of 98, Harada's voice has vigor though he suffers from throat cancer. His message is that the best way for Japan to protect its children, and its children's children from war, is never to forget. He says the current generation of leaders were born after the war and have no idea what it is....

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Lufthansa's CEO announced in the early days following the crash that pilot Lubitz was "100 percent" fit to fly. Kulish and Clark point to the denial at Lufthansa and some other airlines about the need for airlines to have a clear understanding about the psychological condition of pilots. This exceptional report with contributions by a team of NYT reporters tells the story of Lubitz and the airline industry's lack of effective screening. The lack of systematic screening of pilots for psychological issues was raised by the UN's Civil Aviation Organization in 2012, and by the European Commission's Aviation Safety Agency focussing on strict data protection rules with Germany in November 2014. A culture of privacy in Germany following the experience of pervasive intrusions into privacy by the Nazis and the Soviet backed GDR government in East Germany, and strict data protection rules, create a special situation in Germany of being reluctant to pass on information or delve into personal records. The head of Lufthansa's department of aviation psychology, says he would not have accepted the pilot Lubitz if he had known about his medical problems of depression before or during the training period....

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Betsy McKay reporting from Harper, Liberia, gives this exceptional report on the shattered health system of Liberia and how the country is coping following the Ebola Virus epidemic. The dilapidated poor state of health facilities in Liberia, and in neighboring Sierra Leone and Guinea, have made these areas especially vulnerable to the spread of Ebola Virus. With pictures and details about the lives of ordinary people McKay brings to life one of the poorest regions in the world, racked by years of war and neglect, showing people struggling to find their way with minimal health care. Tabeh Freeman, a professor of public health at William S. Tubman University in Harper, Liberia, says Liberia cannot cope if another epidemic takes place, with such a poorly equiped and broken health system. Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone estimate the need is for about $1.47 billion in the next 30 months to build and equip a new health system. The World Bank and other donors have come up with $1 billion for Ebola recovery. A particularly urgent problem is to see that adequate funding goes to build the infrastructure for the health system and to train people to provide health services....

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weeks before the trump Kim Jong-Un summit talks in Hanoi, Vietnam, it was evident to the team of U.S. diplomats, sanctions specialists, nuclear experts, that there was a major stumbling block. North Korea wanted much more relief from sanctions than the U.S. was prepared to give in return for a limited denuclearization in North Korea. Still the talks went ahead on the basis of the personal chemistry between Trump and Kim Jong-Un. But former U.S. officials say that in this situation the differences were too big to be solved on the basis of personal rapport alone. For some time ahad of the summit talks in Hnoi the U.S. had already eased its position reports the WSJ, so that the U.S. was no longer insisting that North Korea largely denuclearize during Mr. Trump's current term in office. a full accounting of North Korea's nuclear programs was not required at the start of negotiations. North Koreans also came up with options to close the Yongbyon nuclesr complex. The sticking point was that major sanctions relief was expected without other nuclear facilities being listed for inspection and denuclearization. ...

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An investment of $1000 in Deutsche Bank shares in 2015 would have led to loss of most of the capital - loss of 75% of it, says this report in DW.com. For years Deutsche Bank chased profitability but the results are dismal. Recently 18,000 jobs were slashed and the bank is now accepting the inevitable shrinking. It all started with with chasing profitability in the U.S. as an investment bank leading to deep losses during the 2009 financial crisis. While German and Swedish teachers as shown in this weeks stories from Europe show struggle to make ends meet on low salaries, jobs in banking have continued to pay even when their are steep losses as at Deutsche Bank. This report argues about who is responsible for high severance pay at banks investors, shareholders, supervisory boards or regulators. Ultimately it is about what choices a society makes, and about the importance it gives to education compared to other occupations, and to good governance across the board without exceptions. Developed countries sometimes fail to learn the lessons of the past in the chaos of the times. ...

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Gaza Palestine Peace deal by DJT where all hostages are exchanged for Israel stopping war in Gaza and pulling back to one half of Gaza October 14 2025. Hamas supporters Turkey and Qatar were involved. The talks were held in Sharm-al-Sheikh seaside resort in Egypt and final talks at the villa of Gen. Rashad Intelligence Chief of Egypt. Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff for the US got Israel's participation. For Israel the fatigue from the long war would give it a respite. It was achieved by not getting into the smaller details so the Israeli withdrawal from all of Gaza. Israel said it will withdraw from half of Gaza and establish its presence in the other half of Gaza as Israel tries to figure out a way to ensure its security and end threats from Gaza Palestinian area. For the world community including the US and European leaders in Egypt including Britain, Spain, Germany, and other leaders this was an opportunity to remove divisions in their countries on the issue of Palestine as the continuation of the war had led to hunger and flattened most of Gaza's buildings. The issues of Palestine and Israel's right to exist without wars and threats, of new settlements, once again are left for another day as the oil rich kingdoms of the Middle East and the Arab countries, US, Israel and Europe fail to open a new chapter for Israel and for Palestine. Most importantly the Palestinian and Israeli leaders exercizing the foresight to bring peace in the ways that have ended strife over territory and control in places like the Irish Republic, Northern Ireland and Britain which have been in conflict from the year 1500. It is striking how little was gained from initial events leading to the war and how little the war had to do with the problems of illegal migration, of cost of living, of infrastructure neglect facing the US, Europe. It is certain that the peace deal will now allow the focus on the problems facing the US and Europe, removing the distraction of this sudden flareup of conflict that never should have happened.  ...

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President Hollande of France is interviewed by Sylvia Kauffman of Le Monde, Angelique Chrisafis of The Guardian, Berna Gonzalez Harbour of El Pais, Jaroslaw Kurski of Gazeta Wyborcza, Alberto Mattioli of La Stampa, et Stefan Ulrich of Suddeutsche Zeitung in mid-October 2012. He tells the reporters that France is the bridge between northern and southern Europe and says he is against division, rancor and the idea of 'each for one's own.' He called recession being as big a threat as deficits and emphasized the need for growth. Hollande pointed out that it was false to say Germany was the only country paying to help, that France was also paying for the solidarity with other eurozone countries. From now on he sees the need for monthly meetings of eurozone countries as opposed to crisis driven meetings which have failed to produce results needed and led to procrastination and political maneouvring. On Merkel's side there is internal politics and parliament which has affected decisions in in the interests of the eurozone and the EU, which he said he respects but which also requires putting the interests of Europe first. On specifics Hollane sees no need to further delay action on direct aid by the European Stability Mechanism to Spanish banks and efforts to bring down Spain and Italy's borrowing rates, and calls the gap between France and Germany's borrowing rates of 1% and Spain and Italy's 7% "unfair."...

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Mohamed Hanif of the BBC's Urdu Service points to the manner in which the CIA and the ISI collaborated in the two time destruction of Kabul. And he points to a Pakistani view outside of the military which is not obsessed with India and would like to get down to the basics- electricity and infrastructure, better lives, and a safer neighborhood. In this perspective the Pakistani military and the Americans both do not understand the basic needs of the large majority of Pakistanis yearning for a better life. Contrast this with the Thomas Friedman piece which complains on the other side, with a note of innocence, of becoming a sucker in this game of a two-faced Pakistani military and intelligence services using the Americans for their own game, supporting the Americans and the insurgents at the same time. Hanif almost has the last word in this, pointing to the ordinary Pakistanis who are just poor and looking in.

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This editorial in the WSJ says Puerto Rico is a failed welfare state and has similiarities to the problem in Greece with a bloated public sector (25% of the workforce in the public sector). It points out that the benefits are generous even though the employment is shrinking by 14% since 2005, as 300,000 young people have left for the U.S. since 2005. Welfare benefits it points out are $1743 a month compared to $1159 for minimum wage work. Puerto Rico's Governor Alejandro Padilla says the $72 billion debt "is not payable." Debt is 100% of GNP. Three public pension funds and the Electric Power Authority face serious problems. To manage its finances Puerto Rico has taxed ever higher, increasing sales taxes to 11.5%. The editorial says Puerto Rico is ready for a Detroit style restructuring of the debt, and rewriting of labor and other contracts following the U.S. giving access to Chapter 9 bankruptcy to Puerto Rico, doing this with orderly restructuring.

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The FDIC help to troubled borrowers with housing loans from IndyMac which was taken over by the FDIC, could serve as a model for help to other troubled mortgage holders.

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Jeffrey Immelt of GE makes a critical point in this op-ed article- that the concept of the US transitioning from a technology-based, export-oriented economic powerhouse to a services-led, consumption based economy was a bad idea because it would lead to a loss of jobs, prosperity and prestige. Immelt calls it "fundamentally wrong." In this piece he makes the point repeatedly and takes his role as head of the President's Council on Jobs and Competitiveness seriously, saying that there is nothing inevitable about the decline of manufacturing in America, that it can and must be reversed. For over two decades business leaders have taken a complacent attitude about the effects of a continued decline of manufacturing in America and the loss of jobs in the US, even as they built plants and expanded overseas. Now for the first time Immelt articulates a new policy for government and business leaders. He says businesses should invest more in advanced products and technologies that create jobs in the US. In doing this he joins Intel's Andy Grove and other business leaders who expressed a growing frustration with the pessimism that this loss of jobs and competitiveness is creating among young people in the US, and the cloud it is creating about America's future. Immelt adds that it is imperative to care about what happens at home in the US, and the growing pessimism that lack of jobs growth in the US creates should not be accepted....

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The graph showing the monthly volume of issued bonds shows that the bonds issued came to a complete halt in October 2008, leading to a collapse in this market, making consumer finance almost impossible to get. The action by the Fed to lend $600 billion to investors to buy these bonds is an effort to unclog these markets for consumer finance. It also comes as the market for cars collapsed in October, with auto loan financing difficulties a major factor in this collapse, especially for GM. The market for mortgage securities issued by Fannie and Freddie also seemed to be drying up as investors and foreign central banks shunned Fannie and Freddie, resulting in the spread over Treasury bonds for these securities issued by Fannie rising from 0.7 percentage points in September to 1.7 percentage points in October 2008. The Fed announced that it would buy $600 billion of these securities starting December 1, 2008, and hire asset managers to manage this portfolio for the Fed. Mortgage rates dropped half a point to to 5.5% on the announcement injecting some life in to housing markets. This does not help the 11.8 million homeowners under water, and those facing foreclosure, and it does not help those buyers who do not qualify for mortgages. It does help those who were responsible in their finances through the recent years and helps others refinance. So it helps those who were better off but started cracking under this economy. So it does not change the underlying fundamentals say some experts, but it does help keep some life in the housing markets say other experts. The Case-Shiller index of housing prices which declined 15.1 % in the second quarter, declined 16.6% in the third quarter, year over year. This helps keep up the prices from severe drops, but even the lower mortgage rates from this Fed action may not last as the rates dropped after the rescue of Fannie and the again started creeping upwards again. . . ...

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This response by experts on transatlantic relations rejects the other view expressed in Zeit Online that the U.S. under Trump remains estranged from Germany and the EU. These experts from the American Institute for German Contemporary Studies, American German Council, and Centers at John Hopkins and Georgetown for German Studies, reject the view that the Trump administration and Germany are that far apart on many issues as it appears from media coverage.  Foremost it points out that civil society relations are sound and growing. About 50 million Americans trace their descent to Germany, including president Trump, much larger to over half the U.S. population considering European descent. Much larger is the sense of a culturally shared future with the European Union, with the nations of Europe including Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the nations of Eastern Europe, and Britain. The civil society relationships run deep in a way that is hardly affected by the Trump administration. Within the Trump administration the policies to Europe these experts remind the reader, are determined by the "adults" in the administration, who are senior members of the administration. This is a crucial point as Trump administration policy is not determined by the president's liking for tweets as much as by senior cabinet members Tillerson at the State Department, Gen. Mattis at Defense, Kelly at the White House, and senior members of Congress including Senators Corker and other senior committee members. This is why Republican Senator Kay Hutchinson was chosen as Ambassador to NATO. It should be noted in this context of German-EU relations in president Trump's first year that there was a period of German disillusionment with president Obama, exacerbated by the NSA spying on German chancellor Merkel and on the EU delegation to the UN, with president Obama's failure to offer any apology. Relations recovered from that low point. No one suggested that there be a German led decoupling of the EU with America at that low point, or at another low point in German-U.S. relations with the setup of American Pershing II nuclear missiles on German soil under the Reagan administration when there were large scale protests.  The American view that the U.S. should not have to shoulder major responsibilities for defense and foreign relations by itself is not new say these experts, and goes back to earlier administrations before Trump.  The experts argue for an active role by Germany with its partners in Europe for defense and foreign relations, which should not be seen as a result of U.S. pressure, only responding to the situation as it has evolved upto this time. Views on immigration are also changing with effort by the EU and Germany, France, to reduce immigration from the source countries in Africa, and the changing perceptions about uncontrolled immigration in Germany and France, say the authors. A coordinated policy towards Russia  is seen as not having changed. And much as a reset in relations was advocated by Obama in the first year of his first term, the current policy of the Trump administration to work with Russia to lower tensions can be seen in the same way say these experts, and not as a fundamental shift in American policy. The deep relationship of Germany and the EU with China is another positive aspect that will also help the U.S. in framing its own policies towards China. The German-American relationship, and the European Union relationship with the U.S.  is seen as basic to the values and interests of the U.S. and Europe. This relationship is too deep and supported by civil society and Congress, the Republican Party, and the Democratic Party, by large trade relationships, to be affected by temporary differences under any one administration. Even these differences are part of a larger debate that is part of dialogue on issues in a democratic society, sometimes raucous and loud, and could be welcomed and carefully channelled in constructive ways.     ...