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John Lewis, is the last surviving speaker of the March on Washington in 1963, when Martin Luther King gave his historic speech. Here he describes how Martin Luther King would see today's America. Foremost he points out is that MLK would want to see justice not just as racial justice, but justice in a broader sense that says something about the dignity and value of human beings. And this means, says Lewis, the president getting away from advisers and polls, and talking to ordinary people. It means focussing on jobs, the unemployed and people facing foreclosure, and seniors struggling on limited incomes. He calls for a "freedom budget" that would pool resources for infrastructure and investments that would create a better environment for people to live in.

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A new report by Medicare trustees found that the Medicare hospital trust fund would face insolvency by 2029, which is 12 years after the projection made last year. But Medicare's chief actuary questioned this by saying that this assumes cuts in payments to medical providers in the health reform bill would be implemented. Not realistic he says, considering that many doctors would drop out of Medicare causing difficulty for seniors. After 2029 Medicare would be able to pay 85% of the benefits according to this report. Separately the Social Security fund is expected to need a $41 billion cash infusion, with more paid out in benefits, than collected in tax receipts in 2010 and 2011, with this situation getting worse by 2015.

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Simpson and Bowles travel around the U.S. to sell their plan for U.S. debt reduction. Bowles is the numbers guy and Simpson adds color and conviction to the conversation. The duo is famously bipartisan. Bowles a chief of staff to a Democratic party president, former U.S. president Clinton. Alan Simpson, is a former senior Republican senator from Wyoming. Both are highly committed to the cause and highly regarded.

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The effort by Prince Bandar, a senior advisor to King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, to send arms to Syrian rebels through a command center in Jordan, after differences with Turkey and Qatar on how to arm rebels. WSJ reporters Entous, Malas and Coker provide a detailed account of the Saudi effort under Prince Bandar. The Saudis are determined to bring down the Assad regime especially now that chemical weapons are involved.

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Ways to complain better and make it work to strengthen relationships, being upfront but in the right way and appreciative of the other person rather than resentful. Try to build understanding, do it at the right moment and after gauging severity. Give people space, opportunity to respond and thank them for listening and giving attention. Aim for honesty, empathy and sincerity for building understanding.  Some patience is helpful. It may surprise you as it leads to growth in a relationship, says this author Joshua Coleman, a Senior Fellow with Council of Contemporary Families.

It applies to children as well as colleagues and couples.

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President Trump agreed to a reopening of the government for 3 weeks, till a compromise could be worked out between Democrats and Republicans in the House and Senate. He did not call it a concession but as a way to help 800,000 federal workers who have not received paychecks for 35 days. The president says if the situation is not resolved by Feb 15 there could be another shutdown on the issue of the border wall.

This report says in the month of negotiations both sides have seen that a border wall from end to end  is not needed but that sensors and other devices could also be used to monitor the border. In the impasse in Congress not all Republicans agreed with Mr. Trump leading to the decision by Mr. Trump to take a pause to rethink this issue for a compromise. In recent days air traffic controllers called in sick causing delays, and criticism from federal agencies including the FBI increased creating pressure for a resolution of the dispute.

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Speaking at the Brookings Institution Biden senior adviser Jake Sullivan laid out the "foreign policy of America's middle class." What he means by this is "President Biden's core commitment- indeed his daily direction to us- to more deeply integrate domestic policy with foreign policy." "After the Second War the United States led a fragmented world to create a new international economic order. It lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty. It sustained thrilling technological revolutions. And it helped the United States and many other nations around the world achieve new levels of prosperity. But the last few decades revealed cracks in these foundations. A shifting global economy left many Americans and their communities behind. A financial crisis shook the middle class. A pandemic exposed the fragility of our supply chains. A changing climate threatened lives and livelihoods. Russia's invasion of Ukraine underscored the risks of overdependence. So this moment demands we forge a new consensus." "When president Biden took office the coutnry from our perspective faced four fundamental challenges. First America's industrial base had been hollowed out. Second economic integration with a large non-market economy did not work out. Third, an accelerating climate crisis, and the urgent need for a just and efficient energy transition. Finally we met the challenge of inequality and its damage to democracy."   ...

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A woman CEO, Phebe Novakovic,  at American defense company General Dynamics says in an interview says she is patriotic and shares her experience growing up in Europe during the Cold War, as the daughter of an Air Force officer.  She also talks about her first job interviews  when she was turned down for jobs after being 7 months pregnant. Women are now CEO's or hold senior positions at defense contractors Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Boeing,in four of the five largest U.S. defense companies. Most of them including women in the Pentagon are low key and private in their conversations. On the divisiveness in the U.S. Novakovic has some direct comments. She says she wories profoundly about this, especially the part that means there is no national narrative, just conflicting angry opinions that are corrosive and cancerous. This is because democracy requires shared values and a strong nation requires its own national narrative. She points out that in this way you can destroy yourself faster than an enemy can destroy you. About tech companies such as Microsoft, Google and Amazon not wanting to work with the U.S. government she says she is alarmed because this shows an ignorance about where they think their freedom comes from, where their platform of innovation and technology comes from, which is the strength and vitality of the U.S. as a nation.  ...

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How president Biden is listening to new voices such as Chris Murphy on what economic, social and national model America should base its future on . Tech monopolies, Big Phama, Billionaires paying 8.2% tax and resisting fair taxes, Citizens United keeping out people interested in public service who don't want to raise money from corporations asking favors (Pharma, Tech monopolies). How Biden says his model in a folksy Scranton sort of way about his grandfather saying "Joey just remember" yet has the basics right about investing in the Nation, Fair Taxes that cut Deficits yet rebuild the dilapidated Infrastructure and creates Jobs, Renewable Energy target for 2035 to tackle Climate change.  And Harris as AG bringing her approach to tackle big corporate power and specific down to earth cost of living action +child care action, + housing costs action,  and Walz bringing experience from a large upper midwestern state in implementing climate change action, wage and income improvement, student debt and educational opportunity for all. This is a strong beginning and we build from here as the foundations are laid down for the future to create an Opportunity for All Economy. Making the effort bipartisan in the spirit of the legislation that Biden has achieved with Republicans senior leaders Cornyn, McConnell, and With Lankford on immigration legislation that will be a top priority for Harris to sign into law. ...

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Microsoft CEO, Satya Nadella, is intervewed by Shira Ovide of the WSJ. Compared to Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, Nadella has a quiet demeanor. Responding to a question about how he made it from heading R&D for the Bing search engine to the CEO position, he says what helped him most was working in different jobs at Microsoft with different contexts and challenges, including a mix of some where success was achieved and some in which it was much harder. The experience of people in his management team is similar. He says his sense of being an outsider while being an insider is something he always had in him, and something he now encourages as a CEO. Reading outside of work is his only rule, and this may help him maintain some distance from work to think like an outsider. His preference is literary reading not common among senior managers- T.S. Eliot's poetry. Taking some off from work for medical leave or other reasons, is something he supports, especially from his own experience needing such leave as a 29 year old at Microsoft....

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Brooks looks at the Obama and Ryan deficit reduction plans and sees something to like in both plans. He agrees with Ryan that modern medical technologies are becoming too costly to afford- especially with aging populations here and in Europe- and the need for consumers of medical care to shoulder some of the burden to control these costs. He agrees also with Ryan on the need for seniors and the middle class to share some of the burden of rebalancing benefit systems. He agrees with Obama in the need for a balanced approach combining tax increases with spending cuts, and the contribution government can make through targeted investments. He is pessimistic about the chances of bringing the two approaches together taking their best points because of the political climate which is increasingly partisan.

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China's State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission- which oversees the operations of 129 largest state-owned corporations- and the Chinese Communist party's central organization department, have placed two broadsheet newspaper pages of ads for 20 senior management positions in industries ranging from nuclear power, auto manufacturing and textiles. Only some of the positions require Chinese citizenship, others are open to overseas applicants. The ads appeared in major Chinese and English language newspapers, and on major internet portals.

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Sheila Bair releases her new book in Sept 2012 on the financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the efforts to introduce financial reforms for a safer financial system: "Bull By the Horns: Fighting to Save Main Street from Wall Street and Wall Street from Itself." She is particularly critical of U.S. Treasury Secretary, and former head of the New York Federal Reserve, Timothy Geithner, as protecting the interests of Citigroup and Wall Street in his position as Treasury Secretary of the U.S. government. She describes in detail the situations in which Geithner tried to water down essential reforms to the financial system to make it safer, including the Volcker Rule. Of particular concern is the revolving door by which banking regulators or government officials join banks after service in the government which leads to weakening of regulatory and government oversight and systemic risks as in 2008-2009. Sheila Bair is widely respected for her efforts during the financial crisis from 2008 to 2011, when she headed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the FDIC. Her active involvement in defending reforms and setting up the system by which financially failing banks could be taken over and unwound without risks to the U.S. financial system are lasting contributions. She also succeeded as a manager by setting up an experienced and effective successor in Martin Gruenberg as head of the FDIC, to continue this work. A former Congresswoman, she describes herself as a Republican populist from Kansas. Her current role is as senior advisor to the Pew Charitable Trusts, which itself is a rare phenomenon today for a senior government official leaving government....

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Two key appointments in international affairs are made by the Obama administration in Jan 2014. Nathan Sheets is appointed the new Treasury undersecretary for international affairs, and Mark Sobel is made the new U.S. representative to the IMF Board. Sheets served at the U.S. Fed since 1993 for about 2 decades, advising the Fed Open Market Committee on global financial developments, becoming the head of the Fed's international finance division in 2007. He received his doctorate in economics from MIT. Since 2011 he was Citigroup's head of global international economics. Sobel worked at the U.S. Treasury for 3 decades mostly in its international divisions, including 4 years as senior advisor to the U.S. representative at the IMF. The U.S. delegation to the Group of 20 meeting of ministers and central bankers in Sydney, Australia will include these 2 senior officials. The appointments come as the U.S. has not moved in the direction of greater power sharing with emerging nations at the IMF, and the emerging markets crisis in 2013-2014 with India, Brazil and other countries critical of U.S. Fed policy leading to capital outflows. Sheets works well with central bankers from other countries and is well received as a consensus builder. Sobel is seen as more direct in presenting U.S. positions. ...

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An interview with Sir Howard Stringer, December 2007 at the 92nd Street Y in Manhattan. Note the reply to the learning Japanese question, direct and saying what it is and has to be in this situation. Its better if the senior Japanese learned English or talked in English because Sony is a copanythats huge in international markets. And it wasn't going to work for Sir Howard because he was'nt going to be conversational better to accept that fact and go on to getting Sony back on its feet as a pioneer which is how it started out under Morita in the sixties. The other response is to the question about closing factories and unprofitable businesses - he asked the senior Japanese staff to look at the numbers, to take a good hard look at the numbers, what did they have to do in all honesty in the light of their situation. Interesting not much else was needed. Refreshing direct and honest approach to the issues. Best is the response to the question about his job, he wonders if he will survive this intact, will he survive this in one piece, which would be a real miracle. An Englishman who is an American in England, an Englishman in America, and a westerner in Japan. ...

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The median household headed by a person 60-62 years of age with a 401(k) account has less than one fourth of what is needed to maintain a standard of living at retirement, according to data from the Federal Reserve and analyzed by the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College for the Wall Street Journal. Including Social Security and any pensions or other savings, the savings are way short of what is needed for retirement. Households used in this data had a median income of $87,700 in 2009. The 85% needed for a decent standard of living upon retirement is $74,545. Social Security would provide an estimated 40% of pre-retiremment income, or $35,080 for that median family, leaving $39,465 that has to come from other sources. The median 401(k) account has $149,400 which would only provide a fixed income each year of $9,073- only one fourth of the $39,465 needed. To generate that $39,465, households have to have $636,673, and only 8% of American households approaching retirement have that amount. Half of the families have other pension income of $26,500 a year, which added to $9,073 in 401(k) income gets the total income up to $35,573. Other studies using different data by the Employee Benefit Research Institute show results that are largely similiar. The Employee Benefit Research Institute, is supported by 401(k) providers. Its estimate of the median person is based on individuals in the 60's who have worked at the same company for more than 30 years. This data shows an estimated median person having about $158,754, not much different from the Fed data. Why is the amount in most Americans 401(k) savings so low? There was a mistaken sense that a 6% annual contribution, with a 3% company match would be enough. Vanguard Group says the current median amount that people contribute is 9%, counting the employer contribution. Now Vanguard is advising people to contribute more, 12 to 15%, including the employer contribution. Other problems for the low savings is that saving started late, or contributions were suspended after a job loss, or medical emergencies, other debt. The stock market collapses of 2000-2002 and 2007-2009, added to the problems, by wiping out a portion of the savings. The low rate of interest on savings for most of the last decade hurt even conservative investors and lowers the kind of retirement account income used by seniors. The way people are coping with this is to work longer, in some cases into the 70's, cutting down on spending for food, travel, and taking greater risks for higher returns, risks that could make the situation worse....

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Japan's central bank, the Bank of Japan, is under pressure from the government to do more to address deflation and the appreciation of the yen. The central bank increased purchase of government bonds to 10 trillion yen ($124.7 billion) in February 2012, and set a goal of 1% inflation. A senior cabinet ofice official attending the central bank policy meetings of April 9-10, stated that the government expects the Bank of Japan to "promptly" achieve the inflation rate of 1%.

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IHS reports show the cost of making the Galaxy S 4 smartphone with 16 gigabytes of flash memory is about $244. This is 15% more than the cost for the Galaxy III and 17% more than Apple iPhone 5 with 16 gigabyte memory. Higher cost is due to better sensors, a better processor, and larger full high-definition display for upgrades. Samsung plans to launch the new phone in April 2013 in 155 countries. Unlike Apple Samsung does its own manufacturing providing it an edge in hardware capabilities.

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This NYT report looks at the Kushner family's history including problems the family real estate business has from family troubles over two decades. Jared Kushner, 37 years,  is senior White House adviser. The report says the rise in prominence of the Kushner family in politics has adversely affected the family business because of increased scrutiny and investigations, and deals with China for financing have stalled as a result. A major project of the Kushner family, a 41 story dilapidated Fifth Avenue Tower in New York that was to be replaced with a new structure now lacks financing from Chinese investors as a result of public scrutiny. Only 10 months are left before a $1.2 billion mortgage on this aging property lacking enough tenants comes due for the elder Kushner. 

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Job prospects for college graduates in 2011 are showing significant improvement from the previous year. About 19% more graduates will be hired in 2011 compared to 2010, according to the National Association of Colleges and Employers. For college seniors, the survey shows 41% having an offer in 2011 compared to 38% in 2010. But the situation remains difficult for students who graduated in 2009 and 2010. Ernst & Young hired 2800 graduates in 2011- up 22% from 2010. The jobless rate for college graduates in the age group 20-24 is 6.4% in April 2011, coming down from 7.1% in the prior year, according to the Labor Department. In April 2007 the unemployment rate was 3.5%. The situation is uneven, with better prospects for graduates in computer science, engineering, accounting and economics, and most of the jobs in the private sector.

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Questions about the every 5 years 20th Party Congress of the CCP or Chinese Communist Party, and the 2300 representatives attending from all parts of China are answered in this report in The Guardian.  Xi Jinping is expected to get a third term. To outsiders in US and Europe it is all about power in China, to insiders in China it is about China making it through the 100 years since the 1901 revolution and the tumult, the chaos of the first 100 years, and now a period of modernization and growing incomes,  the need to create jobs, tackle climate change, ensure a good future for the Chinese people. 2300 party members representing millions of party members in China attend the gathering. New appointments and retirements take place at this Congress. Of this there are 200 elite members of the Central Committee with voting rights. This central committee is responsible for electing a 25 member Politburo, of which the seven most senior persons are appointed to the Politburo Standing Committee. Xi Jinping is the General Secretary, the most senior position in this hierarchy. Age related retirements are at 68 years and a new Politburo standing committee is announced at each Congress. After the Bo Xilai effort to take power and take China in a new and unknown direction, and the gradual loss of the party's respect from corruption and abuses of power by local officials, Xi Jinping sensed problems in the future and conducted a anti-corruption campaign. Most of the system of government set up during the Deng and Jiang Zemin years after 1980 remains in place with Jinping calling for a revival of China, the next stage of modernization, under the banner of the CCP. The result of the anti-corruption campaign and a third term assumed by Xi including lifting of a term limit for heading the CCP, gives Xi Jinping an opportunity to shape the future for China as Deng did after 1980. Jinping in the manner of Deng sees the CCP as the organization that can continue the modernization and growth of China. The model set by Deng and Zemin of local autonomy for economy and centralized overall direction continues under Jinping who is General Secretary since 2012. China has made rapid growth during the period 2000-2022, but faces challenges of reorienting its economy away from dependence on a tight economic export oriented relationship with the US and EU, as supply chains are being shifted after the pandemic. This means more unemployment and need for careful economic planning and investment to create jobs in other sectors, and to meet the challenges of unequal distribution of wealth in China after hypergrowth that hurt China in some ways, and in the climate change effects of use of coal other fossil fuels. As focus of interest is on Jinping externally, within China it is these three challenges that must be uppermost in the minds of the 20th Congress members. Much of this stems from the tumult of the century that began with the 1901 revolution through Japanese invasion and upheavals in the 60's and 70's, leading to the rare period of stability and growth in the last 20 years. Jinping like Deng and Zemin has personal memories of the anguish of this period and the tumult, the chaos of the 20th century for China, and the yearning for stability with modernization.   ...

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China's economy is feeling the effects of a sharp slowdown of the economy with covid lockdowns in 2022 and the Ukraine crisis undermining confidence in China. Internal divisions on president Xi's policies of allying with Russia on Ukraine are shown in this report by the WSJ. China faces a collapse of its relationship with the US and Europe says the WSJ. With it China's economic growth faces a sharp slowdown.  From 18% at the beginning of 2021 economic growth has slowed down to 4% in fourth quarter of 2021. The current situation in Ukraine and Mr. Xi's response create risks of collateral damage for Chinese manufacturers with weakening global demand, says the WSJ. Deng Xiaoping's policy of opening China which happened for the last 40 years is being reversed with Mr. Xi's policies and the stance taken by the Biden administration is supported by the US Congress by both Republicans and Democrats.  This WSJ report points out that premier Li Keqiang has pointed to the risks China is facing in somber tones calling the external environment for China in 2022 "more complex and severe." At the same time Hu Wei a senior adviser to the State Council stirred up discussion online with an article about Mr. Xi's pro-Russian policy, saying "China can't be tied to Putin and the ties need to be cut off as soon as possible."  ...

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Wang Yi, a senior adviser for China's decarbonization strategy and 5 year plan has this to say about China's approach to climate change. Yi says it is more important to focus on what actions are to be taken between now and 2030. Here he says China has outlined concrete steps that it will take that the world media has not covered in its coverage of COP26 Glasgow. Yi says China is making changes to its entire system not only its energy sector, across the whole society and the economy. Yet he says "nobody knows this." The working guidance document for carbon control China has put out says it will peak coal consumption by 2025.  Yi says it is unfair to ask China to close all coal powered plants, saying that if these plants with a life of 10 years were closed now who will pay for stranded assets and who will hire the laid off workers. He called attention to western nations failure to provide climate finance to China, India and developing countries. And he called attention to the the plans that by 2030 Chinese investment is to have 1200 gigawatts of installed solar and wind energy, more than the entire installed electricity capacity of the US. He says we are all in the same boat yet in different cabins, with some living in bigger space and consuming too much. ...