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PM Modi inaugurates 5G service in 13 cities in India. These cities are Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Pune, Delhi, Gurugram, Chandigarh, Jamnagar, Lucknow, Bengaluru, Chennai, Varanasi, and Kolkata. Other cities will be connected in the next few months and other parts of India in the next phase of 1 to 3 years. Jio's Akash Ambani and Mukesh Ambani took the leadership role in pioneering 4G in India. Jio is now playing a key role in pioneering the transformational technology of 5G throughout India.

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The leader of the company Jio that pioneered 4G development in India, says India will grow at an unprecedented  acceleration to become a $5 trillion economy, one of the targets of the government. He says under the "atmannirbhar" vision of self-reliant economy, his company will lead the development of 5G in India in the second half of 2021 using home made technologies. Mukesh Ambani was speaking at the Indian Mobile Congress 2020.

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A telecom price war in India leaves Vodafone and Reliance Communications with huge losses. This is the result of an offer of free internet for 6 months by Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Jio. Jio has extended this offer for another 3 months. With this offer Jio a new entrant to telecom has gained 100 million subscribers in a short period.

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Anil Ambani's Reliance Communication's is being investigated in India's Telecom scandal.The shares of his public companies have fallen by 50% or $17.9 billion since August 2009, according to an estimate by Bloomberg. A report by Kotak Securities Ltd, says Reliance Communications reported higher revenue numbers to investors than it showed to telecom regulators. This has led to a government audit of Reliance Commmunications. The market value of his publicly traded companies fell on Feb 9, 2010, by $2.9 billion, when an Indian accountants association questioned Reliance's finances that day. Total debt of Reliance Commnications, Reliance Power and Reliance Infrastructure Ltd, is $10 billon larger than cash and equivalents according to Bloomberg.

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Mr. Ambani's Jio company is targeting both ends of the pyramid. It is investing $25 billion on a 5G network coming in late 2023. At the lower end a new $12 mobile phone calld JioBharat by India's largest telecom provider aims to reach 250 million people who use 2G mobile phones. Mobile phone penetration in India is about 46% in 2021, up from 17% in 2016, according to World Bank. This is largely due to the efforts of Mr. Ambani who built a 4G network from scratch and has 440 million subscribers with some of the lowest data rates in the world. The new phone has a smaller screen, physical keyboard, camera and runs on 4G. 

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Vodafone announces a merger with Idea Cellular Ltd to become India's largest telecom carrier in March 2017. Vodafone has spent heavily in acquiring companies after selling its stake in Verizon Wireless in 2014. It faces tough competition in the price sensitive Indian market with some plans going for as little as $3 a month, and the offer of 6 month services for free by Mr. Ambani's carrier. In Nov. 2015 Vodafone took a 5 billion euro writeoff for its Indian operations.

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The Hindu's Piyush Pandey describes the fire sale of assets that is planned as the Reserve Bank of India pushes forward with the effort to clean up the balance sheets of Indian banks. Indian banks have an estimated 5 lakh crore of bad loans. Separately Crisil ratings agency cited the bad loans in the banking system as a hurdle that must be cleared for India to make the necessary investments in infrastructure in the next five year period 2018-2022. The Hindu's own review shows a startling amount of debt in the ten largest corporate business groups in India-  500,000 crore of debt to the banks. Anil Ambani's group alone owes 121,000 crores to the banks, with some of the businesses not able to service the debt. Canadian pension funds, Nippon Life Insurance and other foreign companies are taking stakes in business as this process takes place. The Mukesh Amani Group alone has increased the debt load as a result of the 150,000 crore rupees spent on Reliance Jio. Other investments that have led to losses is the steel business of Tata Group in Britain, which is down to zero value, says the Hindu. This report gives details of the fire sale for the other leading companies in India. ...

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A potato farmer in the Himalyan foothills is able to buy his first refrigerator using his Jio smartphone, even though he lives in a remote part of  India with no paved roads or indoor plumbing. Jio is the company founded by Reliance Industries head Mukesh Ambani, that is changing the way India shops and how it accesses the internet. Jio brings 4G technology to India and dramatically brings down data prices. To do this Reliance used its past success in executing big projects. It was designed to be a network that reached 18,000 cities and towns, and 200,000 villages, some lacking electricity, requiring 200,000 cell towers and 150,000 miles of high tech fiber optic cable. The project is now essentially completed, according to the company. This may be the biggest one it has tackled. Starting in polyester yarn and textile business, and in oil refineries, the company sought to diversify into digital platforms to compete with the likes of Google and Netflix. Ambani sees Jio not as a telecom business but as a digital platform and plans to use it to sell advertising, sell content, and financial services, also selling high speed broadband services. Ambani's project was designed to give India the opportunity to leapfrog into 4G and high speed internet and do this along with expanding the access through lower prices in the market to reach millions of people in remote regions of India including rural areas. Low cost access to data helps level the playing field between the rich and the poor. There are about 390 million internet users in India, penetration of 28%. This is now changing rapidly as prices drop - the potato farmer who bought his first fridge did this on his phone, connecting online with Jio which built a tower nearby that beamed nearly unlimited 4G data for about $2.10 a month. Jio has now signed up 215 million subscribers with its low cost service. Bharti Airtel and Vodafone are larger competitors but it is Jio that has revolutionized the market in India, and which now enables companies like Amazon to use the new 4G services to build its retail online business.   ...

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Mukesh Ambani, chairman of Reliance Industries Ltd. has agreed to acquire Infotel Broadband Services Pvt. Ltd. Infotel earlier won the rights in a government auction for wireless broadband space. Mukesh returns to telecom industry after 5 years now that the agreement with the Anil Ambani Reliance ADA Group not to enter each others sectors has been scrapped. Reliance ADA, Bharti Airtel, and Vodafone Essar are focussed on the 3G broadband serivices. With Infotel Mukesh Ambani makes a entry into 4G or fourth generation services. He sees this as an opportunity to push India in an accelerated pace into the digital world, and it will require large scale investment of a kind that he has made in the past using the latest technologies. The Indian government raised $8.23 billion in this auction. Infotel agreed to pay $2.74 billion for its nationwide bandwidth, Qualcomm won rights in 4 regions for $1 billion, Bharti agreed to pay $720 million for 4 areas, and Aircel $747 million for eight areas. ...

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Swaminathan Iyer in the Times of India looks at the Hindenburg report from another angle. It brings a sort of self-discipline at a crucial time for the Adani enterprises in coal, renewable energy, ports and logistics. By taking note of the criticisms where Adani enterprises can benefit from scaling down the level of debt it puts the company in a better situation for the future. After two decades of breakneck expansion it provides the kind of pause needed to rationalize the entire business operation and put it on a stronger basis. As Iyer points out the Adani and Ambani story in ports logistics and telecom show a delivery of results that few other companies were willing to do. It is this kind of endeavor that made it possible for China to build a large economy over two decades. This also requires companies to take stock of the situation and impose self discipline and the measure of their future success depends on how they meet situations such as these where they are being tested and weak areas that need attention become apparent. ...

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Reliance's shares for its new IPO in the power sector fell 17% below the opening price of 450 ruppees. Instead of doubling as investors expected the shares closed at 372 ruppees for the power generation startup company of the Anil Ambani Reliance Group. Reliance raised $3 billion for the new company. Reliance sold 260 million shares to small retail investors for a 10.1 % stake in the company in less than 1 minute in mid Jan 2008. It closed for more than 70 times the the number of share offered. But the reliance name is no guarantee of rising share prices as new economic winds blow over Asia from the US credit and mortgage crisis, creating global effects of downturn in the economy.

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Just the idea that Starbucks was planning to open 1600 stores this year tells you that something was going to give at this breakneck rate of expansion. There's just no way training of employees let alone finding enthusiastic employees interested in giving first time and repeat customers a real warm friendly and exciting experience of the Italian expresso cafes that Schultz visited in the eighties, the sense of community and place to gather setting and the atmosphere. This is an awfully difficult thing to replicate. Starbucks has over 10,000 locations in the USA and at that point existing stores could take sales from other Starbucks stores and the experience deteriorate in some Starbucks to the point that Dunkin Donuts became a competitor of Starbucks suggesting that Starbucks was quickly losing its upscale appeal and cache, the special effect of its logo and its brand name. See the link to this article on McDonalds expansion into Starbucks type coffee and baristas concept. This may be the biggest dilution of a brand name in a long time. Reading his autobiography one senses a passion that brought a Brooklyn kid counting himself fortunate to get a college education, a kid who quickly grasped the opportunity in the way Italians drank their cafesitas and coffee in community setting cafes, and at the same time the feeling that could this New Yorker somehow Americanize or massmarket this concept to the point of making it like fastfood, or so afficionados passionate about coffee appeared to fear in his early encounters with them. Well now its happened, and Starbucks is being talked about in relation to McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts. Schultz makes an honest assessment though in saying that he was part of the team that made the decisions and let this happen, and let the bureaucracy that he is now trying to cut grow around him, and made the decisions that cheapened the Starbucks experience over time like drive throughs and so on. The Howard Schultz story of a Brooklyn American kid making good is reminiscent of the story of Dhirubhai Ambani, of a Saurashtan Indian making good in the polyester manufacturing business but making errors in the breakneck expansion....

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Reliance Industries plan for new 4G telecom network in India using the latest technologies.

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Modi's success in tackling problems of electricity development in Gujarat state and the model for India, as a new Modi administration is elected for India in 2014. Other areas that are the focus for development include high speed rail and transportation, other infrastructure development, creating new jobs in manufacturing. Modi made three trips to China in the last decade as a four term chief minister of Gujarat state (similiar to a governor of a U.S. state), and has adopted a China type focus on infrastructure development and manufacturing for the western state of Gujarat, which was part of the old Bombay state in British times. Mumbai, the new name for the old British settlement of Bombay on the west coast, is about 300 miles south of the major Gujarat city of Ahmedabad, at one time a major textile manufacturing center. Mumbai and commercial minded people from Gujarat occupy a role similiar to Shanghai in India's economic development. Under British times trading minded Gujaratis settled on the east and southern coast of Africa, in the Persian Gulf, with retail businesses. Of India's two largest companies the Reliance Group made its early start in textiles in Gujarat in the seventies, set up by a young emigrant who returned from the Persian Gulf. The Tata Group which owns Land Rover was set up by a Parsi immigrant community in Gujarat. Its founder Jamshedji Tata set up India's steel industry under the British at the turn of the century. The Parsis settled in Navsari, Gujarat, immigrating from Iran and other parts of the Persian Gulf centuries ago. When the media talks of Modi's origins as a tea seller's son, one has to take this in the context of the origins of people such as Reliance founder Ambani who was the son of a schoolteacher from a rural village in Gujarat. With about a 1000 mile coastline facing the Persian Gulf, Gujarat has been known to engage in the textile trade long before the arrival of the Portuguese and the British in the 1600's, and before the Muslim period from the 1300's. Many Gujaratis settled in Mumbai and are a key part of the commercial, financial center in the city. Just as Britain with its commercial centre of London evolved over centuries with commerce affecting attitudes towards democracy, free media and capitalism compared to more feudal France, Gujarat and Mumbai has evolved in a similiar manner compared to other states in the north of India. With all the media infomation and misinformation on Modi's mishandling of communal riots little has been said of the unique position of Gujarat and Gujaratis in the industrial development and modernization of India. Compared to other parts of India historically there is a greater degree of tolerance in Gujarat for other communities, similiar to Britain's compared to France and Spain, because of this commercial outward looking orientation for new ideas. ...