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Prof. Mohammad Ayoob of Michigan State University looks at the tit for tat military responses of India and Pakistan and tries to interpret the mixed signals of the Pakistan military and civilian president Imran Khan. He says Imran Khan had the difficult task of being in line with the top generals of the Pakistan military and at the same time responding to international pressures to de-escalate the crisis. Imran Khan asked India not to take the confrontation further or Pakistan would have to retaliate, and at the same time emphasized de-escalation as the goal with pressure from Saudi Arabia, the U.S. and China. The nuclear doctrines of the two countries which differ from the manner in which the U.S. and Soviets operated during the Cold War, also make escalation dangerous. Prof. Mohammad points out that the military in Pakistan plays a different role in the state since it was created in 1947. With military control of nuclear weapons any danger of losing control of the state and its position in the state since 1947 could lead to reckless strategies, says Prof. Mohammad. Mr. Imran Khan had to speak in different terms to different audiences in a kind of double speak in this situation. Mr. Khan spoke in terms of development and the need for Pakistan to fund the needed infrastructure always at the back of the mind in the current situation at the outset of the crisis. Much of this was lost in the ensuing hours of the crisis. Yet this remains the dominant need in South Asia as Mr. Imran Khan faces the challenge of meeting his promises for development as much as Mr. Modi faces the challenges of development to catchup with Asian neighbors South Korea and China who have shown how this can be done. A longer memory does show China and South Korea falling behind in the fifties and sixties before making great progress in the last 3 decades by pursuing peaceful cooperation with earlier adversary Japan,  and in the case of China the U.S.  Anyone familiar with the role played by the U.S. in China's civil war, and the Japanese invasions of Korea and China, during four decades of conflict,  followed by the cooperation offered by Japan and the U.S. to first South Korea and then China can see that progress is possible and lays the foundation for development. A recent article in The Guardian reports that China now lays more concrete every 2 years than the U.S. did for the entire twentieth century. None of this would be possible had Chinese leaders in their wisdom and passion for development not pursued development first and foremost, setting aside historic wounds. ...

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As the related article in The Washington Post points out the narrative inside India relates more to the the sense that terrorism has been a persistent problem for India and the public's sense that action was needed. Most of the issues in South Asia relate to development, roads, dams, bridges, airports and housing that need to be built, healthcare, sanitation and education on a massive scale. This is an area where India can show the way forward for South Asia, and be the real test for Mr. Modi after the many projects that he has initiated in India in the first term. It is only ordinary Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Sri Lankans, and other people in South Asia that are paying the price for neglect of development and infrastructure as China, South Korea and other nations have forged ahead. A focus on development is the right sphere for competition both for Mr. Modi and for people in the region.

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This report in The Times says one of the things going wrong at the talks for denuclearization between the U.S. president and Kim Jon-Un of North Korea in Hanoi was Mr. Trump's sense that he had a special rapport with Kim.  Another reason for breakdown in the talks it says was Mr. Trump's view that the most important thing was to end missile testing and further development, not denuclearization. 

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The former Chief Election Commissioner of India, Mr. S.Y Quraishi, looks at the 2019 Nigerian elections. Nigeria has about 47% of the population of West Africa. Muslims and Christians are almost equal in numbers and there are 300 ethnic groups. About 82.3 million voters were registered to vote. Quraishi sees the 41% registered voters to be disproportionate to the total population. In India about 62% of the total population is registered to vote. The Independent National Election Commission (INEC) chairman, Mr. Mahmood Yakubu, says security, fake news, hate  speech, and expenditure control are the top issues. Postponement, delays and chaos at polling stations contributed to a historic low turnout, 35.6% compared to 44% in 2015. Police presence was discreet and needed for the elections. A coalition of 70 civic organizations monitored the elections and contributed to its credibility. In Lagos there were 1.1 million valid votes. India has strong interest in Nigeria's democracy. Over 135 Indian companies have operations in Nigeria, including  State Bank of India, Bharti Airtel, Tata, Bajaj, Birla, Kirloskar, Mahindra. The election commissions of the two countries have met yet there is need for more engagement. About 50,000 Indians live in Nigeria. By continuing the process established by the two earlier elections including a peaceful transition from Mr. Goodfellow to Mr. Buhari, Nigeria is strengthening the democratic process. In continuing the fight against corruption, building infrastructure, the difficult process of modernization and development is taking place even with difficult economic conditions. ...

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Since 2003 China has poured more concrete every 2 years than America has done over the whole 20th century. China uses 50% of the world's concrete. Roads, rail, bridges, dams account for one third of the growth of the Chinese economy in 2017.

A huge project of president Jinping is the new airport with plans for 4 runways and handling 200 million passengers a year. The current airport handles 96 million passengers a year.

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U.S. North Korea talks between president Trump and Kim Jong-Un collapse as North Korea insists on the complete lifting of sanctions offering only to close down one nuclear facility in exchange. The talks were held in Hanoi, Vietnam. Kim agreed to close down the Yongbyon nuclear complex, but the country has also 2 other facilities where uranium is enriched. Kim wanted to keep these other facilities and not offer the entire nuclear facilities.

The first summit in Singapore did not lead to any agreement.

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President Trump's lawyer Cohen provides testimony to the U.S. Congress on activities on behalf of Mr. Trump. Cohen provided more details on the Russian involvement in the presidential election and Wikileaks leaks on the Democratic Party. He also described his role as a fixer for Mr. Trump, always defending, and arranging for Mr. Trump, something that he said "monopolized my life." Mr. Cohen and Mr. Stone were close to Mr. Trump during and before the campaign. Both are under investigation by Special Counsel Mueller.

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The U.S. is falling behind China in the race to setup 5G technology networks. This requires government collaboration with private industry that was missing in the U.S. China has taken the lead by prioritizing 5G global leadership through central planning, subsidies, university training, and recruitment of tech talent. 

In the U.S. a small group of activists made net neutrality an issue says the WSJ leading to extensive proceedings at the FCC and acting as a distraction from the task of setting up 5G capabilities. The U.S. now has to catchup in this field using its strong 4G network for upgrading to 5G and its innovative tech culture for the apps needed.