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Ma Jun, economist who worked for the IMF, World Bank, and Deutsche Bank is the Chief Economist of the People's Bank of China (PBOC) in April 2014.

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Argentina's 25% export tax on soyabeans exports  has led to a mere 8% increase in soyabean acreage since 2009 compared to 118% in Brazil that has no such tax. Productivity in agriculture is restricted because lower profits mean less is invested in patented seeds and agricultural equipment. Agriculture becomes less profitable. There is also a 10% tax on wheat exports. These taxes did not exist by 2000 in Latin American countries. Under Nestor Kirchner Argentina reintroduced the export tax after repudiating the debt, devaluing the peso, and shifting the economy to diverting more agricultural production for domestic use. This worked for a while during the crisis. It is now a problem limiting growth of agricultural exports and limiting economic growth. Even under Xavier Milei, the new president who is discarding many parts of the old regime, the export tax is not discarded as it is needed to balance the budget to fight high inflation.

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A look at the Centennial celebrations in 1876, the 150th anniversary and the 200th anniversary in 1976, and now the 250th anniversary preparations in 2026 for American Independence.

No mention is made of the man who made all this possible- George Washington, with his humility, his leadership of the Continental Army in the difficult days ahead as the Nation fought its way through a long struggle with Britain. Britain used it's Navy at the time the most powerful in the world, it's economic power of the British Empire, and it's arms manufacturing power to defeat the Continental Army of the new nation. It was not until the decisive battle of Yorktown in 1781 in which George Washington surrounded the base of British troops stationed there that the war was won. For seven years George Washington persevered through many obstacles to win the war for future generations of Americans.

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The resilience of 4 young Ukrainian women in their 30's is shown in this Guardian report by Charlotte Higgins in the Guardian's Ukraine in Depth series in 2025. Charlotte Higgins report shows the lives of 4 Ukrainian women, wives, mothers, fighters, in their 30's from Kviv who keep that war torn nation going in 2025. Women have options to leave the country compared to men in Ukraine. These women decided to live in Ukraine in the middle of wars and rocket missile attacks where their children were not safe and where their offices were bombed and they had to move to other offices and locations. Some had served in the army as medics. See the companion in depth stories of Nova Poshta the resilience of people in the postal service that keeps Ukraine going delivering millions of parcels each day across the country in next day service, even in war zones under missile attacks.

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Peter Bernstein, colleague of Robert Heilbroner, economic historian, communicator and developer of efficient market theory and portfolio theory. He wrote several books on capital, risk and Wall Street and diversified investing. He like Heilbroner was a Keynesian, who believed government spending was critical to supporting the economy, and disagreed with Reagan. He believed that the deficit was not too large relative to the nations output, and government's role in the economy should not be curtailed. Government spending was necessary to a healthy market economy in Bernstein's view. His other point was that regulation of markets was needed to prevent a market collapse. His view was that the wealth and entrepreneurial energy generated by arising stock market were worth the risk. In a semimonthly newsletter he published for many years he said a week before he passed away at 90, that "with hindsight, most readers today would find our position in 2005 to have been a prescription for tragedy." He went on to say quoting Alfrd Tennyson, " tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all. There was wisdom in Tennyson's words. Who can say he was wrong beyond debate? That would be asorry world indeed." Whats is interesting this that unlike many who get blinded to dangers such as selfinterested behaviour like that of the ratings agencies, the mortgage innovators who were more selfinterested than innovators, and banking executives interested in their bonuses, Bernstein, Heilbroner and others like him take positions on either side on the merits and on ethics, leaving out ideological bias. He is for financial innovation but is cautious at the same time, preferring to build theory he says. Its interesting that in 2005, he wrote the book "Wedding of the Waters: The Erie Canal and the Making of a Great Nation," a subject that another financial industry leader from that period, Felix Rohatyn, also talks about in his book "Bold Endeavours." There is a difference in the kind of selfinterested and reckless "innovation" of Mozilo, Prince and Moody's successors in the ratings agencies, and the innovation, watchfulness and entrepreneurial energy that Moody, Rohatyn and Bernstein have in mind....

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World War I was the first major worldwide war since the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars, and World War II was fought after World War I's punitive reparations exacted from Germany led to the Nazis. US General Pershing did not want to see the French negotiate the settlement, preferring the war to continue till the destruction of the German Empire's war machine rebuilt by the Nazis. Mistakes were made in Europe for which millions of Americans gave their lives to liberate Europe. Russians and Americans see themselves as part of western civilization. On this point there is no difference, none, it is only who is the more important and whose view of the world is right. Asian civilization including China and India see the benefits of western civilization, of the Renaissance, the Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution and embrace it wholeheartedly and wish it had come sooner on of their own volition and intent. Other than the Korean and Vietnam wars fought in their origins against the Japanese and the French colonialism and Empires, the wars of the Middle East since the end of colonialism stand out. In Iraq, Iran, Syria, Afghanistan, Yemen the only other major wars since the 1970's there are religious and ethnic wars that are of no interest to the people of three continents Europe, Americas, and East and South Asia, for whom the spread of nuclear weapons to the Gulf region brings nothing but dangerous developments for their peoples and for the peace of the world. ...

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Rachel Reeves plan to cut disability benefits was very unpopular with Labor voters. You.Gov poll showing Reform UK Nigel Farage party winning more seats than Labor was the last straw. As a public defender Keir Starmer was a lawyer for the Crown, and lacked the confidence to try to understand macroeconomics delegating it to Rachel Reeves. Starmer made the kind of decision that Scholz made that led to disaster for Scholz in Germany. He promised the voters to invest in the economy yet gave the finance minister post to Christian Lindner of the Free Democrats who was openly blocking every move to invest in Germany. Starmer was making the same mistake in UK having Rachel Reeves block every effort for commonsense and honest decisionmaking. DJT in the US is not the old conservative Republican he is commonsense and straightforward. Starmer could not simply cut disability and other benefits after 15 years of Consevatives austerity budget. DJT's cuts come after liberal some could say overspending by 4 years of Biden, so that Labor had to think carefully.  Nigel Farage of UK was simply going to use Reeves cuts to appeal to Labor voters, and to move to show he would support working class voters in different ways, which is why You-gov showed him beating Labor last week. Reeves would prove a disaster waiting to happen for Labor that it did not need particularly as Farage does not have the grasp of the economy that DJT with Bessent at Treasury and Powell at Fed has. ...

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Seib cites as a key reason why the presidential race in the U.S. could change- Romney leads by three percentage points over Obama among voters most intensely interested in voting. Another related reason is the plan to reach out to low intensity voters, with the Romney campaign having knocked on 2 million more doors already than they did in all of 2008. Some of the intensely interested voters are more against Obama than in favor of Romney, something Obama experienced in 2008 with the anti-Bush sentiment over the war in Iraq carrying over to support for the Democratic ticket. Another part of the undecided voter sentiment is that more of these voters compared to other voters are dissatisfied with the current condition of the economy and the direction the country is taking. Other reasons that could be cited are the volatile situation in the Middle East which could create questions in voter minds about American resolve in that region, dissatisfaction among some black voters with the deteriorating economic situation for black people, and the lack of intensity among Hispanic voters who feel the Obama administration did not keep its promises on immigration changes, the poor performance of the economy in industrial states of the midwest and east with decline in incomes....

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DJT White House Cabinet Meetings: Susie Wiles in tight cursive, Bessent writes "parallel prosperity" and "blue collar boom," on notepad, Lutnick says "why not copper tariff," DJT talks about why he is not fond of windmills. All the time a picture of Abraham Lincoln in a small four person meeting around a round table watches everyone. You have to have some humor in cabinet meetings. DJT brings humor to the White House, lightening up the mood, while he says new letters will go out to Japan, South Korea and EU, recalcitrant nations when it comes to negotiations for agreements, and Putin is voicing meaningless platitudes on his desire for peace.

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Problems with loans in the New York taxi services and efforts to set up a $500 million loan rescue program for taxidrivers who were sold medallions at exorbitant prices.

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Sam Dagher of the WSJ provides this exceptional account of mothers on both sides of the civil war in Syria and their sons who are missing, in the war around Damascus.

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The problem of breakthrough infections requires people to follow all necessary prevention measures including social distancing, mask use, ventilation of indoor spaces, and hand washing, even if they are fully vaccinated. People who have taken vaccination very early in 2021 and have waning protection need a booster shot to build up immunity levels. Studies show that breakthrough infections can take place, making it all the more important to take all precautions.

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A year long study by the Washington Post of all shootings by the the police in incidents of law enforcement in the U.S. shows only about 4% of the incidents involve police killing unarmed black persons. Yet a disproprotionate number of unarmed men shot are black or Hispanic- 3 of 5 people. The large majority of incidents involved people who were mentally troubled most of whom carried a weapon, persons carrying a weapon, or persons running from the police when asked to stop. The WP has compiled every police shooting in its database for analysis, something even the FBI does not have and is only now starting to put together. For police the hard part is when to know a certain behaviour such as reaching into the pocket after a police chase was harmless or risking the officer's life, as shown in a video carried by officer Lisa Mearkle in Hummelstown, Pennsylvania, for one of the shootings. Mearkle was acquitted by the jury.

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A thin Republican majority in the single digits, many elected with an investigative mood, and 3 newcomers from New York who are moderates to be targeted at the outset by Democrats will make the House ungovernable says this analysis in the NYT of the US Congress midterms of 2022. 

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China's new approach to keep strict control over who goes in and out of affected areas in and near Wuhan where the coronavirus originated. This covers several cities and is being expanded as it spreads to limit how much it affects other parts of China and the world.

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Champs Elysees has become a tourist trap with about 72% of people on the avenue tourists. It is shunned by Parisians and most people who have seen it deteriorate so much. Now mayor Anne Hidalgo is planning a 200 million euro redesign to turn it into a garden space for locals.

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The improbable story of a quick turnaround if only one stays engaged, the story of college basketball coach Dan Monson of UC Long Beach who is asked to leave after losing several games and goes on to take his team to the NCAA Tournament with 3 wins in 3 days.

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Thodex cryptoexchange in Turkey lost $2 billion for users who could not withdraw funds. It imploded in 2021. The founder of this cryptoexchange was sentenced for a lengthy period by Turkey's prosecutors. WSJ compares sentences in Turkey to the sentences in the US for fraud and money laundering.

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US District Judge Lewis Kaplan cites messages saying the goal of donations from Sam Bankman Fried to political parties were for the purpose of weeding out people who had advised vigilance and prudence in crypto currency, as he sentences FTX's Ryan Salame to seven and half years.

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This WSJ report looks at NATO armies and the case of Sweden where conscript selection picks out 10% of the most motivated and healthy recruits including women. It is considered in employment as companies look for such recruits who have served for a period then joining the reservists. 

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Being blind was not a disability in this situation described by the BBC's Chief North America Correspondent Gary O'Donoghue, who has overcome difficult odds to cover North America. Here he describes what happened on the day of the shooting at a Trump rally in Pennsylvania.

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Finley describes the alienated white working class voters, at a Trump rally in Orlando, Florida, at the University of Central Florida CFE Arena, March 8, 2016. It includes a laidoff Disney employee who says she was told to train foreign workers on H1-B visas who would take her job, a money manager who bellieves it is time to be tough on immigrants, including ban on Muslims entering the country. She describes them as agitated and angry at what they see as the decline into mediocrity of the country.

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Ezra Klein cites Ed Luce, who writes in the Financial Times, that the real unemployment rate in the U.S. is 11%, when you count people who have no job but have given up looking after months of fruitless searching. These are the long term unemployed and pose risks for the economy and for society. Compared to 2007, the percent of people in the U.S with a job or actively looking for work has dropped from 62.7% to 58.5%. Luce's 11% is arrived at by considering these 62.7%, including millions of workers who have quit looking but would start looking again if the labor market brightens. This is important because U.S. government statistics show unemployment dropping below 9% in November 2009, supposedly an improvemment, when its actually the reverse that is actually happening. The real underemployment is nearly 20%.