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McGurn looks at a time when population growth was seen as an existential threat in China. China's population declined by 850,000 in 2022. An accompanying article in the NYT by Hawon Jung describes the views of South Korean women, which also reflect views of Chinese and Japanese women, about the uneven burdens of raising children between men and women, the discrimination against married women with young children in the workplace, the other challenges women face that have led to a marraige strike.

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Since the ouster of Mr. Licht amid falling ratings at CNN and protests by staff, the network is run by Amy Entelis, Virginia Moseley, Eric Shearling and David Leavy reporting to Mr. Zaslav head of Warner Brothers Discovery. CNN will now be run by Mark Thompson who ran BBC and New York Times. It comes at an important time for the country as 2024 is an election year. Mr. Licht was a late show producer, Mr. Thompson brings rare and extensive experience running large organizations that cover news for many decades since joining BBC in 1979. He joined as a BBC trainee and over 24 years by 2004 he headed the  vast BBC British network. 

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With so much coverage of other aspects of China,  to really understand China and Xi Jinping one has to understand the rural urban situation in China. Xi's long experience as a teenager in the cultural revolution of Mao was in rural areas, the 8 years he spent there till the age of 22, as this report by James Areddy with help of Yijun, Cheng and Qi aptly shows. It traces the shift and mass migration to cities starting with Deng's modernization drive in 1979. This shift of labor to city and town factories as the U.S. and Europe shifted factories and production to China is the story of our times. How it has both helped and hurt China and how it has become the dominant issue of our times, and a lesson for India in the middle of its own modernization and shift of labor to cities. It has helped China modernize with the shift during 1979 to 2016 and run into a road block with president Trump leading a movement in the U.S. of people most hurt by the outsourcing of factories and production to China. It was not meant to be this way. Yet the shift also led to ripping up the fabric of communities and towns with loss of factories across America over three decades. Because China is a large country the impact was huge decade after decade, leading to a backlash against lost jobs in the U.S. and in Europe.  Xi Jinping has romantic view of rural China as he spent 7 years in Shanxi province rural areas during the cultural revolution under Mao. During this period he toiled as part of farm labor alongside villagers which allowed him to get to know villagers and farmers in the countryside well, and formed his view of the world around him. As it is described in a description of the man in Chinese sources- "He arrived at the village as a slightly lost teenager and left as a 22 year old man determined to do something for the people."  China's system separated migrants from city dwellers not  giving same rights to better education, to schools and housing, and official documents separating the two, city dwellers and migrant populations from rural areas. As a result as China modernized and population shifted -shown here in excellent graphic charts over four decades- in 1979 from about 80% in rural areas and 20% in urban the shift goes to 50-50 by 2001. Today it is 40-60 with 60% in rural areas but a population of 40% suffering from severe inequalities and  low incomes. So that GDP per capita of $10,000 for China is deceiving. The real incomes in average disposable income is about $4300 in urban and $1700 in rural area, according to National Bureau of Statistics. High school education is hard enough to get in rural areas, medical care is very basic and the $1700 would hardly get a room in low income housing in a large town in China, says premier Li Keqiang. Keqiang did his masters thesis on urbanization and has studied this shift from his college days. Just as in Gandhi's India, Mao's China is the story of the villages, with 128,000 villages for 600 million people in Mr. Xi Jinping's anti-poverty drive. Hong Kong other issues have to be understood in the context of these concerns of China's leadership today- the sense that strong central leadership alone can keep the country together and bring a decent life to the people in the villages and in the countryside outside the cities.  Modernization of cities still set in the context of China's vast rural population and essential to its full uplift and progress. Xi has allocated $80 billion each year to bring roads, schools, medical facilities, and other amenities including electricity and modern heating. The idea now is to shift people back to the villages, find opportunities for jobs and livelihoods in farming, tourism with guesthouse facilities, and other occupations in the villages. The villages are being turned into attractive places to live one by one in this party drive and providing new enthusiasm and support for the party's efforts. India can learn from this experience in China. The western nations of the U.S. and Europe can no longer and will no longer undertake the wholesale shift of factories with loss of jobs to China or India to offer the prospect of bringing these countries to the kind of urbanization and overall prosperity of small nations like Japan and South Korea, which are a tiny fraction of the population of China and India+ Pakistan + Bangladesh. As a result China is changing strategy now with a return to some aspects of the informal economy in Chengdu with street peddlers and tiny retail, and return of migrants back to better built and improved villages in the countryside. A better life than in cities is possible this view says for people from these rural areas, if the rural areas are given modern facilities and construction and resources are allocated, job creation locally tackled. The villages can offer better air quality, better quality of life where villagers who earlier migrated to cities with ownership of land, when they are modernized with better roads and have better facilities for education, housing and healthcare, better amenities. The new approach is to strike a good balance for urbanization, by modernizing and investing in villages and small towns, so that cities can cope and overall life can be better than with mass migration and wholesale urbanization. It is also a balance that works well for the U.S. and Europe which can redirect manufacturing to their home regions as part of a better distributed and balanced supply chain than the one that was unwittingly built over the last three decades.    ...

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Cem Ozdemir, Baden-Wurttemberg State Premier, with roots in Turkey born in Stuttgart area (parents came to Germany in the 1960's). Cem Ozdemir is exceptional in his popularity in an affluent German state. The 2026 state election campaign was run with focus on Ozdemir, and he did well in his debate with the CDU leader in the state. He led his party to over 30% of the vote. A third of working class voters gave the AfD their vote and it made it to 19% of the vote. The CDU came in second with a half percentage point below the Greens at 29.5%. Ozdemir was pre school educator and has a degree in psychology before he joined the Greens party. Under Chancellor Schroeder he was domestic spokesperson, and under Chancellor Scholz in 2024 he was Agriculture Minister.

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US Forest Service agency plans to relocate it to Utah from Washington DC. The idea is to relocate to the communities it serves by placing 15 state directors to regions NFS serves. Salt Lake City's family focused life, its international airport and its lower cost of living are seen as attractive for recruitment. Utah is also one of the mountain states where large forests are located in the western US. Tom Schultz, head of the Forest Service says -"This is about building a Forest Service that is nimble, efficient, effective and closer to the forests and communities it serves." A network of centers of US Forest Service will also be used to redistribute personnel to regions and states- including ones at Colorado, Georgia, New Mexico, Montana, Wisconsin and California.

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Why Vietnam is gaining acceptance as a high tech and tech outsourcing hub in Asia after India, China and the Philipines. Wages are lower and Vietnam has a youg labor pool with a focus on math and science in the universities. Intel's decision to build a chip plant in Vietnam and interest from software companies suggests Vietnam will be a site for outsourcing competing with others in Asia. English language skills are a limitation as compared to India and Philipines.

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Melina Grundmann is the author of this video about Turkish life in Germany. What is it like for three generations of Turkish immigrants, 3.8 million Turkish people today after the first arrivals under a guest workers program in the 1960's. The guest workers program brought Turkish workers to Germany at a time of high unemployment in Germany and shortages of workers in German factories. One such factory was the Ford factory in Cologne which soon became a center for Turkish immigrants. It is useful to look at Turkish immigrants in Cologne and other German cities as one of the two researchers who researched and developed the Pfizer mRNA vaccine is a woman scientist whose father was a guest worker at the Ford factory in Cologne. Turkish people face an identity crisis as they work to fit into German society. Yet their contributions have made Germany prosperous. Some say even less boring as Turkish people are passionate and Turkish food is accepted in Germany. ...

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NYT's Catie Edmonson covers Speaker Mike Johnson as he meets other Republicans and organizations supporting Ukraine such as American Coalition for Ukraine, European leaders including Polish leaders, that show he is looking at different approaches to bringing up the supplemental bill for Ukraine and Israel in 2 weeks.  Options include doing two separate bills for aid to Ukraine and Israel to avoid the problem of Democrat far left voting against Israel aid and Republican far right voting against aid to Ukraine. The bill would require a two thirds majority because of House rules and some members of the Freedom Caucus opposing it. It would require a bipartisan effort. Speaker Mike Johnson has the advantage of coming in without any preconceived views, is philosophically similar to other younger ardent Republicans, as he is relatively new in Congress, and his style is such that nothing is personal. He says only his tactics are different. ...

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A course on diversity and how to avoid stereotyping people, at the Jericho Middle School in New York state.

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How small communities such as this one on the Tennessee river are advancing during the period of remote work and migration to smaller towns and cities in the US. The benefit is more space and a better quality of living. Chattanooga moved early on to build a super fast internet network.

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Alexander Van Der Bellen, a pro Europe independent candidate supported by the Green Party wins Austria's presidential election with 53.3% of the vote. The anti immigrant Freedom Party candidate Norbert Hofer wins 46% of the vote. Van Der Bellen is for an open Europe and is pro Europe. The election is seen in Germany as "lifting a great burden off of our shoulders," in the words of Sigmar Gabriel. This is important for the future of Europe as France, Netherlands and Germany face major elections in 2017.

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Jeb Bush sees many who come to the U.S. looking for a better life as similiar to people who arrived here in earlier waves of immigrants all the way back to 1800. He described the actions of many who come to the U.S. illegally as an "act of love," and "act of committment to family," in a talk at College Station Texas, on the 25th anniversary celebration of the presidency of his father, George H.W. Bush. Its breaking the law, he says, but different, not a felony. Benjamin Franklin describes German immigrants to Pennsylvania in his writings at a time when immigrants were what made this country. They were different in some ways then but long since became part of the fabric of America, as have new immigrants in the different periods of the 19th and 20th century. Here is what Benjamin Franklin says about the German immigrants whom he praises for habitual "Industry and Frugality they bring with them," in a letter to Peter Collinson, May 19th 1753, addressing the fears as well as what they could bring to the new country, which throws light on todays immigration debates in a new light. "In short unless the stream of their importation could be turned from this to other colonies, as you very judiciously propose, they will soon so out number us, that all the advantages we have will not in My Opinion be able to preserve our language, and even our government will become precarious." And then saying in the same letter-"Yet I am not for refusing entirely to admit them into our Colonies: all that seems to be necessary, is, to distribute them more equally, mix them with the English, establish English Schools where they are now too thick settled, and take some care to prevent the practice lately fallen into by some of the Ship Owners, of sweeping the German Goals to make up the number of their passengers. I say I am not against the Admission of Germans in general, for they have their Virtues, their industry and frugality is exemplary; They are excellent husbandmen and contribute greatly to the improvement of a Country." ...

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JP Morgan estimates that 150 million Chinese were in the stock market at the end of 2007. THese would be in the urban areas and in large cities where the brokerage houses are located. As a percentage of the new middle class this is is a significant part of the urban population. The drop in the Shanghai stock exchange of 46% from its high in October 2007 is going to significantly impact consumption in 2008 and 2009 as savings of the average person on the street have taken a big hit And 15-20 % of the earnings of pubicly listed companies on the Shanghai stock exchangenot involved in banking and finance came from stock trading gains according to experts. If you add the earnings of financial companies and banks then you have banks having large losses which happened in Japan from the drop in their stock assets holdings, and reluctant to lend to business leading to a tightening in credit and a contraction in the economy from another angle. Something similiar to what happened to banks in the USA but in that case originating from a housing bubble. The industrial companies that engaged in stock trading would also have a drop in assets and earnings and thus have less to invest. That this would lead to a small drop in growth rates is not plausible, growth rates dropping from 11 to 9% as some experts say. Because there are overextensions in other areas such as real estate and other negative factors such as rising inflation including rising food prices, rising oil prices, and rising labor costs, and a slowdown in the export sector as markets in the western countries especially in the US go through a protracted slowdown. All these factors take time to have an impact and one could see much lower growth rates taking the pressure off oil demand and oil prices. A similar situation may be seen in other countries like India where the Bombay stock exchange dropped 31% from its high late last year and 53% drop in Vietnam. Vietnam and India may benefit from a shift in production from China as companies try to look for alternatives to the higher cost environment in China but they would still see a significant drop in growth rates before resuming high growth rates. ...

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Britain's trains on time record beats Germany's- it is at 98% during the coronavirus time. With about one tenth of the passengers as reopening happens gradually. The Deutsche Bahn German train system is suffering from a lack of investment, neglect of infrastructure. Britain's needs an update too, but the Deutsche Bahn has taken a sharp turn for the worse in recent years. The German government is shifting its attention away from protecting the auto industry to investing in infrastructure in its new $130 billion investment initiative to tackle the upheaval of digitisation, climate change, and decaying infrastructure. 

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Instead of 80% of Russsian missiles intercepted and 20% gettting through, destroying huge swaths of the industry and 50% of its electric grid, it is now possible for Ukraine with new Patriot systems to knock out mostly all of the incoming missiles and all drones. This happened last night at 3 am as missiles lit up the night sky over Kviv.