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An overwhelming number of readers who commented on this article by October 27, 2009, were opposed to sending 40,000 more troops to Afghanistan. Looking at all comments in detail one finds that of the 64 readers commenting only a handful, about 8-9 supported sending these troops. Ninety percent of the comments to this editorial asking Obama to fight this war with conviction seriously questioned the wisdom of doing this. Many readers asked why aren't the Europeans putting thier lives at stake, and two asked how the Economist could with astraight face say that Britain's 500 troop increase was a welcome gesture. Readers questioned the assumptions and statements made by the Economist such as" letting the region "slip into amaelstrom of conflict," or "permanent cross-border instability," and "a terrible betrayal of the Afghan people, " in many of the comments. Readers seem conscious of the fact that its not a precipitate withdrawal that is being discussed, its a war for the long haul that it inevitably becomes as the US forces get deeper into the conflict in the mountains of Afghanistan. The discussion is not about the next 6 months but of next year and the year after that and the year after that. That is also what General Colin Powell advised President Obama. He asked Obama to think clearly about the clear goals of this mission. See the link to Powell. The question arises is whether the Economist sensitive to its readers thoughts on this subject, and it is how does it account for such an absolute majority of sensible readers having serious questions, doubts, and outright opposition to a deeper conflict in Afghanistan?...

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Promises made by China when it entered the World Trade Organization to open its markets in telecommunications, banking and other fields have not been kept. 

Seventeen years later the U.S. sees China as intent on gaining competitive advantages through joining the World Trade Organization. During that period successive Republican and Democratic administrations did not take action to make China comply with its obligations under the WTO agreement. The broken promises and how to have an agreement that has protections that ensure that each side lives up to the spirit and letter of the agreement, is a key challenge for Mr. Lighthizer and his negotiating team.

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THe GM restructuring that leaves the US and Canadian governments with control of 72.5% of the company, and unsecured bondholders with 10% of the company. The unsecured bondholders were offered warrants that could bring up their share of ownership to 20%, in return for forgiving $27 billion in GM debt. The UAW has the rest, 17.5% of the company, plus $6.5 billion in preferred equity and $2.5 billion in GM debt. The US government will commit $30 billion to GM in addition to the $20 billion already given to GM. ANd the Canadian government will give $9 billion. By taking a large share of the ownership of GM- at a time when the market for automobiles in the US is at 9.5 million vehicles and GM needs a 10 million automobile market to breakeven according to the restructuring plan- the government is implicitly taking on the responsibility for additional loans to GM till the market recovers.

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The Fed and FDIC issue a report on the failure to regulate SVB and Signature bank. It says the failure to regulate stems from the law passed by Congress leaving a gap for regulation of mid sized banks, and the appointment of Randall Quarles to the Fed supervisory position by then president Trump in 2019. The result was a 40% decline in hours spent by supervisory regulators on the SVB bank even as its assets grew rapidly. Overall the supervisory hours for the Federal Reserve system as a whole declined. This led to cultural issues under Mr. Trump where less regulation the better was the prevailing attitude. Fed report in Fedspeak says- "Staff felt a shift in culture and expectations from internal discussions and observed behaviour that changed how regulation was executed." It would take a special effort by the Biden administration to bring the situation under control to keep the nation's banking system healthy and strong to support the investments the economy needs. After the 2009 crisis and the decade lost to the US economy and the American people from losses in unemployment and savings as a result of deregulated banks, another crisis was prevented. This time the Fed, FDIC, General Accountability Office are all clear about the value and role of regulation in a properly functioning economy, instead of the pushback after the 2009 crisis to regulation. Once again president Biden has shown the way.   ...

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Scott Anderson of the NYT provides an indepth look at the Arab World and its fragmentation through the eyes of five people from each part of the Arab world- Egyptian, Kurd, Syrian, Iraqi and Jordanian. He says the countries that fell apart are precisely the ones that were formed by the British and the French, and Italy, following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire  using divide and rule policies- Britain in Iraq, France in Syria, and Italy in Libya- without much thought given to setting up viable nation states. This is why Iraq has a Sunni-Shia divide, Syria has similar divisions, and Libya with a largely tribal based structure, never really held together after the colonial powers left, and were held together only by strong dictators. Today's problems trace back to these historical events. This is complicated by the largely young demographic and restlessness of the people for change coupled with problems of underdevelopment in education, tribal loyalties, religious loyalties, and lack of political and social structures that could keep the countries together as change and transition to democratic processes took place. The role of the military further complicated matters in Egypt. Even Iran experienced these divisions because of the intervention of the great powers including Russia in Iran since 1900, leading to swings between liberal governments, foreign power supported governments, and a swing back to religious leadership as at present. This is one view of the region, others are presented by Ramadan (Oxford),  Bernard Lewis (Princeton), and leaders in Qatar and Emirates, other experts, some of whom point to the failure in leadership and the elites to find solutions to the problems of underdevelopment, in education, health, infrastructure, and aspirations for a voice in their governance. As the same divisions left by colonial powers affected Asia- in India, China, and Korea, but a larger vision of progress prevailed through crises and difficulties.        ...

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February 2024 talks between Biden and Speaker Mike Johnson that revived the effort to pass the bill for $61.5 billion aid to Ukraine. This included the efforts of Mitch McConnell to persuade Mike Johnson on the vital necessity of aid to Ukraine. See the adjoining articles on Mitch McConnell and his critical role on what might be similar to what Harry Truman did to assist Greece and Turkey in 1948 to fend off a communist takeover supported by Soviet bloc. Aid was passed through US Congress in 1948 weeks before Greece's democracy was likely to collapse.

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Toxic chemicals in black spatulas used in cooking. Flame retardents are found in household plastic items that are toxic. These chemicals were added by companies unaware of the risks to reduce chance of fires. A professor of environmental health at a major university says it can come to bite us a second time when banned chemicals are found in household items.

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Declining manufacturing wages in the U.S. and the return of manufacturing jobs. Indiana's experience with new manufacturing plants.

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Failure to provide principal reductions to millions of U.S. homeowners under water and the prospect of further price declines in housing in 2012-2013. This would prevent a recovery in the U.S. economy.

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Mercedes sales have seen asharp decline. May 2009 sales were down 33.4%% from May 2008 for the US region. Steve Cannon who heads Mercedes' marketing effort continues to believe that its performance, innovation and technology that will bring buyers back to Mercedes. The company's $75 million ad campaign in the USA for its updated E-Class Series cars, show tv ad spots with scenes of families admiring classic Mercedes cars at the Mercedes Benz museum in Stuttgart, Germany, and scenes of the car down a forested road. The car then bursts through the wall of the museum, and takes its place alongside other Mercedes cars. In contrast other manufacturers, GM, Hyundai, Honda and others are taking account of the economic downturn and lower consumer spending. Hyundai offers to help customers pay for the cars if they lose their jobs, which GM and Ford has matched. Honda is also keeping pricing emphasis. Mercedes only brings up the price at the end of its ad with the number $48,600 shown, a 9% drop in price for the updated E Class Series....

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Shigeu Ishiba is elected the new LDP leader and prime minister of Japan. He is 67 years and was defense minister. This means the replacement for Fumio Kishida is not a younger leader with new ideas as was said to be the intent behind Kishida stepping aside. Ishiba is a son of a former cabinet minister, something too common in Japan. He was a critic of Abe and Kishida, and is depended upon to clean up corruption in the LDP. Other than that this is still an LDP that has no new solutions, the same old ideas for improving the economic future of the Japanese people, not the kind of fresh thinking that Harris is bringing to the US and which some expected would come from Kishida stepping aside for a younger person with new ideas.

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Italian leader Meloni comes to the White House for a meeting with US president DJT on April 17, 2025. DJT says there will be a deal with the EU "100 percent."

"There will be a trade deal, 100 percent, but it will be a fair deal."

Meloni criticised "woke ideology" and said she fully supported the "war against illegal migration".

"The goal for me is to make the West great again, and I think we can do it together."

"I'm proud of sitting here as prime minister of an Italy that today has a very good situation - a stable country, a reliable country."

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Claire Cain Miller points to the high cost of child care in the U.S. and the benefits to society from providing affordable child care. It has a high impact on women's employment and incomes, and ability to pursue opportunities in education and career. The effect on children especially for low income families is enormous. Average cost for child care in the U.S. is by one estimate $16,514. The higher the quality of care in early years the better the outcomes are for children in education, careers, income, and later in life.

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A shocking fact about oversupply in one crucial industry. Automakers worldwide have the industry capacity to make 94 million vehicles. According to researcher CSM Worldwide the current sales in late 2008 reflects demand for 60 million vehicles worldwide. This is about 34 million extra vehicles and represents about 100 plants. Toyota has already cut production in Japan by 27% in November, the biggest cuts seen at Toyota in 30 years. The numbers for 2009 will reflect a deepening downturn from higher unemployment and lower spending. Not all of this capacity wil be cut as automakers will look for a rebound as customers replace aging vehicles, but as sales decline in Russia, China and emerging markets and in the USA and Europe, some consolidation will take place and many plants will have to close in the US, China, Portugal, Italy and Spain.

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The most senior management person of Indian origin in the US financial business, Vikram Pandit came to Columbia University from India at the age of 16, receiving a doctorate from Columbia. He was in a teaching position at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana before joining Morgan Stanley and heading its institutional client division. Richard Parsons was leading the committee making the choice, and Robert Rubin was lobbying hard for Vikram Pandit because he is deeply thoughtful, has international background, and can bring the strategic sense that Rubin sees as important. Rubin will help from the sidelines as Head of the Citigroup Executive Committee.

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Cultural issues for management ranks at Hyundai and Kia Motors and the revolving door for American managers at these Korean companies. There is a cultural gap between American managers and the Korean management because Hyunda and Kia are run in a very regimented militaristic way which may be acceptable in Korea but which makes some American manager uncomfortable, especially the presence of coordinators from Korea who act in a supervisory role with the Americans. Some experts say this has worked for the 2 companies. However they have not been able to penetrate the US market as well as they would like to.

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Refugees in Germany are 3.48 million in 2024 at 4 percent of the population, government data shows. This is 60,000 more than in 2023. One third of them are from Ukraine and many of them seek a return to their home country. Clara Bunger a member of the German parliament requested the information from the government. Bunger says- "It's in clear contradiction to the misleading portrayal of an alleged 'national emergency. Such scaremongering deliberately distracts from actual social problems and uses fear to make refugees a scapegoat." This distraction from the problems of cost of living is why immigration hurts workers and families, why PM Mette Frederiksen, Denmark, PM Michel Barnier, France, US president Biden/Harris who negotiated the legislation with Republicans in Congress to close the Border are taking this important step to refocus on the future of America and Europe, and the world at large. ...

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The NYT's look at the televised debate between Macron and Le Pen for the presidential election. Macron has this to say in closing about Le Pen's shelving her plans for exit from the European Union compared to her position in the last election. "It's a project that doesn't say its name but entails leaving the European Union. I'm not lying about the goods, you are lying about the goods." Macron says Le Pen is being disingenuous about this, arguing that by reducing French contributions to the Eu budget and by ignoring fundamental rules of the EU such as freedom of movement and the single market, that would lead to a de facto exit from the European Union for France. Lyrarc has shown today on this page how the debate was covered in FR24, DW.com, The Guardian, BBC News, WSJ, and NYT. One of the key questions is what would she or some other candidate such as Mr. Melenchon done differently than Mr. Macron- For the once in a century pandemic? Macron is not faulted by any one for the work done by two prime ministers he appointed for the task. What would she or some other candidate done differently for today's surging inflation, considering that it is happening worldwide? Are their aspects of France's welfare state, and her economy and the currency that are better protected under the European Union than in a situation of de facto exit. The absolute power in the French presidency is something that happened after a weak system of prime ministers and coalition governments in the period between the two wars, and that power used wisely enabled De Gaulle to take decisive steps  over a decade for France in the post war modernization of France. This was a problem for Melenchon with his calls for a new Republic and a new constitution. Yet many of todays problems of decaying communities and once prosperous industrial towns in decay in the north, northeast and the south require a next generation industrial revolution to bring manufacturing back to France and back to the European Union, and large scale investment in France, as is happening today in the US which is confronting the same problem.    ...

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Increasing trade tensions as Japan, the US, and other countries struggle to maintain their export competitiveness. The issues surrounding the stronger yen, and the reluctance of China to revalue its currency.

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The plan to inject capital of $250 billion into the US banks in return for preferred shares, ownership stakes, ad a dividend of 5%. $125 billion went to the largest banks.

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U.S. GDP growth is 1.5% for the second quarter after 2% growth in the first quarter. The slower growth shows that much of the productive capacity of the U.S. economy is not being utilized. See the graph showing the growth during the recovery after the recession of 2009 compared to the recessions in 2001, 1991, 1980, 1975, 1970. The curve is much flatter this time. Every recovery except the recovery in 1980 shows a faster rebound. Economic recoveries have taken longer over time since the postwar boom period.